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WORKED SOLUTIONS

Number and algebra 2

Answers

u6 = u1 + (6 1)d = 34
d=6
u1 + 5(6) = 34
u1 = 34 30 = 4

un = 4 + (n 1)(6) = 316
4 + 6n 6 = 316
6n = 318
n = 53

Skills check
1

A = r 2 + rs
a

A = (4)2 + (4)(3) = 88.0

A r 2 = rs
s=

A Sr2
Sr

630 1.04 = 655.20 GBP

652 1.12 = 730.24

120 0.80 = 96

x 2y = 11
3x + y = 2
(2) 2 6x + 7y = 4
(1) + (3) 7x = 7
x=1
y = 5

(1)
(2)
(3)

Exercise 7A
1

u8 = 3 + (8 1)4 = 3 + 28 = 31

u150 = 3 + (150 1)4 = 3 + 596 = 599

u1 + 2d = 8 and u1 + 8d = 26

using the GDC u1 = 2 and d = 3

u1 = 12
u1 + 8d = 16
12 + 8d = 16
8d = 28
d = 3.5

a
b

un = u1 + (n 1) d = 3 + (n 1)4
= 3 + 4n 4 = 4n 1
u50 = 4(50) 1 = 199

Exercise 7B
1

u1 = 42 3(1) = 39
u2 = 42 3(2) = 36

u1 = 8 d = 7
un = 8 + (n 1)(7) = 393
8 + 7n 7 = 393
7n = 392
n = 56
8 a d = 1 (5) = 1 + 5 = 4
b u13 = 5 + 12(4) = 5 + 48 = 43
c un = 5 + (n 1)(4) = 75
5 + 4n 4 = 75
4n = 84
n = 21
9 a d = 10.5 8 = 2.5
b u12 = 8 + 11(2.5) = 35.5
c un = 8 + (n 1)(2.5) = 188
8+ 2.5n 2.5 = 188
2.5n = 182.5
n = 73
10 a u1 = 12 + 7(1) = 19
u2 = 12 + 7(2) = 26
b 26 19 = 7 = d
c u25 = 19 + 24(7) = 187
7

42 3n = 9

26
u50 = 1 + 49(5) = 246

S50 = 50 (2 1 + 49 5) = 6175

(5k + 2) (k + 4) = (10k 2) (5k + 2)


4k 2 = 5k 4
k=2

2+4=6
5(2) + 2 = 12
10(2) 2 = 18
d = 12 6 = 6
u25 = 6 + 24(6) = 150

S25 = 25 (2 6 + 24 6) = 1950

3n = 9 42 = 51
n=
c

51
3

= 17

uk + uk+1 = u1 + (k 1)d + u1 + (k + 1 1)d


= 39 + (k 1)(3) + 39 + (k)(3)
= 78 3k + 3 3k = 81 6k
= 33
6k = 33 81 = 48
k=8

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 7

WORKED SOLUTIONS
3

u6 = u1 + 5d = 20
u11 = u1 + 10d = 50

u1 = a, d = p
u6 = 2 u3
a + 5p = 2(a + 2p)
a + 5p = 2a + 4p
p=a
u10 = a + 9p = 4000
a + 9a = 4000
a = 400
p = 400

u10 = 150 + 9 250 = 2400

S10 = 10 (2 150 + 9 250) = 12750

Option A gets 1200 10 = 12000

Using GDC, d = 6
u1 = 10,

ii

S100 = 100 (2 10 + 99 6) = 28 700

un = 12 + (n 1)(4)
= 12 4n + 4 = 16 4n

S80 =

80
(2
2

12 + 79 4)

= 11 680
5

b
6

u1 + d = 2 and u9 = u1 + 8d = 19
7d = 21
d = 3
ii u1 = 5
i

S60 = 60 (2 5 + 59 3) = 5010

u10 = 100 + 9 10 = 190

S15 = 15 (2 100 + 14 10) = 2550

u10 = 18 + 9 2 = 36

S25 =

25
(2
2

Exercise 7D

un = u1 + (n 1)d = 26 + (n 1)(1.5)
= 26 1.5n + 1.5 = 17.5
1.5n = 45
n = 30

r=

r =2=1

S30 =
8

S50 = 50 (2 7 + 49 5) = 5775
2

Therefore Option B gives 750 more than


Option A

un = u1 + (n 1)d = 7 + (n 1)5
= 7 + 5n 5 = 238
5n = 250
n = 50

30
(2
2

26 + 29 1.5) = 127.5

6k (3k + 4) = (3k + 4) (4k 2)


3k 4 = k + 6
4k = 10
k = 2.5
4(2.5) 2 = 8
3(2.5) + 4 = 11.5
6(2.5) = 15
d = 11.5 8 = 3.5
u15 = 8 + 14(3.5) = 57

