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Mahesh Gaur

it is very good and helpful to me....:)

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Ashish Dholariya at Reliance Industries Limited

thank y for teaching us how to interface the sensors

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Transcript
1. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.com ARM LPC 21XX INTEFACING
EXAMPLES1.INTERFACING LEDs TO ARM 7 CONTROLLER- (LPC2148 )Light Emitting Diodes
(LEDs) are popularly used display components used to indicate the ONand OFF state of a system.
These are also used to realize various counters like binary countersexperimentally. These LEDs can be
easily interfaced with the Port pins of any Microcontrollerby using current limiting resistors of the
order of 220 Ohms.The diagram below shows the interfacing of LED array to the Port1 pins of
LPC2148 ARM 7microcontroller.1
2. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comPROGRAM -1This program blinks the
LEDs continuously with a small delay. The LEDs are connected to thePort1 pins P1.24 to P1.31 and
the these pins are configured as General Purpose output pins.#include<lpc2148.H> //LPC2148 Header
void delay(){for(int i=0x00;i<=0xff;i++)for(int j=0x00;j<=0xFf;j++) ; // Delay program}void main()
{PINSEL2 = 0X00000000; // Set P1.24 TO P1.31 as GPIOIO1DIR = 0XFF000000; //Port pins P1.24
to P 1.31 Configured as Output port.while(1) //Infinite loop{IO1SET=0XFF000000; // Pins P1.24 to
P1.31 goes to high statedelay();IO1CLR=0XFF000000; // Pins P1.24 to P1.31 goes to low statedelay()
;}}PROGRAM 2This program glows LEDs alternately by sending 55H and AAH through the port1
Pins.# include <LPC214X.H> //LPC2148 HEADERvoid delay(void) // Delay Program{unsigned int
i;i=0xffffff; while(i--);}int main(void){PINSEL2=0x0000; // Port 1 is I/OIODIR1 = 0XFF <<24 ; //
Port Pins P1.24 to P1.31 as Output Pins2
3. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comwhile(1) // Infinite
loop{IOSET1=0X55<<25 ; // P1.25,P1.27,P1.29 & P1.31 LEDs will Glowdelay() ; // Call delay
functionIOCLR1= 0X55 <<25 ; // P1.25,P1.27,P1.29 &P1.31 LEDs will be offIOSET1=0XAA<<24 ;
//P1.24,P1.26,P1.28 &P1.30 LEDs are Glowdelay () ; // Call delay functionIOCLR1=0XAA<<24 ; //
P1.24,P1.26,P1.28 &P1.30 LEDs are off}}2.INTERFACING A RELAY TO ARM 7 CONTROLLER(LPC2148 )Relays are devices which allow low power circuits to switch a relatively high Current/
VoltageON/OFF. A relay circuit is typically a smaller switch or device which drives (opens/closes)
anelectric switch that is capable of carrying much larger current amounts.Figure below shows the
interfacing of the Relay to ARM controller. When the input isenergized, the relay turns on and the +
output is connected to +12v. When the relay is off, the +output is connected to Ground. The - output
is permanently wired to Ground.The relay is interfaced to P0.30 Pin through an Opto-isolator. This
opto-isolator protects the portpin from damage due to any high currents .The opto-isolator consists of
a pair of an LED and aPhoto transistor as shown in the diagram. The power transistor is used at the
input. So, when theinput is high , the output of the transistor is LOW and the relay is in OFF state
.Similarly whenwe apply a low to the transistor ,the out put is high and the relay is ON.3
4. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comInterfacing Circuit.PROGRAMThe

