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Draft Environmental Impact Statement

VIRGINIA BEACH TRANSIT


EXTENSION STUDY
Appendix M
Wetland Identification Technical
Report

Preliminary
Review Draft
November 2014

Cover image: courtesy of the City of Virginia Beach

October 2014

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................1

1.1. PROJECTHISTORY...........................................................................................................1
1.2. PROPOSEDTRANSITSERVICE..........................................................................................1
1.3. VBTESCORRIDORCONDITIONS......................................................................................2
2 LEGALANDREGULATORYCONTEXT.................................................................................3
2.1. FEDERALREGULATIONS..................................................................................................3
2.2. STATEOFVIRGINIAREGULATIONS.................................................................................3
2.3. CITYOFVIRGINIABEACHREGULATIONS........................................................................3
3 WETLANDSFIELDINVESTIGATIONMETHODOLOGY.........................................................5
4

WETLANDDESCRIPTIONSANDCLASSIFICATIONS.............................................................6

4.1. FRESHWATERWETLANDS...............................................................................................6
4.1.1. IsolatedDepressions...............................................................................................6
4.1.2. LinearDepressions..................................................................................................7
4.1.3. WaterConveyanceWetlands.................................................................................8
4.1.4. WaterDetentionAreas...........................................................................................9
4.1.5. Riparian.................................................................................................................11
4.2. TIDALWETLANDS..........................................................................................................12
4.3. DESCRIPTIONOFWETLANDSBYSEGMENT..................................................................14
4.3.1. NewtownRoadStationtoTownCenterStationalongtheformerNSRRROW
(Alternatives1A,1B,2and3)...........................................................................................15
4.3.2. TownCentertoRosemontStationalongtheformerNSRRROW(Alternatives1B,
2and3).............................................................................................................................18
4.3.3. RosemontStationtoLondonBridgeCreekalongtheformerNSRRROW
(Alternatives2and3)........................................................................................................19
4.3.4. LondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviaformerNSRRROWBirdneckRoad17th
Street19thStreet(Alternative2)...................................................................................21
4.3.5. LondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviaLaskinRoadBirdneckRoad19thStreet
(Alternative3)...................................................................................................................23
4.3.6. LRT/BRTVSMF(Alternatives2and3)...................................................................25
4.3.7 AreasNotFieldSurveyed......................................................................................27
5 NEXTSTEPS....................................................................................................................29
6

REFERENCES...................................................................................................................30

October 2014

TABLES
Table41CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheNewtownRoadStationto15
TownCenterSegment

Table42CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheTownCentertoRosemontStationSegment..18

Table43CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheRosemontStationto20
LondonBridgeCreekSegment

Table44CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfront.21
viaformerNSRRROWBirdneckRoad17thStreet19thStreetSegment

Table45CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfront.24
viaLaskinRoadBirdneckRoad19thStreetSegment

Table46CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheLRT/BRTVSMF..27

Table47AreasNotFieldSurveyed.27

APPENDIX
AppendixA: NationalWetlandInventory/NaturalResourceConservationServiceDataMap
AppendixB: WetlandsFieldInvestigationMaps

ii

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Introduction

1.1.

Project History

In2008,theVirginiaGeneralAssemblypassedHouseBill6028,directingHamptonRoadsTransit(HRT)
tostudytheexpansionofTheTide(HRTsLightRailTransitSysteminNorfolk)eastwardtotheVirginia
Beachoceanfront.Incompliancewiththislegislation,theVirginiaBeachTransitExtensionStudy
(VBTES)wasinitiatedasthefirststeprequiredfortheFederalTransitAdministrations(FTA)NewStarts
Program,acompetitivefederalgrantprogramthatmayfundconstructionofthetransitextension.
ADraftEnvironmentalImpactStatement(DEIS)hasbeenpreparedfortheVBTES.TheDEISoutlinesthe
proposedpurposeandneedfortheprojectandexaminesbroadandspecificenvironmentalimpactsas
requiredbytheNationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct(NEPA)process.TheDEISlooksatimpactsincluding,
butnotlimitedto,physicalandnatural,social,cultural,andeconomic.
HRTretainedHDR,Inc.astheprimeengineeringandplanningfirmtoresearchandconducttheoverall
study.Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.(FHI),asasubcontractortoHDR,Inc.,investigatedanddocumented
existingwetlandresourcesintheVBTESCorridor.TheinitialfieldinvestigationoftheVBTESCorridor
wasconductedin2009.Aftercompletionofthefieldwork,theproposedprojectwasplacedonhold.In
2013,theprojectmovedforwardandfieldworkwasagainundertaken.Atthattime,theboundariesand
characteristicsofwetlandsthatwereinvestigatedin2009werereconfirmedinthefieldand
adjustmentsweremadeasappropriatebasedonthecurrentconditions.In2013,analignmentthat
wouldrunalongLaskinRoad,aswellaspotentialsitesforaVehicleStorageandMaintenanceFacility
(VSMF)wereconsidered.Afterthe2013fieldworkwasfinishedtheprojectlimitofdisturbance(LOD)
wasmodified.ThismodificationoftheLODresultedinareasthatwerenotfieldinvestigated.A
discussionoftheareasthatwerenotfieldinvestigatedisincludedinSection4.3.7.
ThisWetlandsFieldInvestigationReportpresentsthestudymethodology,aswellastheresultsof
fieldworkthatwasconductedtoidentify,map,anddescribewetlandslocatedwithintheVBTES
Corridor.Thefieldinvestigationeffortswereintendedtoassistprojectplanningbyidentifyingwetlands
withintheVBTESCorridor,asabasisforestimatingthemagnitudeofpotentialprojectimpactsforthe
DEIS.Thefieldinvestigationresultshavebeen,andwillcontinuetobe,usedbyprojectengineersand
plannersastheyrefinetheprojectalternativesandseekwaystoavoidand/orminimizeimpactsto
wetlandstothegreatestextentpossible.ThefieldinvestigationinformedtheVBTESrelativetohow
manywetlandsareintheVBTESCorridor,theirlocations,andtheircharacteristics.Additionalfield
surveywillberequiredforaJurisdictionalDetermination(JD)fromtheArmyCorpsofEngineers
(USACE).

1.2.

Proposed Transit Service

TheVBTESprojectinvolvesassessingtheenvironmentalimpactofvarioustransitalternativesincluding
bus,busrapidtransit(BRT),andlightrailtransit(LRT)fromtheeasternendofTheTideatNewtown
RoadeasterlytotheVirginiaBeachoceanfront.TheVBTESCorridorincludesalternativeroutes,station
locations,andapotentialsitefortheLRT/BRTVSMF.
TheVBTESisconsideringfourpotentialalternativealignments.Alternative1Aistheshortestalternative,
runningbetweenTheTidesNewtownRoadStationandTownCenter(ConstitutionDrive)ontheformer
NorfolkSouthernrailroad(NSRR)rightofway(ROW).Alternative1BfollowstheNSRRROWfromthe
NewtownRoadStationeasttoRosemontStation.Alternative2followstheformerNSRRROWfrom
NewtownRoadStationeasttoBirdneckRoadwhereitturnsnorthandthentravelson17thStreetand

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

19thStreettotheOceanfront.Alternative3followstheformerNSRRROWeastfromNewtownRoad
StationtoLaskinRoad.ItthenfollowsLaskinRoadeasttoBirdneckRoad,southto19thStreet,andeast
totheOceanfront.ThesealternativealignmentsarediscussedingreaterdetailintheDEIS.Aseriesof
transitstationswouldbedevelopedalongthealignment,manywithPark&Ridelots.Otherelementsof
constructionassociatedwiththeprojectincludereplacementofand/orextensionofexistingculvertsas
wellasthereplacementofexistingbridgestructurestoaccommodatetrackimprovements.Inaddition
tothealternativeroutesandtransitstations,theVSMFisproposedforasitenorthofNavalAirStation
(NAS)Oceana.

1.3.