S15 = 15 (2 8 + 14 3.5) = 487.5

u20 = 4(2)19 = 2 097 152

u10

r = 640 = 0.5

=2

6 1

0.000305

2
6561

u8 = 1280(0.5)7 = 10

1280

u1 = 5 u3 = 5r2 = 20
r 2 = 20 = 4
5

r=2
5

u7 = 5(2)6 = 320

u2 = u1r = 18
u1r 3
u1r

81
2

u4 = u1 r 3 = 81
2

2.25

18

r2 = 2.25
r = 1.5
b

u1 = 18 = 18 = 12
1 .5

u8 = 12(1.5)7 = 205.031 25
6

Exercise 7C

8
4

18 + 24 2) = 1050

a = 16 1 = 8

1
u = 16 = 0.125
2

u18 = 50 + 17(25) = 475

S18 = 18 (2 50 + 17 250) = 4725

2.5 minutes = 2.5 60 seconds = 150 seconds

u3 = 150 + 2 10 = 170 seconds


= 2 minutes 50 seconds
b

S10 =

10
(2
2

150 + 9 10)

= 1950 seconds = 32 minutes 30 seconds

u2 = u1r = 18
u1r 3
u1r

r2 =
r =

8
18

u4 = u1r3 = 8

4
9

4
9
2
3

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 7

WORKED SOLUTIONS
8

Exercise 7F

u1 = 12 u3 = u1r 2 = 48
2

12r = 48
r 2 = 48 = 4

12

So, after 10 weeks the plant is 0.8 (1.02)9 = 0.956 m

r=2
b

Multiplying factor is 0.92. So, after 5 years the car


is worth 75 000 0.924 = 53 729.47 GBP
3 u1 = 10, r = 2
2

u12 = 12(2)11 = 24 576

Exercise 7E
1

a
b

If it grows 2% each week then we multiply by


1.02 each time.

p = 8 0.5 = 4

S10 =

u7 = 16(0.5) = 0.25

15

16(1 0.5 )
1 0.5

S15 =

u1 = 2; u3 = u1r2 = 2r2 = 32

b
5

For r = 4, S10
For r = 4, S10

r =

6
2

S10 =

u1

r3
u1r

= 3
1 ( 3)

5.25
21

= 0.25

= 42

42(1 0.510 )
1 0 .5

= 83.9

For r = 0.5, u1

21
 0.5

S10 =
5

21
0 .5

For r = 0.5, u1 =
S10 =

42(1 [0.5)]10 )
1 ( 0.5)

= 28.0

2(2)(n1) = 8192
8192
2

At end of 2012 population


= 140 000(1.02)6 = 157 663

r=

S6 =

u1 = 8 and

u5 = 8(3)4 = 648

S7 = 8(1 3 ) = 8744

u1 = 96 r =

48
96

un = 96(0.5)
( 0.5)n 1 =

3

8
96

n 1

= 3
8

S9 =

96(1 ( 0.5)9 )
1 ( 0.5)

= 64.125

= 3 and

72
24

= 3 So r = 3

13

500 0.783 = 391.50 euros

391.50 328 = 63.50 euros

= 0.00390625

Using GDC, n = 9

24
8

= $40811.48

3500
0.3236

= 0 .5

1
256

6000(1  1.056 )
1  1.05

= 10 815.82 ringgits

63.50
1.172

= 16382

= 1.05

= 4096

2(1 213 )
12

6300
6000

Exercise 7G

Using GDC, n = 13
S13 =

= 1.040 4

 42

u1r(n1) = 8192
2(n1) =

145 656
140 000

so, population at end of 2007


= 140 000(1.02) = 142 800

= 29524

r2 = 0.25
r = 0.5
b

= 1237.37 Dinar

r = 1.02

2(1 ( 3) )

80(1 1.0512 )
1 1.05

140 000 r2 = 145 656


r2 =

u2 = u1r = 21
u4 = u1r3 = 5.25
a

S12 =

r = 1.04, u1 = 210000

10

u1 = 80 and r = 1.05

In 2013, the population is


210 000(1.04)3 = 236 221

r=4
2(1  410 )
699 050
1 4
2(1  ( 4)10 )
 419 430
1  ( 4)

= 10230 BGN

u8 = 80(1.05)7 = 112.57 Dinar

= 32.0 (3 sf )

r2 = 16

10(1 210 )
12

= 54.18 GBP

800 0.758 = 606.40 euros

606.40
0.835

800 726.23 = 73.77 CAD


8000 0.111 = 888 euros

= 726.23 CAD

888
0.121

8000 7338.84 = 661.16 SEK

500 3.984 = 1992 ZAR

500
3.984

= 7338.84 SEK

= 125.50 BRL

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 7

WORKED SOLUTIONS
6

250 4 = 246 GBP


246 1.173 = 288.56 euros

2.25 10 = 22.5 euros per kg

She exchanges 3000 75 = 2925 USD

22.5
1.173

2925 0.652 = 1907.10 GBP

12 a

= 19.18 GBP
b

= 75 USD commission

550 1.18 = 649 EUR

2500 1.319 = 3297.50 USD

3297.50 2050 = 1247.50 USD

She only gets 629 EUR, so 649 629


= 20 EUR is the commission.