following program configures the P0.30 pin as an out port. When a low signal is sentthrough this pin
to the relay the relay is switched ON and when a high signal is sent the relay is4
5. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comswitched OFF.A constant delay is
created between the two events and hence the relay switchesON and OFF in regular intervals of
time.# include <LPC214X.H> //LPC2148 HEADER# define relay 1<<30 // ASSIGN P0.30 Pin to
RELAY input PINvoid DELAY(void) // Delay function { unsigned int i;i=0xffffff;while(i--) ;}int
main(void) // Main program {IODIR0=1<<30 ; // P0.30 Port Pin as Outportwhile(1) //INFINITE
LOOP{IOSET0=1<<30 ; //SWITCH OFF RELAYDELAY() ; //CALL DELAYIOCLR0=1<<30 ; //
SWITCH ON RELAYDELAY() ; // CALL DELAY} // REPEAT LOOP}5
6. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.com3. INTERFACING A STEPPER
MOTOR TO ARM 7 CONTROLLER- (LPC2148 )A stepper motor is a brushless, synchronous
electric motor that converts digital pulses intomechanical rotation in steps. Every revolution of the
stepper motor is divided into a discretenumber of steps, and for each pulse it receives the motor
rotates through one step.Fig below shows the interface of the Stepper Motor to ARM 7 controller.
The stepper motor isconnected to Microcontroller using a ULN2003 driver IC. The ULN driver IC is
connected tothe Port1 pins P1.19 to P1.22 pins. So as the microcontroller gives pulses with a
particularfrequency to ULN2003, the motor is rotated either in clockwise or
anticlockwise.PROGRAMThis program first configures the ARM Port1 as a GPIO and also as an out
port. The sequencecode is sent to the driver IC using these port pins. A suitable delay is incorporated
between eachstep rotation. By applying the code in the reverse order, the stepper motor can be rotated
in theanticlockwise direction.# include <LPC214X.H> // LPC2148 HEADERvoid delay_ms() ; // Delay
functionvoid main() ; // Main program starts{PINSEL2 = 0X00000000; // Set P1.19 TO P1.22 as
GPIOIO1DIR=0x000000F0 ; // Set Port 1 as out port6
7. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comwhile(1) // Infinite Loop{IO1PIN =
0X00000090; // Send the code1 for phase 1delay_ms() ; // Call DelayIO0PIN = 0X00000050 ; // Send
the code 2 for phase 2delay_ms() ; // Call DelayIO1PIN = 0X00000060 ; // Send the code 3 for phase
3delay_ms() ; // Call DelayIO1PIN = 0X000000A0 ; // Send the code 3 for phase 3delay_ms() ; // Call
Delay}}void delay_ms() // Delay function program{int i,j ;for(i=0;i<0x0a;i++)for (j=0;j<750;j++) ;}4.
INTERFACING OF DAC-ARM LPC2148A digital-to-analog converter is a device for converting a
digital signal into to an analog signal(current or voltage ). Digital-to-Analog Converters are the interface
between the abstract digitalworld and the analog real world. Simple switches, a network of resistors,
current sources orcapacitors may be used to implement this conversion. A DAC inputs a binary
number andoutputs an analog voltage or current signal.The Microchip Technology Inc. MCP4921 is
2.7 5.5V, low-power, 12-Bit Digital-to-AnalogConverter (DAC) with SPI interface. The MCP4921
DACt provides high accuracy and low7
8. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comnoise performance for industrial
applications where calibration or compensation of signals isrequired.With an SPI connection there is
always one master device (usually a microcontroller) whichcontrols the peripheral devices. Typically
there are three lines common to all the devices,Master In Slave Out (MISO) - The Slave line for
sending data to the master,Master Out Slave In (MOSI) - The Master line for sending data to the
peripherals,Serial Clock (SCK) - The clock pulses which synchronize data transmission generated by
themaster, andSlave Select pin - the pin on each device that the master can use to enable and disable
specificdevices.When a devices Slave Select pin is low, it communicates with the master. When its
high, itignores the master. In SPI, the clock signal is controlled by the master device LPC2148 .
Alldata is clocked in and out using this pin. These lines need to be connected to the relevant pins onthe
LPC21xx processor. Any unused GIO pin can be used for CS, instead pull this pin high.Conversion
speed is the time it takes for the DAC to provide an analog output when the digitalinput word is
changed. The MCP4291 DAC - SPI connections with LPC21xx have four I/Olines (P0.4 P0.7)
required. The analog output is generated by using these four lines.8
9. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comPROGRAM#include <LPC2148.H> //
2148 Header#include "SPIsw.h"unsigned long DACval, DACreg; int main (void) // Main program{
PINSEL0 = 0 ; // Port 0 as GPIO PINSEL1 = 0x0000 ; // Port 0 as Outport PINSEL2 & =
0x0000000C; SPI_ init (&IOPIN0,29/*CS*/, 5/*MISO*/, 6/*MOSI*/, 4/*SCK*/, 0/*CPOL*/,
0/*CPHA*/) ; // Set output voltage DAC val = 2047 ; // Range [0..4095] DAC reg = DACval | 0x7000 ;
SPI_enable () ; // Enable SPI port SPI_char ((DACreg >> 8) & 0x00FF); SPI_char (DACreg &
0x00FF) ; SPI_disable () ; // Disable SPI port while (1) ; // Infinite Loop}5. INTERFACING ADC