VBTES Corridor Conditions

TheVBTESCorridorlieswithintheTidewaterregionoftheAtlanticCoastalPlain,whichhas
characteristicallyflattogentlyrollingtopography.TheCorridorfallswithintheChesapeakeBay
Watershed.InVirginiaBeach,threesecondarywatershedsmakeuptheChesapeakeBayprimary
watershed:theElizabethRiver,LittleCreek,andLynnhavenRiver.Ofthesewatersheds,theElizabeth
RiverandLynnhavenCreekwatershedsencompasstheVBTESCorridor.TheVBTESCorridoralsoruns
throughthenorthernlimitsoftheRudeeInlet/OwlsCreekWatershed;howevertherearenowater
bodieswithinthisportionoftheCorridor.Duringheavyrainevents,thegenerallyflattopographyand
lowelevationinrelationtosealevelimpedesstormwaterrunoff,therebycreatinginundatedconditions
withinandadjacenttotheVBTESCorridor.AccordingtoNaturalResourceConservationService(NRCS)
geographicinformationsystems(GIS)soilsdata(seefigureinAppendixA),mostoftheundeveloped
landareaintheVBTESCorridorisunderlainbyhydricsoils.Thisisduetotheseasonallyhighwatertable
andalackofnaturalsurfacedrainageresultingfromtheflattopographicconditions.
ForthepurposeoftheDEISandthisreport,theVBTESCorridorisbrokendownintofivesegmentsand
theLRT/BRTVSMF.TheNewtownRoadStationtoTownCentersegmentincorporatestheformerNSRR
ROWfromTheTidesNewtownRoadStationtotheproposedTownCenterStation.Therearenomajor
watercrossingsinthissegment.TheTownCenterStationtoRosemontStationsegmentincorporates
theformerNSRRROWfromtheproposedTownCenterStationtotheproposedRosemontStation.The
onlymajorwatercrossinginthissegmentisThaliaCreek.TheRosemontStationtoLondonBridgeCreek
segmentalsoisalsoentirelywithintheformerNSRRROW.Watercrossingsinthissegmentinclude
PinetreeBranchandLondonBridgeCreek.TheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviaNSSRROW
BirdneckRoad17thStreet19thStreetsegmentincludestheformerNSRRROWandcitystreets.The
onlywatercrossinginthissegmentisGreatNeckCreek.TheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontvia
LaskinRoadBirdneckRoad19thStreetsegmentfollowscityroads.Theonlywatercrossinginthis
segmentisUpperLinkhornBay.TheproposedsiteoftheLRT/BRTVSMFislocatedonthenorthsideof
PottersRoadandtheNSRRROW,northofNASOceana.Thesiteiswithinanareathatiscurrentlybeing
utilizedbytheCityofVirginiaBeachforstorageofsedimentanddebrisfromroadcleaningandstorm
events.

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Legal and Regulatory Context

2.1.

Federal Regulations

TheArmyCorpsofEngineers(USACE)isthefederalagencythatregulateswetlandsundertheClean
WaterAct(CWA)of1972(33USC1251etseq.).Theydefinewetlandsbasedonthepresenceof
hydrophyticvegetation,hydricsoils,andwetlandhydrologyasdefinedinthe1987USACEWetland
DelineationManual(TRY871).TheUSACEregulateswetlandsassociatedwithhydrologicfeatures
connectedtointerstatewaters(e.g.,connectedtostreamsthatultimatelydraintotheChesapeakeBay).
Thereisnowetlandbufferregulatedunderfederaljurisdiction.TheUSACEhasjurisdictionunderthe
CWAtoregulatethedischargeofdredgedorfillmaterialintoallwatersoftheUnitedStatesincluding
openwater,inlandwetlandsandtidalwetlands.Inordertoensureconsistencywithstatewetlandand
waterqualityrequirements,theissuanceofafederal404wetlandpermitbytheUSACEwillbe
conditionaluponissuanceofaStateWaterQualityCertificationinaccordancewith401oftheCWA.
AJurisdictionalDetermination(JD)isaformalletterthatisobtainedfromtheUSACEstatingthatthey
agreewiththeaccuracyofthefielddelineatedwetlandboundaryandindicatingwhethertheyregulate
awetland.AJDexpiresafterfiveyears;however,iftheUSACEiscontactedpriortotheexpirationdate
theJDmaybeextendedforanother5years.AJDfromtheUSACEidentifyingfederallyregulated
wetlandswouldbeneededinfuturestagesoftheprojectwhentheproposedactivitiesarebetter
known,andenvironmentalpermitsaresoughtforprojectconstruction.DuringtheFEIS,whenan
alternativehasbeenselectedandthedesignhasbeenadvanced,thecorridorwillbefielddelineated.

2.2.

State of Virginia Regulations

TheVirginiaDepartmentofEnvironmentalQuality(DEQ)regulatesactivitiesinstatewatersand
wetlandsunderSection401oftheCleanWaterAct(33U.S.C.1341),underStateWaterControlLaw
(CodeofVirginiaTitle62.1),andVirginiaAdministrativeCodeRegulations9VAC25210etseq.,9VAC25
660etseq.,9VAC25670etseq.,9VAC25680etseq.,and9VAC25690etseq.TheDEQdefineswetlands
usingadefinitionsimilartotheUSACEandallwetlandsthatareregulatedbytheUSACEwouldalsobe
regulatedbytheDEQ.
TheDEQdoesregulatesomeisolatedorhydrologicallyunconnectedwetlands;however,theydo
excludefromregulationcertainsmall,hydrologicallyisolatedwetlands.Theseexcludedwetlandsare
definedas:
Isolatedwetlandsofminimalecologicalvaluewhichmeansthosewetlandsthat:(i)donothave
asurfacewaterconnectiontootherstatewaters;(ii)arelessthanonetenthofanacre(0.10
acreor4,356squarefeet)insize;(iii)arenotlocatedinaFederalEmergencyManagement
Agencydesignated100yearfloodplain;(iv)arenotidentifiedbytheVirginiaNaturalHeritage
Programasarareorstatesignificantnaturalcommunity;(v)arenotforested;and(vi)donot
containlistedfederalorstatethreatenedorendangeredspecies.

2.3.

City of Virginia Beach Regulations

TheCityofVirginiaBeachregulateswetlandsasdefinedinArticle14(WetlandsZoningOrdinance)of
theCitysZoningOrdinance(CityCodeAppendixA).VegetatedwetlandsaredefinedintheWetlands
ZoningOrdinanceaslandslyingbetweenandcontiguoustomeanlowwater(MLW)andanelevation
abovemeanlowwaterequaltothefactoroneandonehalf(1)timesthemeantiderangeuponwhich
isgrowingtidalmarshvegetation.

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

TheCitysWetlandsBoardisresponsibleforreviewingrequestsforpermitsfortheuse,alteration,or
developmentofwetlands,coastalprimarysanddunes,andbeaches.TheBoard'sjurisdictionfornon
vegetatedwetlandsliesbetweenMLWandmeanhighwater(MHW);andforvegetatedwetlands,from
MLWtoanelevationoneandonehalftimesthemeantiderange.

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Wetlands Field Investigation Methodology

FieldinvestigationofthewetlandsintheVBTESCorridorwasconductedin2009and2013.Thefield
investigationwassupplementedbyaerialphotointerpretation.Theinvestigationoffreshwater
wetlandsin2009wasconductedaccordingtotheInterimRegionalSupplementtotheCorpsof
EngineersWetlandDelineationManual:AtlanticandGulfCoastalPlainRegion(USACE,October2008).
UseofthismanualbecamemandatoryinJanuary2009forallwetlanddelineationsconductedinthe
DistrictofColumbiaaswellasthe19states(includingVirginia)thatcomprisetheAtlanticandGulf
CoastalPlainregion.Theinterimregionalsupplementwasfinalizedin2010.The2013fieldworkwas
conductedinaccordancewithRegionalSupplementtotheCorpsofEngineersWetlandDelineation
Manual:AtlanticandGulfCoastalPlainRegion(Version2.0)(USACE,November2010).Thisapproach
requiresthathydricsoils,hydrology,andwetlandvegetationbepresentinorderforanareatobe
classifiedasafederallyregulatedwetland.Tidalwetlandinvestigationwasconductedbasedonthe
estimatedelevationofthehightidelineandextentoftidalwetlandvegetationinaccordancewith
USACErequirements.Asthedesignisprogressedinthepermittingstage,CityofVirginiaBeach
jurisdictionalareas,basedonMLWandMHWelevations,wouldbedetermined.
FHIsfieldinvestigationofwetlandsintheVBTESCorridorwasinitiallyconductedduringtheweeksof
September711andNovember26,2009,andfocusedsolelyonanalternativealignmentalongthe
formerNSRRROW.In2013,analternativealignmenttotheOceanfrontthroughtheHilltopareaand
locationsfortheLRT/BRTVSMFwereaddedtotheproject.Fieldworkwasundertakentoidentify
wetlandareasalongthesenewalternativealignments,aswellastoverifytheboundariesand
characteristicsofwetlandsthatwereinvestigatedin2009.Whereappropriate,identifiedwetland
boundarieswereadjustedbasedonthe2013conditions.The2013fieldworkwasconductedonApril15
19andSeptember911.
PriortoconductingthefieldworkFHIreviewedexistingGISwetlanddataandhardcopymaps.Data
sourcesconsultedincludedUSFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)NationalWetlandInventory(NWI)
mapsandNaturalResourceConservationService(NRCS)soilsdata(seeAppendixA).Thewetlandsthat
wereidentifiedbyFHIduringthefieldworkarealsoincludedonthesefigures.
Duringthefieldwork,FHIfieldscientistsevaluatedandnoteddominantwetlandvegetation,adjacent
landuses,hydrologicconnections,potentialwildlifehabitat,andwetlandfunctionsandvalues.Wetland
functionandvalueswereassessedaccordingtotheguidancesetforthintheWetlandsFunctionsand
Values:DescriptiveApproachdescribedintheSeptember1999(NAEEP360130a)supplementtoThe
HighwayMethodologyWorkbook(Supplement)bytheNewEnglandDivisionoftheUSACE.Field
sketchesofthewetlandboundarieswerealsodevelopedduringthewetlandsfieldinvestigation.
FHIcollectedpositionaldataforthewetlandflagsusingaGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)unitwithsub
meteraccuracy.Duringthefieldinvestigationeachwetlandwasgivenauniquenumericor
alphanumericlabel.Someoftheindividuallyidentifiedwetlandareasarecontiguousandformlarger
wetlandsystems,suchasthewetlandslocatedalongthebanksofThaliaCreek,LondonBridgeCreek,
GreatNeckCreekandUpperLinkhornBay.Somewetlandsmayalsoextendbeyondtheimmediate
VBTESCorridor;however,FHIswetlandfieldinvestigationandmappingshowsonlythatportionofthe
wetlandwithinthelimitofdisturbance(LOD).Thewetlandboundarymapsdepictingthewetlandsand
theirclassificationusingtheCowardinsystem(Cowardin,et.al.,1979)areincludedinAppendixB.A
USACEJDwasnotsolicitedfortheDEIS.DuringtheFEIS,whenanalternativehasbeenselectedandthe
projectdesignhasbeenadvancedanupdatedwetlanddelineationwillbeperformedandaJDwillbe
obtained.WetlandboundariesmaychangebasedontheupdateddelineationandJD.