1247.50
1.328

20
1.18

= 939.38 EUR

1247.50

0 .6

= 7.485 USD commission

100

She changes 1247.50 7.485


= 1240.015 USD
1247.50
1.261

= 983.36 EUR

2550 0.080 86 = 206 yuan

2150
0.01231

1 JPY = 0.009261 EUR = 0.007897 GBP

= 174 655 yen

So, 1 EUR =
1 .5
100

0.007 897
0.009 261

= 0.85 GBP

3000

3000 45 = 2955 EUR

3000 (1.065)15 = 7715.52 JPY

3000 (1.065)n = 6000, using GDC, n = 11 years

Andrew has 3105.94 euros

10 a
b

Billy has 3090.54 euros


Colin has 3067.47 euros
b

9.21 years

16.2 years

$6110.73

r = 3.79

23348.48 EGP

22.4 years

61252.49 SGD

75070.16 SGD

Mr Lin has 11698.59 CNY

= 45 EUR

2955 0.8524 = 2518.84 GBP

Mr Lee has 11707.24 CNY


Mr Lee has earned most interest

2518.84 2100 = 418.84 GBP

418.84 1.161 = 486.27 EUR

1348.85 GBP
2965 GBP
11.6 years

(1 +

1.06a + (8000 a)1.05 = 8430

500 44.95 = 22 475 IDR


500

2
100

= 10 USD commission

490 468.9 = 229 761 CLP


1 USD = 0.759 EUR so,
1 EUR = 1 = 1.3175 = p
0.759

1 JPY = 0.00926 EUR so,


1 EUR = 1 = 107.99 = q
i

Exercise 7I
1

150 GBP =
ii

2.4% of 150 =

150 = 3.60

150 3.60 = 146.40 GBP

2 .3
100

= 1.023

In 2013 a bag of potatoes will cost


3.45 1.0233 = 3.69 euros

150 = 176.06 EUR

2 .4
100

If ination is 2.3% then the multiplying factor is


1+

1 EUR = 0.852 GBP so


1
0.852

+ (8000 a)(1 + 100 )1 = 8430

3000 euros in Bank A, 5000 euros in Bank B

0.00926

6 1
)
100

1.06a + 8400 1.05a = 8430, 0.01a = 30,


a = 3000

Jose exchanges 500 10 = 490 USD


11 a

= 16.95 GBP commission

Exercise 7H

983.36 939.38 = 3.98 EUR was lost by


changing in the US

2 .5
100

3000

The multiplying factor is 1 +

3 .2
100

= 1.032

After 5 years the house is worth


3 200 000 1.0325 = 3 745 833 MXN

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 7

WORKED SOLUTIONS
3

The car depreciates so the multiplying factor is


1

8
100

1200 (1.043)n = 1450


using GDC, n = 4.7 years
must invest for 5 years.

1200 (1.043)n = 2400


using GDC, n = 16.5 or 17 years.

125 0.753 = 94.125 EUR

610 EUR = 800 AUD, so

Price increases so multiplying factor is


1+

2.03
100

= 1.0203

After 6 years the gold is worth


45 1.02036 = 50.77 CAD
5

1200 (1.043)4 = 1420.10 GBP


So Joseph earns 220.10 GBP
interest

= 0.92

After 4 years it is worth 12 300 0.924


= 8811.63 USD
4

Shares depreciate so multiplying factor


1

15
100

= 0.85

1 EUR =

After 2 years the shares are worth


18.95 0.852 = 13.69 KRW per share.
6

1 .8
100

1 EUR =

= 1.018

The price depreciates so the multiplying factor is


1

4 .2
100

1 USD =
5

= 0.958

The rate increases so the multiplying factor is


1+

3 .1
100

500 (1.118)n = 1000


using GDC, n = 6.21 or 7 years

Increase in price so multiplying factor is


1+

2 .3
100

200 000 r3 = 214 245


r3 =

214 245
200 000

= 1.071225

r = 1.071225 = 1.0232

Use formula for compounding quarterly:


4 .5

( 415 )

Use Finance Solver on GDC: 19862.21

4 .5

( 4n )

n = 26.4 or 27 months
a

u1 + 3d = 15 and u1 + 9d = 33
Subtracting, 6d = 33 15 = 18 So d = 3
and u1 = 6

= 1.023

240 000 1.0233 = 256 943.80 USD

= 8043.70 GBP

= 18000 1 + 4 100

x 11.8%

1500(1 1.0355 )
(1 1.035)

= 35219.61 = 35220

Let x be interest rate.