LPC2148LPC2148 controller has two on n-chip ADCs. In the present program the ADC0 with
channel 3is used and configured to convert the analog input signal into its equivalent digital
output.Theconfiguring of on chip ADC is shown below.9
10. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.comPROGRAM#include "lpc214x.h" //
This example assumes that PCLK is 12Mhz!int main(void){ // Initialise ADC 0, Channel 3adcInit0_3()
; // Constantly read the results of ADC0.3 int results = 0; while (1) { results = adcRead0_3(); }} //
Initialise ADC Converter 0, Channel 3void adcInit0_3(void){ // Force pin 0.30 to function as
AD0.3PCB_PINSEL1 = (PCB_PINSEL1 & ~PCB_PINSEL1_P030_MASK)
|PCB_PINSEL1_P030_AD03; // Enable power for ADC0SCB_PCONP |= SCB_PCONP_PCAD0; //
Initialise ADC converterAD0_CR = AD_CR_CLKS10 // 10-bit precision10
11. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.com | AD_CR_PDN // Exit power-down
mode | ((3 - 1) << AD_CR_CLKDIVSHIFT) // 4.0MHz Clock (12.0MHz / 3) | AD_CR_SEL3; // Use
channel 3 } int adcRead0_3(void) // Read the current value of ADC0.3 AD0_CR &= ~
(AD_CR_START_MASK | AD_CR_SELMASK); // Deselect all channels and stop all
conversions{AD0_CR |= (AD_CR_START_NONE | AD_CR_SEL3); // Select channel 3AD0_CR |=
AD_CR_START_NOW; // Manually start conversions (rather than waiting on an external input)while
(!(AD0_DR3 & AD_DR_DONE)) ; // Wait for the conversion to complete return ((AD0_DR3 &
AD_DR_RESULTMASK) >> AD_DR_RESULTSHIFT); // Return the processed results}6 .
INTERFACING A SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAYLPC21XXA seven segment display can be used to
interface with LPC21XX microcontroller using theGPIO lines. By using one seven segment display
module along with LPC21XX ,a Hex counterwhich counts 0 to F can be designed. By interfacing two
Seven segment displays, a Hex counterwhich counts 00 to FF can be designed. The LSB segment is
interfaced to Port1 GPIOlines(P1.16 to P1.22) and MSB module is interfaced to Port0 GPIO
lines(Port0.16 to Port0.22) asshown in the circuit diagram.11
12. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D
yayavaram@yahoo.comPROGRAM#include<lpc21xx.h>unsigned char seg[16] =
{0x40,0x79,0x24,0x30,0x19,0x12,0x02,0x78,0x00,0x10,0x08,0x03,0x46,0x21,0x06,0x0e};unsigned
char seg_val,seg_val1;unsigned char count,count1;unsigned long int var,var1;void main(void){
unsigned long int k; PINSEL0=0X00000000; // Select Port 0 pins as GPIO lines12
13. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.com PINSEL1=0X00000000; // Select
Port 1 pins as GPIO lines IODIR0 = 0X00FF0000; // Configure the required pins of Port 0 as output
pins IODIR1 = 0X00FF0000; // Configure the required pins of Port 1 as output pins for
(count=0;count<=15;count++) // COUNT FOR MSB { IOCLR1 = var; seg_val = seg[count]; var =
seg_val; var = var<<16; IOSET1 = var; for(count1=0;count1<=15;count1++) // COUNT FOR LSB {
IOCLR0=var1; seg_val1=seg[count1]; var1=seg_val1; var1=var1<<16; IOSET0=var1;
for(k=0;k<50000;k++); } // End for loop } // End for loop } // End main.13
14. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.com7 . INTERFACING OF 2X16 LCD
MODULE - LPC21XXThe ARM7 LPC21xx processor is interfaced to the 2x16 LCD mpdule in 4-bit
mode .Theinterfcae diagram is shown below.The four data pins are connected with 4 data bits (P0.19
P0.22 pins to bits D4-D7), address bit (RS-P0.16), read/write bit (R/W-P0.17) and controlsignal (EP0.18) to make LCD display complete.The pins D0,D1,D2,D3 are left free with outany
connections.16X 2 LCD is a 16 pin module . In which pins 1 &16 are grounded, 2 &15 are given to V
CCand 3rd pin is given to potentiometer in order adjust the contrast of LCD. Pins 4, 5 & 6corresponds
to RS, R/W & EN respectively. Pins 7 to 14 are data lines from D0 to D7respectively. Here the LCD is
used in 4 bit mode i.e. upper 4 bits are used to transfer the datawith MSB first and LSB next. Port 0
pins i.e. from P0.16 to P0.22 are used for both data andcontrol signals. The interfacing diagram of
16X2 LCD is shown below.PROGRAM#include <LPC21xx.H>long unsigned int
data,temp1,temp2;unsigned char *ptr,data_array[] = "SSBN DEGREE & PG COLLEGE, ATP";void
main(){ int i=0;14
15. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.com PINSEL0 = 0x00000000; // Select
Port 0 pins as GPIO lines IODIR0 = 0x00ff0000; // Configure the required pins of Port 0 as output
pins lcd_init(); // LCD initialization delay(2500); // Delay ret_home(); // Cursor to return home
delay(2500); // Delay clr_disp(); // Clear display delay(2500); // Delay ptr = &data_array[0];
for(i=1;i<sizeof(data_array);i++) { if(i == 17) { temp1 = 0xc0; // Goto 2nd line in the LCD lcd_com();
// Byte to nibble conversion of LCD command delay(800); } // End if data = *ptr; lcd_data(); // Byte to