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Wetland Descriptions and Classifications

Freshwater(Palustrine)wetlandsandtidal(Estuarine)wetlandsarepresentwithintheVBTESCorridor.
AsdefinedbythewetlandclassificationsystemdevelopedbytheUSFWS(Cowardinet.al.,1979),
Palustrinewetlandsystemsincludeallnontidalwetlandsdominatedbytrees,shrubs,emergents,
mosses,and/orlichens aswellasopenwaterareaswhichdonotqualifyaslacustrinewetlands.
Estuarinewetlandsystemsincludedeepwatertidalhabitatsandadjacenttidalwetlandswithlowenergy
andsalinitygreaterthan0.5partsperthousand(ppm),influencedandoftensemienclosedbyland.
ThecharacteristicsofthewetlandsintheVBTESCorridoraredescribedbelow,andindividualwetlands
referencedbyidentificationnumbersassignedduringthefieldinvestigation.Thelocationsofthe
wetlandsareshownonmappingincludedinAppendixB.Thewetlandsarefirstdiscussedbywetland
typeinSections4.1and4.2.Thewetlandsthatarewithineachalignmentsegmentarethendiscussedin
Section4.3.

4.1.

Freshwater Wetlands

Freshwater(Palustrine)wetlandsoccurthroughouttheVBTESCorridorandaretypicallylocatedin
undevelopedareasatalowerelevationthantheexistingraillineorcitystreets.Becauseofthelow
elevationofVirginiaBeachingeneral,slightelevationchangesinthelandscapeoftenresultinthe
occurrenceofwetlands.Therearenumerousnamedandunnamedstreamsandcreeks,allofwhichhave
associatedwetlands.Thewetlandvegetationclassifications(Cowardinet.al.1979)foundinthenon
tidalwetlandsincludesPalustrineEmergent(PEM),PalustrineScrubShrub(PSS),andPalustrine
Forested(PFO).ThePEMcovertypeischaracterizedbyerect,rooted,herbaceoushydrophytes,
excludingmossesandlichens.ThePSSwetlandcovertypeincludesareasthataredominatedbysaplings
andshrubsthattypicallyformalowandcompactstructurelessthan20feettall.ThePFOwetlandcover
typesaredominatedbytreesandshrubsthathavedevelopedatolerancetoaseasonalhighwater
table.Inordertobecharacterizedasforested,awetlandmustbedominatedbytreesandshrubsthat
areatleast20feettall.Forestedwetlandstypicallyhaveamaturetreecanopywhichcanhaveabroad
rangeofunderstoryandgroundcovercommunitycomponents.SomeofthewetlandsintheVBTES
Corridormaycontainmorethanonecovertype.
ToreflectthefunctionandecologicalintegrityofthewetlandsintheVBTESCorridor,eachwas
categorizedbyitsformand/orpositioninthelandscape.Wetlandfeaturestypicallyincludedisolated
depressions,lineardepressions,waterconveyancesystems,waterdetentionareas,andriparian.The
characteristicsofthesecategoriesaredescribedbelow,aswellasthewetlandsencompassedbythe
categoryandthecorrespondingwetlandvegetationclassifications.
4.1.1. Isolated Depressions
IsolateddepressionsintheVBTESCorridoraretypicallysmall,irregularlyshaped,lowlyingareas
adjacenttotheinactiverailline.Thesewetlandswereformedbyunnaturaldisturbanceswhichresultin
alocalizedloweringofthetopographyandarenothydrologicallyconnectedtostreams/riversorother
wetlands.TheonlyisolateddepressionwetlandidentifiedintheVBTESCorridoris#79.Thiswetlandis
classifiedasaPEMwetland.Thiswetlandisvegetatedwithrush(Juncusspp.),sedge(Carexspp.),mixed
wetlandgrasses(inthefamilyGramineae),andswamploosestrife(Decodonverticillatus).Theprimary
functionsandvaluesofisolateddepressionsaregroundwaterrechargeandtoalesserdegree,
sediment/toxicantretention.

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

4.1.2. Linear Depressions


LineardepressionsintheVBTESCorridoraretypicallylong,narrow,lowlyingareasthatrunparallelto
theformerrailline.ThesearebyfarthemostcommonwetlandtypefoundintheVBTESCorridorbut
varyconsiderablyintermsoftheirlengthandwidth.Theselineardepressionsareusuallylocatedatthe
baseoftheballastslopeoftheformerNSRRROWbutarealsofoundadjacenttocityroads(seeFigure
41).Becausetheyarefrequentlythelowestpointinthesurroundingtopographiclandscape,theyoften
collectdrainagefromnearbydevelopedareas.
Predominantvegetationconsistsofrushes,sedges,mixedwetlandgrasses,andswamploosestrife,but
oftenincludesavarietyofshrubsandtrees.Assuch,thewetlandvegetationclassificationsofthese
wetlandsincludePEM,PSS,PFO,oracombinationthereof.Thevegetationclassificationofseveralofthe
lineardepressionschangedbetweenthetimeofthe2009and2013fieldworkduetothecuttingand
removalofwoodyvegetationunderpowerlinerightofways.Evidenceofperiodicmowingof
herbaceousspecieswasalsoobservedinseveralofthelineardepressions.Mostofthelinear
depressionsdelineatedintheVBTESCorridorarenotconnectedtostreamsordrainagewaysandare
consideredhydrologicallyisolated.Theprimaryfunctionsandvaluesoftheselinearwetlandsare
groundwaterrechargeandsediment/toxicantretention.Wetlandsinthiscategoryinclude#2,7,9,11,
12,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,25A,25B,29,30,33,34,35,36,37,39,46,49,51,53,55,58,
59,60,60A,60B,61,62,63,65,70,71,80,81,82,and89,alongwithWetlandE.Figures41and42
belowarerepresentativeexamplesofthenumerouslinearwetlanddepressionsfoundalongtheformer
NSRRROW.
Figure 4-1: Linear Wetland Depression #61

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2013.

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study


Figure 4-2: Linear Wetland Depression #63

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

4.1.3. Water Conveyance Wetlands


Waterconveyancewetlandsaretypicallylong,narrow,channelizedareasthatflowparalleltothe
inactiverailline.Thesewetlandsareusuallylocatedjustbeyondthebaseoftheballastslopeinthe
formerNSRRROWandareformedbyregulardrainageandflowpatternsalongthebaseoftheslopeof
therailline.Thewaterconveyancewetlands,unlikemostofthelineardepressionwetlands,are
connectedtootherwetlandsorwaterwaysandconveystormwaterflowstoreceivingwatersonoroff
theVBTESCorridor.
WetlandvegetationclassificationsofthesewetlandsincludePEM,PSS,PFO,oracombinationthereof
(e.g.whenawetlandhasdistinctareaswithdifferentvegetation).DominantPEMvegetationincludes
rushesand,sedges.DominantPFOandPSSvegetation(withtreespeciesappearingassaplingsinthe
PSSwetlands)includesweetgum(Liquidambarstyraciflua)andredmaple(Acerrubrum).Thevegetation
classificationofseveralofthewaterconveyancewetlandschangedbetweenthetimeofthe2009and
2013fieldworkduetothecuttingandremovalofwoodyvegetationunderpowerlineROWs.Evidence
ofperiodicmowingofherbaceousspecieswasalsoobservedinseveralofthewaterconveyance
wetlands.Theprimaryfunctionsofthesewetlandsaregroundwaterrecharge,sediment/toxicant
retention,seasonalshellfishhabitat(ascrayfishburrowswereobserved),andshorelinestabilization.
Thereare22wetlandsinthiscategoryandinclude#1,3,5,6,8,10,13,24,25,26,27,28,45,49A,54,
56,78,85,86,90,WetlandI,andWetlandJ.Representativeexamplesofwaterconveyancesystem
wetlandsaredepictedinFigures43and44.