Then 500 x2 = 625
625
500

3 .5
= 1.035
100

Paper 1 style questions

x2 =

= 0.988 AUD

18000 1 + 4 100

Review exercise
a

1.3115
1.328

In 2012 the fees will be 1500 1.0352


= 1607 GBP
The total fees for 5 years,
S5 =

= 1.031

After 5 years she should insure the contents for


103 000 1.0315 = 119 985.99 euros.

= 1.328 USD

Increase is 3.5% so multiplying factor is


1+=

After 8 years the yacht is worth


85 000 0.9588 = 60303.57 USD
8

1
0.753

1.328 USD = 1.3115 AUD so,

After 10 years the vase is worth


24 000 1.01810 = 28 687.26 GBP
7

= 1.3115 AUD

0.753 EUR = 1 USD so,

Price increases so multiplying factor is


1+

800
610

u50 = 6 + 49 3 = 153

S50 =

50
2

(2 6 + 49 3) = 3975

un = 15 + (n 1)2 = 15 + 2n 2 = 27
2n = 27 + 15 + 2 = 44
n = 22
S22 =

22
2

(2 15 + 21 2) = 132

So the percentage increase is 2.32%

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 7

WORKED SOLUTIONS
9

u1r = 30 and u1r3 = 120


u1 r

= r2 =

u1 r

120

30

Choice C:

30
2, u1 = 2 = 15
30
2, u1 = 2 = 15

when r =
when r =

ii

12
2

= 1767.54

(2 105 + 11 10) = 1920

Choice D: 120

(1.0512 1)
(1, 05 1)

= 1910.06

so u1 = 15

C, because it has the largest total.

u6 = 15(2)5 = 480 or 15(2)5 = 480

Using the GDC, r = 6.27%

S8 = 15(2

2250 and 2500

ii

2000 + 19 250 = 6750

iii

20
2

2800 1.05 = 2940

ii

2800 1.054 = 3403.42

10 a

1)
(2 1)

r=

18
54

= 3825 or

15(( 2)8 1)
( 2 1)

11 a

u7 = 54 1 = 0.0741 =
3

S10 =

= 1275

1
3
6

1 10
54 1
3
1
1
3

2
27

= 81

u1 r

= r2 =

1
4

= 0.25

u6 = 8(0.5)5 = 0.25 or 8(0.5)5 = 0.25

S6 =

12 a
b
c

or

8((0.5)6 1)
=
(0.5 1)

b
c

200 + 10 25 = 450
200 1.1510 = 809.11
200 1.15x > 200 + 25x
Using GDC, x = 3.21

S20 =

28000 1.043 = 31496.19

24000 1.05x > 28000 1.04x


Using the GDC, x = 16.1
So, in the 17th year his spending will be
more than his salary.

ii

24000 1.0517 28000 1.0417


= 467.23

u36 = 8 + 35 8 = 288
u6 = 3r5 = 8 + 11 8 = 96

r =
5

96
3

= 32

r = 32 = 2
5

Paper 2 style questions


a

i
ii

total for option 2 =

(2 1000 + 9 250)

= 21250
Option 1 total = 10 2000 = 20000
15(210 1)
=
(2 1)

(2 16 + 19 9) = 2030

= 11 184 810

Using GDC, n = 12

15 27 = 1920 for option 3

Option 3 total =

20
2

2( 4 n 1)
( 4 1)

1000 + 7 250 = 2750 for Option 2


10
2

= 92584.67

5.25

So, after 4 times John will have more money


than Mary
13 a

2800(1.0520 1)
(1.05 1)

6k + 4 5k = 5k (3k + 1)
k + 4 = 2k 1
5=k
3(5) + 1 = 16, 5(5) = 25, 6(5) + 4 = 34
25 16 = 9
u15 = 16 + 14 9 = 142

So, r = 0.5 and u1 = 8


8(0.5 1)
=15.75
(0.5 1)

(2 2000 + 19 250) = 87500

92584.67 87500 = 5084.67 will be saved by


choosing Option 1

u1r = 4 and u1r3 = 1


u1 r 3

(1 + 10 )
(1200 )12

Choice B: 1600

= 4 so r = 2

And u1r = 30, so


i

Choice A: 12 150 = 1800

2
1
5 = = 0.2
2
5

r =

2(1 0.210 )
(1 0.2)

= 2.5

15345

Option 2 has the greatest total value

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 7

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