nibble conversion of LCD data ptr++; } // End for loop} // End mainvoid lcd_init(void) // Initialization
of LCD{ temp2=0x30; // Assign command to temp2 temp2=temp2<<16; // Shift the data by 16 bits
left cmd_wrt(); // Command write subroutine delay(800); // Delay temp2=0x30; // Assign command to
temp2 temp2=temp2<<16; // Shift the data by 16 bits left cmd_wrt(); // Command write subroutine
delay(800); // Delay temp2=0x30; // Assign command to temp2 temp2=temp2<<16; // Shift the data
by 16 bits left cmd_wrt(); // Command write subroutine delay(800); // Delay temp2=0x30; // Assign
command to temp2 temp2=temp2<<16; // Shift the data by 16 bits left cmd_wrt(); // Command write
subroutine delay(800); // Delay temp2=0x20; // Assign command to temp2 temp2=temp2<<16; // Shift
the data by 16 bits left cmd_wrt(); // Command write subroutine delay(800); // Delay temp1 = 0x28; //
Command for LCD to function in 4 bit mode lcd_com(); delay(800);15
16. Dr.Y.NARASIMHA MURTHY Ph.D yayavaram@yahoo.com temp1 = 0x0c; // Command for
display on, cursor off lcd_com(); delay(800); temp1 = 0x06; // Command for cursor increment
lcd_com(); delay(500); temp1 = 0x80; // Command to force the cursor to beginning of 1st line
lcd_com(); delay(800); }void delay(unsigned int j) // Delay subroutine{ unsigned int k;
for(k=0;k<j;k++);}void clr_disp(void) // To clear LCD display{ temp1 = 0x01; lcd_com();
delay(320);}void ret_home(void) // To return home{ temp1 = 0x02; lcd_com(); delay(320);}void
lcd_com(void) // Byte to nibble conversion of LCD command{ temp2= temp1 & 0x00f0;
temp2=temp2<<16; cmd_wrt(); temp2 = temp1 & 0x000f; temp2 = temp2 << 20; cmd_wrt();} ------------------xxxxxxx-------------Acknowledgment: I thank all the people without whose contribution
,this class notes wouldhave not been possible ,especially Pantech Solutions website .16

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