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Figure 4-3: Water Conveyance Wetland #90

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

Figure 4-4: Water Conveyance Wetland #45

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

4.1.4. Water Detention Areas


Wetlandsinthewaterdetentioncategoryaretypicallyoblong,depressedareasthatareperpendicular
totheVBTESCorridorandincludeconstructedstormwaterbasins.Thesewetlandstypicallyreceive
stormwaterrunoffandotherdrainageflowsfromsourcesbeyondtheimmediatestudyarea,inaddition
torunofffromtheVBTESCorridor.Theyretainthewaterinabasinandgraduallyconveyitviaculverts
tootherwetlandsorwatercourses.Predominantvegetationwithinthesewetlandsincludesrushes,
9

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

sedges,andmixedwetlandgrasses,oftensurroundedbytreesandshrubs.Becauseoftherangein
vegetativecovertypes,thewetlandvegetationclassificationsofthesewetlandsincludePEM,PSS,PFO,
oracombinationofthesewetlandtypes.Severalofthestormwaterbasinswerenotedasbeing
vegetatedwithshrubsduringthespring2013fieldwork,butthewoodyvegetationaswellas
herbaceousvegetationwasobservedbeingremovedatsomebasinsaspartoftheperiodicmaintenance
duringthefall2013fieldwork.Theprimaryfunctionsandvaluesofthewaterdetentionwetlandsare
groundwaterrecharge,floodflowalteration,sediment/toxicantretention,fishandseasonalshellfish
habitat(crayfishburrowswereobserved).Wetlandsinthiscategoryinclude#4,32andWetlandFalong
withthefourstormwaterbasins.Wetlands#4and#32areshowninFigures45and46below.
StormwaterbasinsSB1,SB2andSB3arelocatedsouthofParkerLaneonthesouthsideofLowes.
StormwaterbasinSB4islocatedonthesouthsideofLaskinRoad.Wetland#32,WetlandFandthe
stormwaterbasinsarehydrologicallyconnectedtostreams.StormwaterbasinsSB1andSB4areshown
inFigures47and48below.
Figure 4-5: Water Detention Wetland #4

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

Figure 4-6: Water Detention Wetland #32

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

10

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Figure 4-7: Stormwater Basin SB-1

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2013.

Figure 4-8: Stormwater Basin SB-4

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2013.

4.1.5. Riparian
FreshwaterriparianwetlandswithintheVBTESCorridoraretypicallyfloodplainareasalongastreamor
creek.Theyoftenformbuffersbetweenthestreamorcreekandanadjacenthighlyurbanizedsetting.
ThesewetlandsextendbeyondtheVBTESCorridor,usuallyconnectingtoripariantidalwetlandsatsome
pointdownstream.
VegetationintheriparianwetlandsrangesfromPFOnearforestedinlandstoPEMclosertothestreams.
Characteristictreespeciesincludesweetgumandredmaple.CharacteristicPEMvegetationiscommon
reed(Phragmitesaustralis).TherearealsoPSSwetlandsandwetlandswithacombinationofvegetation
classes.OneofthelargerriparianwetlandswithintheVBTESCorridorisGreatNeckCreek.Thiscreek
flowsperpendiculartotheVBTESCorridorandthroughamixofforest,shrub,andcommonreedjust
westofBirdneckRoad.ItisclassifiedasPFO/PSS/PEM(seeFigure410below).Theprimaryfunctionsof
riparianwetlandsaregroundwaterrecharge,floodflowalteration,fishandshellfishhabitat,and

11

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

shorelinestabilization.Wetlandsinthiscategoryinclude#31,75,76,77,78,87,and88.Figures49and
410belowarerepresentativeexamplesoffreshwaterripariansystemsfoundalongtheVBTESCorridor.

Figure 4-9: Freshwater Riparian Wetland #88

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

Figure 4-10: Freshwater Riparian Wetland #75

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

4.2.

Tidal Wetlands

Tidal(Estuarine)wetlandsystemsincludedeepwatertidalhabitatsandadjacenttidalwetlandswithlow
energyandsalinitygreaterthan0.5partsperthousand(ppt)(Cowardinet.al.,1979).Thetidalwetlands
intheVBTESCorridoroccurinassociationwithtwotidalcreekscrossedbytheformerNSRRROW.The
twotidalcreeksareThaliaCreekthatislocatedeastofIndependenceBoulevardandLondonBridge
CreekthatislocatedneartheLynnhavenParkway.TidalwetlandsalsooccurinassociationwithLaskin
RoadcrossingofUpperLinkhornBay.Thewetlandsarethusriparianinnature,forminglinearbandsof
vegetationalongthecreeks.Thevegetationinthesewetlandsshowszonationofthelowandhigh
marsh,dominatedbysmoothcordgrass(Spartinaalterniflora),andsaltmeadowcordgrass(Spartina
patens),respectively.ThesetidalwetlandsareclassifiedasEstuarineEmergent(E2EM),withcreek
bottomsclassifiedasEstuarineUnconsolidatedBottom(E1UBL).Theassessedfunctionsandvaluesof

12

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

thesewetlandsincludegroundwaterrecharge,floodflowalteration,fishandshellfishhabitat,shoreline
stabilization,andaesthetics.
WetlandareasassociatedwiththeThaliaCreekare#38,40,43,and44.Wetlandsassociatedwith
LondonBridgeCreekare#66,67,68,and69.WetlandsassociatedwithUpperLinkhornBayare
WetlandGandWetlandH.Figures411,412,413and414belowarerepresentativeexamplesofthe
tidalwetlandsintheVBTESCorridor.
Figure 4-11: Riparian Tidal Wetland #44 (Thalia Creek)

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

Figure 4-12: Thalia Creek Crossing

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

13

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Figure 4-13: Riparian Tidal Wetland #69 (London Bridge Creek)

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2009.

Figure 4-14: Upper Linkhorn Bay Crossing

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2013.

4.3.

Description of Wetlands by Segment

Thefollowingprovidesadescriptionofthewetlandsfoundineachofthefivealignmentsegments
withintheVBTESCorridor.AdescriptionoftheproposedsiteoftheLRT/BRTVSMFisalsopresentedin
thissection.Thearea,category,NWIclassification,dominantvegetation,andfunctionsandvaluesof
eachwetlandaresummarizedbyalignmentsegmentinTables41,42,43,44,45and46.Forthe
purposeofthewetlandsinvestigation,thearea(acres)ofthewetlandswithintheVBTESCorridor
correspondstotheproposedLODforeachalignmentsegment.Therefore,theareaofthewetlandsin
Tables41,42,43,44,4.5and46onlyincludestheportionofthewetlandthatiswithintheLOD.It
shouldalsobenotedthattheLODwasmodifiedafterthefieldworkwascompletedandthatthereare
someareasthatwerenotfieldinvestigated.TheseadditionalareasarediscussedinSection4.3.7.

14

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

4.3.1. Newtown Road Station to Town Center Station along the former NSRR ROW
(Alternatives 1A, 1B, 2 and 3)
The Newtown Road Station to Town Center alignment segment incorporates the former NSRR ROW
fromTheTidesNewtownStationtotheTownCenterStationatConstitutionDrive.Morethanhalf(24)
ofthewetlandsinthissegmentarelineardepressionsand12arewaterconveyancewetlands.Mostof
the linear depressions and water conveyance wetlands are vegetated with herbaceous species (PEM)
withsomealsohavingashrubcomponent(PSS).Wetland#31isassociatedwiththenontidal(riparian)
portion of Thalia Creek. Additionally, there is one water detention wetland delineated within this
segment.
Table41CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheNewtownRoadStationtoTownCenterSegment
Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

Wetland
Category

001

0.214

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Yes

PSS/PEM

Liquidambar
styraciflua,Cornus
amomum,Decodon
verticillatus

002

0.026

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

Panicumvirgatum

003

0.003

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Yes

PSS

Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Baccharishalimifolia

0.065

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

006

0.026

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Yes

PFO

007

0.023

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

008

0.018

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PEM

009

0.036

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

010

0.479

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PSS/PEM

Wetland
ID

005

Continues
offSite

No

NWI
Classification

PSS/PEM

15

Dominant
Vegetation

Panicumvirgatum,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Salixspp.,
Baccharishalimifolia
Rosamultiflora,
Albiziajulibrissin,
Liquidambar
styraciflua
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.,Decodon
verticillatus,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.,Polygonumspp.,
Decodonverticillatus,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Typhalatifolia,
Cornussericea
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.,Decodon
verticillatus
Panicumvirgatum,
Salixspp.,Morella
cerifera

FunctionsandValues
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Wetland
ID

Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

Wetland
Category

Continues
offSite

NWI
Classification

Dominant
Vegetation
Juncusspp.,Decodon
verticillatus,Lonicera
japonica
Rosamultiflora,
Panicumvirgatum,
Polygonumspp.
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Salixspp.,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Morella
cerifera,Panicum
virgatum
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Symphyotrichumspp.,
Polygonumspp.,
Agrostisgigantean
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Smilax
rotundifolia,Lonicera
japonica
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Phragmitesaustralis,
Cyperusesculentus,
Polygonumspp.
Panicumvirgatum,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Sassafras
albidum,Acerrubrum
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Cyperusesculentus,
Polygonumspp.
Verbenahastata,
Carexspp.,Juncus
spp.,
Panicumvirgatum,
Agrostisgigantean
Panicumvirgatum,
Verbenahastata,
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.,Apocynum
cannabinum,
Polygonumspp.,
Symphyotrichumspp.

011

0.003

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

012

0.101

Linear
Depression

No

PSS/PEM

013

0.240

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PSS/PEM

014

0.176

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

015

0.005

Linear
Depression

No

PFO

016

0.046

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

017

0.180

Linear
Depression

No

PFO

018

0.005

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

019

0.025

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

020

0.015

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

021

0.026

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

022

0.016

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

Panicumvirgatum,
Cornussericea

023

0.007

Linear

No

PEM

Panicumvirgatum,

16

FunctionsandValues
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization

Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Wetland
ID

Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

Wetland
Category

Continues
offSite

NWI
Classification

Depression

Dominant
Vegetation
Agrostisgigantean

024

0.305

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PEM

Polygonumspp.

025

0.079

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PEM

Typhalatifolia,
Polygonumspp.

025A

0.020

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

Polygonumspp.

025B

0.013

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

Polygonumspp.

PSS/PEM

Lonicerajaponica,
Baccharishalimifolia,
Morellacerifera,
Polygonum
pensylvanicum,
Echinochloawalteri

0.287

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

027

0.270

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PEM

Polygonum
pensylvanicum,
Echinochloawalteri

028

0.175

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PEM

Polygonum
pensylvanicum,
Echinochloawalteri

029

0.087

Linear
Depression

Yes

PSS/PEM

030

0.056

Linear
Depression

No

PSS/PEM

026

No

031

0.150

Riparian
(Thalia
Creek)

Yes

PSS/PEM

032

0.124

Water
Detention
Area

Yes

PEM

Salixspp.,Lonicera
japonica,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani
Lonicerajaponica,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Acer
rubrum,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Polygonumspp.
Albiziajulibrissin,
Liquidambar
styracifluaBaccharis
halimifolia,Morella
cerifera,Polygonum
spp.,Panicum
virgatum
Carexspp.,
Polygonumspp.

17

FunctionsandValues
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater recharge,
Sediment
retention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwater recharge,
Sediment
retention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwater recharge,
Sediment
retention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwater recharge,
Sediment
retention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwater recharge,
Sediment
retention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwater recharge,
Sediment
retention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat

Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,
Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,
Sediment/Toxicant

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study


Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

Wetland
ID

Wetland
Category

Continues
offSite

NWI
Classification

033

0.001

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

034

0.005

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

035

0.097

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

036

0.132

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

037

0.045

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

Source:
Notes:

Dominant
Vegetation

Lonicera
japonica,
Verbena
hastata,
Rosamultiflora
Agrostis
gigantea,
Verbena
hastata,
Juncusspp.
Juncus spp., Carex
spp., Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Panicumvirgatum
Juncus spp., Carex
spp., Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Panicumvirgatum

FunctionsandValues
retention,Seasonal
shellfishhabitat
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Groundwaterrecharge,
Juncus spp., Decodon
Sediment/Toxicant
verticillatus
retention

Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.2009and2013
AcreageofwetlandwithinthelimitsoftheVBTESCorridor.

4.3.2. Town Center to Rosemont Station along the former NSRR ROW (Alternatives 1B, 2
and 3)
TheTownCentertoRosemontStationalignmentsegmentincorporatestheformerNSRRROWfromthe
proposed Town Center Station at Constitution Drive to the proposed Rosemont Station. Three of the
wetlandsinthissegmentarelineardepressionsandtwoarewaterconveyancewetlands.Mostofthe
lineardepressionsandwaterconveyancewetlandsarevegetatedwithherbaceousspecies(PEM)with
somealsohavingashrubcomponent(PSS).Someofthelargestwetlandswithinthissegmentarethose
associatedwiththetidal(riparian)portionofThaliaCreek(#38,40,43,and44).Measuringthetypical
channelwidth,thecreekisapproximately75feetwideattheformerNSRRROW.Therearesomewider
tidalmarshareasbothupstreamanddownstream,buttheareaoftidalmarshvegetationimmediately
at the crossing is relatively narrow. The tidal marsh vegetation consists of native species as well as
invasivespeciessuchascommonreed.
Table42CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheTownCentertoRosemontStationSegment

Wetland
ID

Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

Wetland
Category

038

0.444

Tidal
Wetlands
(Thalia
Creek)

039

0.018

Linear
Depression

Continues
offSite

NWI
Classification

Dominant
Vegetation

Yes

PEM/PSS/E2EM

Spartinaalterniflora

No

PSS/PEM

Rorippapalustris,
Juncusspp.,Juncus
spp.,Carexspp.

18

FunctionsandValues
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,
Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study


Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

Wetland
ID

Wetland
Category

Continues
offSite

NWI
Classification

Dominant
Vegetation

0.163

Tidal
Wetlands
(Thalia
Creek)

No

PEM/PSS/E2EM

Spartinaalterniflora

0.211

Tidal
Wetlands
(Thalia
Creek)

Yes

E2EM/PEM

Spartinaalterniflora

0.107

Tidal
Wetlands
(Thalia
Creek)

Yes

E2EM

Spartinaalterniflora

045

0.218

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Yes

PSS/PEM

046

0.068

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

049

0.103

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

049A

0.257

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Yes

PEM

040

043

044

Source:
Notes:

Liquidambar
styraciflua,
Phragmitesaustralis,
Baccharishalimifolia
Carexspp.,
Phragmitesaustralis,
Juncusspp.,Decodon
verticillatus,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Typhalatifolia,
Symphyotrichumspp.,
Polygonumspp.
Carexspp.,Juncus
spp.,Decodon
verticillatus,
Polygonumspp.
Carexspp.,Juncus
spp.,Decodon
verticillatus,
Polygonumspp.

FunctionsandValues
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,
Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,
Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,
Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization

Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.2009and2013
AcreageofwetlandwithinthelimitsoftheVBTESCorridor.

4.3.3. Rosemont Station to London Bridge Creek along the former NSRR ROW (Alternatives
2 and 3)
Atotalof17wetlandsweredelineatedintheRosemontStationtoLondonBridgeCreeksegment.For
thepurposesofthisdiscussion,theentirewetlandsystemassociatedwithLondonBridgeCreekis
discussedinthissection.Ofthese17wetlands,11arelineardepressionsand2arewaterconveyance
wetlands.Mostofthelineardepressionsandwaterconveyancewetlandsarevegetatedwith
herbaceousspecies(PEM)althoughsomeshrubspeciesarealsopresentinsomeofthewetlands.The
largestwetlandswithinthisalignmentsegmentarethetidalwetlandsthatareassociatedwithLondon

19

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

BridgeCreek.Thewidthofthecreekundertheexistingrailwaybridgeisabout115feetdueto
embankmentsthatextendintothefloodplain.Immediatelysouthofthebridge,thecreekisabout200
feetwide;immediatelynorth,itisabout150feetwide. Thereisarelativelynarrowareaofnative
saltmarshvegetationalongtheshorelineofLondonBridgeCreekattheformerNSRRROWcrossing.
Table43 CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheRosemontStationtoLondonBridgeCreekSegment
Total
Wetland
Wetland
Area
ID
(ac)a

Wetland
Category

Continues
NWI
offSite Classification

DominantVegetation
Lonicerajaponica,
Agrostisgigantea,
Polygonumspp.,Rorippa
palustris
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,Carex
spp.,Morella
pensylvanica,Lonicera
japonica
Platanusoccidentalis,
Morellapensylvanica,
Polygonum
hydropiperoides

051

0.019

Linear
Depression

053

0.039

Linear
Depression

054

0.061

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Yes

PFO

055

0.148

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

056

0.246

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

No

PSS/PEM

058

0.036

Linear
Depression

No

PSS/PEM

059

0.206

Linear
Depression

Yes

PSS/PEM

060A

0.183

Linear
Depression

No

PFO/PSS

060B

0.233

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

Typhalatifolia,
Arundinariagigantean

061

0.227

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

Carexspp.,Juncusspp.,
Decodonverticillatus,
Polygonumspp.

062

0.012

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

Carexspp.,Juncusspp.,
Decodonverticillatus

063

0.033

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

065

0.064

Linear
Depression

No

PEM

No

PEM

No

PEM

Panicumvirgatum
Panicumvirgatum,
Phragmitesaustralis,
Echinochloawalteri,
Morellapensylvanica
Carexspp.,Juncusspp.,
Decodonverticillatus,
Polygonumspp.
Acernegundo,Panicum
virgatum,Phragmites
australis,Acerrubrum
Typhalatifolia,Acer
negundo,Lonicera
japonica,Acerrubrum,
Arundinariagigantean

Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Polygonumspp.,Carex
spp.,Juncusspp.
Typhalatifolia,
Phragmitesaustralis,
Arundinariagigantea,

20

FunctionsandValues

Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sedimentretention,
Seasonalshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwaterrecharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study


Total
Wetland
Wetland
Area
ID
(ac)a

Wetland
Category

Continues
NWI
offSite Classification

DominantVegetation

FunctionsandValues

Panicumvirgatum

066

0.254

067

0.143

068

0.033

069

0.312

Source:
Notes:

Tidal
Wetlands
(London
Bridge
Creek)
Tidal
Wetlands
(London
Bridge
Creek)
Tidal
Wetlands
(London
Bridge
Creek)
Tidal
Wetlands
(London
Bridge
Creek)

Yes

E2EM/PEM

Spartinaalterniflora,
Spartinapatens

Yes

E2EM

Spartinaalterniflora,
Spartinapatens,Morella
pensylvanica

Yes

E2EM

Spartinaalterniflora,
Spartinapatens

Yes

E2EM

Spartinaalterniflora,
Spartinapatens

Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,Aesthetics
Groundwaterrecharge,
Floodflowalteration,Fish
andshellfishhabitat,
Shorelinestabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,Aesthetics

Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.2009and2013
AcreageofwetlandwithinthelimitsoftheVBTESCorridor.

4.3.4. London Bridge Creek to Oceanfront via former NSRR ROW Birdneck Road 17th
Street 19th Street (Alternative 2)
Atotalof16wetlandsweredelineatedintheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviatheformerNSSR
ROWBirdneckRoad17thStreet19thStreetsegment.Ofthese16wetlands,6arelineardepressions,
4arewaterconveyancewetlandsand1isanisolateddepression.Mostofthesewetlandsarea
combinationofforested(PFO)andshrub(PSS)withherbaceousspeciesalsobeingpresent.Wetland078
islargestwetlandwiththisalignmentsegment.Thiswetlandisariparianwetlandthatisassociatedwith
unnamedstreamslocatedtothewestandeastoftheLRT/BRTVSMF.Therearealsoriparianwetlands
associatedwithGreatNeckCreek.Forestedandemergent(PEM)wetlandscontainingbothnativeand
nonnativespeciesborderGreatNeckCreekatthelocationofthecrossing.ThePEMwetlandsalong
GreatNeckCreekaredominatedbytheinvasivespeciescommonreed.Wetland#75,76and77were
delineatedbytheUSACEaspartoftheirfielddelineationofallwetlandsontheNASOceanaproperty
andarethereforefederallyregulatedwetlands.
Table44CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviaformerNSRR
ROWBirdneckRoad17thStreet19thStreetSegment

Wetland
ID
070

Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a
0.059

Wetland
Category

Linear
Depression

Continues
offSite

Yes

NWI
Classification

PFO/PSS

21

Dominant
Vegetation
Robinia
pseudoacacia,Acer
rubrum,Salixspp.,
Arundinaria
gigantea,

Functionsand
Values
Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Wetland
ID

071

075b

Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

0.121

0.028

Wetland
Category

Linear
Depression

Riparian

Continues
offSite

No

Yes

NWI
Classification

PSS/PEM

PFO/PSS

076b

0.004

Riparian

Yes

PFO/PSS

077b

0.023

Riparian

Yes

PFO/PSS

1.057

Riparianand
Water
Conveyance
Wetland

0.028

Isolated
Depression

0.041

Linear
Depression

078

079

080

Yes

Yes

No

PFO/PSS/PEM

PFO/PSS

PFO

22

Dominant
Vegetation
Phragmites
australis,
Morellacerifera
Acerrubrum,Acer
negundo,Robinia
pseudoacacia,
Typhalatifolia,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani
Albiziajulibrissin,
Acerrubrum,
Phragmites
australis,Smilax
rotundifolia
Acerrubrum,
Phragmites
australis,Smilax
rotundifolia,
Morella
pensylvanica,
Morellacerifera
Albiziajulibrissin,
Acerrubrum,
Phragmites
australis,Smilax
rotundifolia,
Liquidambar
styraciflua
Solidagospp.,
Morella
pensylvanica,Rosa
multiflora,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Panicum
virgatum,
Arundinaria
gigantea,Acer
rubrum,
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Echinochloawalteri,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Daucus
carota
Liquidambar
styraciflua,
Apocynum
cannabinum,Salix
spp.

Functionsand
Values

Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,Fishand
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization,
Wildlifehabitat
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,Fishand
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization,
Wildlifehabitat
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,Fishand
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization,
Wildlifehabitat

Groundwater
recharge,Sediment
retention,Seasonal
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization

Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Wetland
ID

Total
Wetland
Area
(ac)a

Wetland
Category

Continues
offSite

NWI
Classification

Dominant
Vegetation

No

PEM

Phragmites
australis,Rorippa
palustris

No

PEM

Carexspp.,Juncus
spp.

PFO/PSS

Phragmites
australis,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Morella
pensylvanica

PFO/PSS

Phragmites
australis,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Acer
rubrum

PFO/PSS/PEM

Phragmites
australis,Morella
pensylvanica,Acer
rubrum

081

0.041

Linear
Depression

082

0.048

Linear
Depression

0.414

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

0.031

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

0.340

Riparian
(GreatNeck
Creek)

088

0.768

Riparian
(GreatNeck
Creek)

Yes

PEM

Phragmites
australis,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani,
Panicumvirgatum

089

0.040

Linear
Depression

Yes

PEM

Panicumvirgatum,
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.

0.026

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

PEM

Panicumvirgatum,
Juncusspp.,Carex
spp.,Polygonum
spp.

085

086

087

090
Source:
Notes:

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Functionsand
Values
Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,Sediment
retention,Seasonal
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization
Groundwater
recharge,Sediment
retention,Seasonal
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,Fishand
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization,
Wildlifehabitat
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,Fishand
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization,
Wildlifehabitat
Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.2009and2013

a
AcreageofwetlandwithinthelimitsoftheVBTESCorridor.
b
WetlandonNASOceanathatwasdelineatedbytheUSACE.
c

ThesouthportionofWetland078iswithinthisalignmentsegmentandthenorthportionisintheLRT/BRTVSMF.

4.3.5. London Bridge Creek to Oceanfront via Laskin Road Birdneck Road 19th Street
(Alternative 3)
TheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviaLaskinRoadBirdneckRoad19thStreetsegmentfollows
cityroadswithinahighlydevelopedarea.Atotalof10wetlandsweredelineatedinthisalignment
segmentofwhichfourarestormwaterbasins.Ofthese10wetlands,oneisalineardepressionandtwo

23

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

arewaterconveyancewetlands.Thelargestwetlandswithinthisalignmentsegmentarethetidal
wetlandsthatareassociatedwithUpperLinkhornBay.Thewidthofthebayisapproximately100feet
wideattheLaskinRoadcrossing,anditwidensoutnorthandsouthofthebridge.Thereisarelatively
narrowareaofsaltmarshvegetationalongtheshorelineofUpperLinkhornBayattheLaskinRoad
crossing.Thetidalmarshvegetationconsistsofbothnativespeciesaswellasinvasivespeciessuchas
commonreed.Therearealsofivewaterdetentionareasofwhichfourareconstructedstormwater
basins(SB1,SB2,SB3andSB4).

Table45CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviaLaskinRoad
BirdneckRoad19thStreetSegment
Total
Wetland Wetland
ID
Area(ac)a
E

0.308

0.105

0.021

SB1

Wetland
Category
Linear
Depression

Water
Detention
Area

Tidal
Wetlands
(Upper
Linkhorn
Bay)

0.218

Tidal
Wetlands
(Upper
Linkhorn
Bay)

0.023

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Continues
offSite

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

NWI
Classification

PEM

PUB/PFO/PSS

E2EM

E2EM

PFO

0.192

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Yes

PEM

0.090

Water
Detention

No

PUB/PEM

24

Dominant
Vegetation
Juncuseffusus,
Typhalatifolia
Acerrubrum,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,Nyssa
sylvatica,Clethra
alnifolia,Juncus
effusus,Decodon
verticillatus
Spartina
alterniflora,
Phragmites
australis,
Solidago
sempervirens,
Baccharis
halimifolia
Spartina
alterniflora,
Spartinapatens,
Phragmites
australis,
Solidago
sempervirens,
Baccharis
halimifolia
Liquidambar
styraciflua,
Juncuseffusus

Functionsand
Values
Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention,Wildlife
habitat
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,Fishand
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,
Aesthetics
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,Fishand
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization,
Wildlifehabitat,
Aesthetics
Groundwater
recharge,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Typhalatifolia,
Juncuseffusus,
Groundwater
Polygonumsp.,
recharge,
Schoenoplectus
Sediment/Toxicant
tabernaemontani, retention,Fish
Toxicodendron
habitat
radicans
Typhalatifolia,
Groundwater
Juncuseffusus,
recharge,Floodflow

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study


Total
Wetland Wetland
ID
Area(ac)a

Wetland
Category

Continues
offSite

NWI
Classification

Area

0.048

Water
Detention
Area

No

PUB/PEM

SB3

0.159

Water
Detention
Area

No

PUB/PEM

SB4

0.006

Water
Detention
Area

Yes

PUB/PEM

SB2

Source:
Notes:

Dominant
Vegetation

Functionsand
Values

Polygonumsp.,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani
Typhalatifolia,
Juncuseffusus,
Polygonumsp.,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani
Typhalatifolia,
Juncuseffusus,
Polygonumsp.,
Schoenoplectus
tabernaemontani

alteration,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention
Groundwater
recharge,Floodflow
alteration,
Sediment/Toxicant
retention

Juncuseffusus

Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.2009and2013
AcreageofwetlandwithinthelimitsoftheVBTESCorridor.

a
b

thevegetationwithinstormwaterbasinsSB1,SB2andSB3thatarelocatedbehindLoweswasbeingremovedaspartof
maintenanceactivitiesduringthefall2013fieldinvestigation

4.3.6. LRT/BRT VSMF (Alternatives 2 and 3)


The proposed LRT/BRT VSMF site is located on property owned by the City of Virginia Beach north of
PottersRoadbetweenLondonBridgeRoadandFirstColonialRoad.TheLRT/BRTVSMFsiteisshownin
Figures 415 and 416. The sites prior uses were as a borrow pit for construction of what is now
Interstate264,thenlaterasalandfillfordredgedmaterialandtemporarystorageofstormdebrisand
othermaterials.Thecentralportionofthissiteishighlydisturbedwherethedebrisandsoilareactively
beingdepositedandmovedaround.Onewetlandwasidentifiedaroundtheeastperimeterofthisarea,
consisting of a water conveyance wetland that is a combination of PFO, PSS and PEM wetlands. The
southernportionofthiswetlandextendsintotheLondonBridgeCreektoOceanfrontviaNSRRROW
BirdneckRoad17thStreet19thStreetalignmentsegment.Approximately0.17acresofthiswetland
(#78)iswithintheVSMFsite.ThenorthernportionoftheVSMFsite(approximately20acres)hasnot
beenfieldinvestigated.Basedonaerialphotographyinvestigation,itappearsadditionalwetlandsmay
bepresentinthisarea.DuringtheFEIS,whenanalternativehasbeenselectedandthedesignhasbeen
advanced,thewetlandboundarieswillbefielddelineatedandaJDobtained.

25

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Figure415:LRT/BRTVSMFSite

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2013.

Figure416:LRT/BRTVSMFSite

Source:Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.,2013.

26

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Table46CharacteristicsofWetlandswithintheLRT/BRTVSMF
Total
Wetland Wetland
ID
Area(ac)a

078b

Source:
Notes:

0.174

Wetland
Category

Water
Conveyance
Wetland

Continues
offSite

Yes

NWI
Classification

Dominant
Vegetation
Solidagospp.,
Morella
pensylvanica,
Rosamultiflora,
Liquidambar
styraciflua,
Panicum
virgatum,
Arundinaria
gigantea,Acer
rubrum

PFO/PSS/PEM

Functionsand
Values

Groundwater
recharge,Sediment
retention,Seasonal
shellfishhabitat,
Shoreline
stabilization

Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.2013

a
AcreageofwetlandwithinthelimitsoftheVBTESCorridor.
b

ThenorthportionofWetland078iswithintheLRT/BRTVSMFandthesouthportioniswithintheLondonBridgeCreekto
th
th
OceanfrontviaNSSRROWBirdneckRoad17 Street19 Streetsegment

4.3.7 Areas Not Field Surveyed


Afterthe2013fieldworkwasfinishedtheprojectLODwasmodified.ThismodificationoftheLOD
resultedinareasthathavenotbeenfieldinvestigated.Thelocation,approximateareaandlandusein
theareasnotsurveyedaresummarizedinTable47.
Table47AreasNotFieldSurveyed
LocationofAreaNotSurveyed

NorthernportionofLRT/BRTVSMF

ApproximateArea
(acres)

DescriptionofAreaNotSurveyed

20

AreausedbyCityforstorageofsedimentandroadcleaning
debris.Woodlandsaroundperimeter.

AreabetweenPottersRoadand
LRT/BRTVSMF

0.75

Dirtroad,woodlandandopengrassyarea

PrincessAnneRoadCrossingof
NSRRROW

0.05

Pavedroad

NorthendofSouthLowtherDrive,
northofNSRRROW

0.17

Woodland,building,dirtparkingarea

EastofThaliaCreek,northofNSRR
ROW

0.08

Woodland,grassyarea

NorthPlazaTrailcrossing,northof
NSRRROW

0.30

Pavedroad,grassmedian

IntersectionofSouthernBoulevard
andSouthBirdneckRoad

0.11

Residentiallotandpavedroad

WestofNorthGreatNeckRoadand
southofVirginiaBeachBoulevard

2.75

Woodland,commercialbuildings,parkinglotandVirginia
BeachBoulevard

27

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

LocationofAreaNotSurveyed
NorthendofNorthBirdneckRoad,
eastside

ApproximateArea
(acres)
5

WestsideofNorthBirdneckRoad,
northofBluebirdDrive

0.50

WestsideofNorthBirdneckRoad

0.9

Source:

DescriptionofAreaNotSurveyed

commercialbuildings,pavedroadandparkinglots

Residentiallots
Parkinglot

Fitzgerald&Halliday,Inc.2013

28

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

Next Steps

AJDfromtheUSACEisnotwarrantedfortheNEPADEISsincetheDEISisaplanningphaseanddoesnot
requirethesamelevelofdetailasprojectpermitting.AJDisvalidforaperiodoffiveyears.However,if
arequestismadetotheUSACEpriortothefiveyearexpirationdatetheJDmaybeextendedforan
additional5years.Hencethiswetlandfieldinvestigationwasorientedforthepurposesofcollecting
comprehensivedatarelativetothenumberandlocationofwetlandsfortheDEISandnotdocumenting
eachwetlandindetailforthepurposesofaJDandprojectpermitting.
Forthepurposesofenvironmentalpermitting,aJDwillneedtobeobtained.Itstimingshoulddepend
uponthescheduleforprojectdesignandconstruction,toaccountfortheperiodoftimethattheJDis
validfor.Futurestepsnecessaryforwetlandpermittingwillincludethefollowing:

TheJDandpermittingprocesswillrequiredelineationofwetlandspotentiallydisturbedby
constructionoftheproposedproject,preparationofwetlandtransectformsandfunctionvalue
assessmentsforthoseimpactedwetlands.[Notethatplanstothelevelofconceptualand/or
preliminarydesignwillberequiredtoensurethatallimpactedareasarecoveredbythe
delineation.]

Perennialitydatasheetswillneedtobecompletedtoclearlydocumentwetlandconnectivity.

AWetlandDelineationReportwillneedtobepreparedtodocumentthedelineationand
detaileddescriptionsoftheimpactedwetlands.ThiswillbeusedinsupportoftheJDandthe
permitapplications.

CoordinationwiththeUSACEtoconducttheJDandwiththeDEQrelativetoStateregulated
wetlandswillberequired.

Thedetailedfunctionvalueassessment,incombinationwiththeimpactacreagecalculations,
willformthebasisofinformationforidentifyingandcoordinatingwetlandmitigation
requirementswiththeUSACEandDEQ.Atthattime,detailedstudiesofmitigationoptionscan
beconducted.

AmitigationplanwillneedtobedevelopedandapprovedbytheUSACEandDEQaspartofthe
environmentalpermittingrequirements

29

Virginia Beach Transit Extension Study

References

33U.S.C.1251(1972).Section404oftheCleanWaterAct
33U.S.C403(1899).Section10ofRiversandHarborsActof1899
CityofVirginiaBeachRegulations,Article14(WetlandsZoningOrdinance)
CodeofVirginia,Title62.1,StateWaterControlLaw
Cowardin,L.M.,V.Carter,F.C.Golet,E.T.LaRoe.1979.ClassificationofWetlandsandDeepwater
HabitatsoftheUnitedStates.U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior,FishandWildlifeService,Washington,
D.C.
Lichvar,R.W.2012.TheNationalWetlandPlantList.ERDC/CRRELTR1211.Hanover,NH:U.S.Army
CorpsofEngineers,ColdRegionsResearchandEngineeringLaboratory.
U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers.1995.TheHighwayMethodologyWorkbookSupplement.Wetland
FunctionsandValues:ADescriptiveApproach.U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,NewEnglandDivision.
NENEP360130a.
U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers.2010.RegionalSupplementtotheCorpsofEngineersWetlandDelineation
Manual:AtlanticandGulfCoastalPlainRegion(Version2.0),ed.J.S.Wakeley,R.W.Lichvar,andC.V.
Noble.ERDC/ELTR1020.Vicksburg,MS:U.S.ArmyEngineerResearchandDevelopmentCenter.
U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineersandVirginiaDepartmentofEnvironmentalQuality.2004.NorfolkDistrict
CorpsandDEQRecommendationsforWetlandCompensationandMitigation:IncludingSiteDesign,
PermitConditions,PerformanceandMonitoringCriteria.U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,NorfolkDistrict
andVDEQ.
VirginiaAdministrativeCodeRegulations,(9VAC25210etseq.),VirginiaWaterProtectionPermit
ProgramRegulation
VirginiaAdministrativeCodeRegulations,(9VAC25660etseq.),VirginiaWaterProtectionGeneral
PermitforImpactslessthanOnehalfanAcre
VirginiaAdministrativeCodeRegulations,(9VAC25670etseq.),VirginiaWaterProtectionGeneral
PermitforFacilitiesandActivitiesofUtilityandPublicServiceCompaniesRegulatedbytheFederal
EnergyRegulatoryCommissionoftheStateCorporationCommissionandotherUtilityLineActivities
VirginiaAdministrativeCodeRegulations,(9VAC25680etseq.),VirginiaWaterProtectionGeneral
PermitforLinearTransportationProjects
VirginiaAdministrativeCodeRegulations,(9VAC25690etseq.),VirginiaWaterProtectionGeneral
PermitforImpactsfromDevelopmentandCertainMiningActivities

30

APPENDIX A

NATIONAL WETLANDS INVENTORY/NATURAL
RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE DATA MAP

S
G

ID

r
t
ron
Oce

anf

ven
tio

nC
ent
e

Bird
nec
k

RD

DNECK

BLV
D

ER A

L BO

OT H

RD

GE N

D
R
E
B

D
LV

RD

Wetland Resources
EC

LAK E
RUDEE

DN
IR
S B

VE
HA

LAKE
HOLLY

Beach Transit Extension Study


D

NN
LY

NB

615

W
PK

IR

Nor

V
U
Naval Air
Station
Virginia
Oceana

Con

Ea s
t
to p

th O
Hill
to p
ce a
na
We
st

at N
eck
Gre

e mo

hav

EB
RA
NC
H

nt

t er
C en

Ros

NW
IT C

E RD

58

B LV

MP
S V ILL

RD
LASKIN

A NA

KE

264

414

D
AN

V
U

RD

PK

National Wetland Inventory:


Estuarine and Marine Wetlands INTER NATIO
Fresh Water Wetland
Y

Hydric Soil (NRCS Soil Classication)


NE
AN

IN
DI
A

V
U

LL

IN
CE
SS

RL
S PLAZA T

411

ER
D

VBTES Alignment
Surface Water
165
V
U
Delineated
PRWetland

LAKE
TRASHMORE

HO

NC

410

EN
EP

V IDE

V
U

1 inch = 1.25 miles

PR O

L PK W
NA

V
U

6,000 Feet

409

D
H B LV
B EA C
INIA

IN

3,000

279

264

LAKE
WINDSOR

Legend

V IR G

58

LITTLE
NECK
CREEK

OC E

64

EASTERN
BRANCH
ELIZABETH
RIVER

To w
n

Wit HD U C K R D
ch d
u ck

190

KW

CREEK

NP
N AT IO

V
U

V
U

ER
D

BUCHA
N NA N

ND
O

S
CE
IN

NN

LYNNHAVEN
RIVER

S ROSE MONT R D

Virg Norfolk
inia
Bea
c

PR
A

ON
ST

CH
AN
BR

O LD D O

60

ECK RD
IRDN
S B

E
ILL
SV
MP
KE
KE
LA

LE

ET
RE

NR
W TO W
NE

n
to w
New

264

225

EASTERN
BRANCH

RD

UR
TH

V
U

LI
TT

Ly n
n

LINKHORN
BAY

408

K
UC
HD
C
IT

NECK

EN CE B LV D

64

58

V
U

DR

PIN

OO

EN D

RD

YG
HA

LE Y
AN DR

P
IND E

B A K ER

W ES

Hill

RD

BROWN
COVE

en

13

APPENDIX B

WETLANDS FIELD INVESTIGATION MAPS

165
S
T

264

8 15

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

n
eeen
Grre
G

IIvvyy C
Ctt

Curlew Dr
Dr
Curlew

SS

Ave
Newark Ave
Newark

w
ee w
N
N

tt

FFrreeii g
g hhtt L
L nn

Ave
Bangorr Ave
Bango

Houston
ston Ave
Hou
Ave

Abilen
ilenee Av
Ab
Avee

Ave
rillo Ave
Amarillo
Ama

Curlew Dr
Dr
Curlew

Ctt
ardd C
Baallllar
B

St
Blackstonee St
Blackston

Rdd
R
chh
i
c
i
w
w

Rdd
R
nn
w
w
too
wt
w
Nee
N

002 003
005
001

dd
R
R
nn
w
oo w

006

Blvd
Southern Blvd
Southern

009

007
008

Dr
Parliamentt Dr
Parliamen
Arrrroo
A
whhee a
w
a dd D
Drr
NNaa s
shhuu
aa RR
dd

Ave
Edison Ave
Edison

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 1

Caa y
C
yuugg
aa R
Rdd

Raapp
R
aahhaan
n nnoo c
c kk

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Rdd
R

Rdd
R
Caarroo la
C
la nnnnee
TTeerr

Coom
C
maann
cchhee R
R dd
Miiaam
M
m ii R
Rdd

Chhee
C
yyeenn n
n ee R
Rdd

Chhee
C
rrookkeee
eR
Rdd

N O
N
O ttttaa
waa R
w
R dd

Rdd
R
xx

Ct
er
lt
Co

165
S
T

d
sR
ra
tte
Ha

PPoonn t
t iiaacc R
R dd

Moo
M
rrnniinn
ggssii d
d ee C
C tt

o
FF o

Nee w
N
w ttoo w
w nn A
A rrcc h
h

n tt
laa n
all l
Ga
G

Ave
Ivor Ave
Ivor

Stephenson Ave
Ave
Stephenson

012

011

010

Hiill l
H
l PPrr i
i nnccee

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

8 15

264

264

Greenw
enwich
Gre
ich Rd
Rd

014

015

022

021

020

023

Hee r
H
rnndd
oonn R
R dd

Upp p
U
p eerr v
v iillllee
Rdd
R

W O
W
Ove
verh
rhol
oltt D
Drr

Cowardin Classification

Drr
tD
rhhoollt
Ovveer
O

Huunn
H
ttiinngg t
t oonn D
D rr

Kemp's Lake

Drr
D

Am
A
mis
ishh C
Ctt

t ioonn
veennt i
Coonnv
C

Coonnfe
C
fere
rennccee
Ctt
C

a yy
Wa
W

Kee m
K
m pp R
R dd

017

SS PPaa r
rliliaam
meenn t
tD
Drr

iinn
ff ll

Grree
G
eenn

019

o
LL o

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 2

018

Clleevv
C
eellaann d
d SStt

Accaadd
A
eem
myy C
Ctt

PPaarr
lliiaam
mee
nntt D
Drr

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

016

Accaadd e
A
myy R
em
Rdd

013

YYooddeerr L
L nn

010

Coo v
C
v eenn
ttrryy
Rdd
R

Soouuth
S
theern
rn B
Blv
lvdd

S Lo
Lowt
S
wthe
herr Dr
Dr

012

Cllee
C
vveellaa
nndd P
P ll

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

Clleea
C
a rrffiiee l
l dd A
Avvee

Dr
rk Dr
Park
ess Pa
siness
Busin
Bu

PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

8 15

Cleveland St
St
Cleveland

Dorset Ave
Ave
Dorset

Southgate Ave
Ave
Southgate

Ave
Jersey Ave
Jersey

Ave
Pennsylvania Ave
Pennsylvania

Denn Ln
Ln
Denn

Southern Blvd
Blvd
Southern

024

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 3

Man
anda
M
dann Rd
Rd

Conestogaa Rd
Rd
Conestog

HH
ooll
llaa
nndd

d
Rd
hR
att h
ma
l aam
Kl
K

CC
tt

EEuu
ccll
iidd

s
Crrees
tC
foooot
acckkf
l
a
l
B
B
CCtt
PPll
aayy

T
S

r
D
se
ou
R

028

DD
rr

Drr
xD
Siioouux
S

Grayson Rd
Rd
Grayson
190

St
as
Jo n

rr
D
D

St
li a
no
g
Ma

St
i ce
Pr

r
eD
us
o
R

OO
uutt
eerr

027

rr
D
D

n dd
laa n
oo ll l
H
H

264

026

cc kk

Stt
S

St
Potomac St
Potomac

o
llll o

St
ta n
ar
Sp

cc
Maa
M

264

025

O 25A
O 25B

o
PPo

Ave
Horace Ave
Horace

Opal Ave
Ave
Opal

d
Rd
R

Ave
et Ave
Dorset
Dors

l iidd
ccl

190
T
S

Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia

Ave
Horace Ave
Horace

Aragonaa Blvd
Blvd
Aragon

Ojibwa Ln
Ln
Ojibwa

WW
yyaa
nndd
oott
ttee

RR
dd

RR
dd

DD
rr

Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia

NN
aarr
rraa
ggaa
nnss
eett
tt

11 12
10
13 14
16
17 18
Admiral
Wright Rd
Rd
Admiral
Wright

58

u
EEu

Ln
Lavender Ln
Lavender

58

Ave
Marie Ave
Rose Marie
Rose

Limit of Disturbance

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

E2EM

PFO/PSS

PEM

PSS/PEM
Open Water

Limit of Disturbance

Match Line
Match Line
0

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

Rdd
mR
l am
Keelll a
K

Ln
Park Ln
rate Park
Corporate
Corpo

St
Bank St
Bank

Columbus
bus St
St
Colum

Commerce St
St
Commerce

58

Main St
St
Main

Nina Dr
Dr
Nina

Ln
Pinta Ln
Pinta
Ferdinand Cir
Cir
Ferdinand

SSaa
cc

Ln
ce Ln
apace
Carapa
Car

Ln
wa
K io

EEuucc
lliidd R
R dd

PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

040

Ct
Segovia Ct
Segovia

noo
een

Drr
D
aa

Thalia Creek

Rd
ey
nn
Bo

d
Rd
R

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 4

Rdd
aggaa R
Onnoonndda
O

Cowardin Classification

G
G

038

Gee
G
nnoo
aa CC
iirr

Rdd
R
eyy
nne

h
atth
ma
am
Klla
K

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

039

nn
Boo
B

RR
dd

037

Ct
Lisbon Ct
Lisbon

035

036

Ctt
C
iieess
IInndd

Ossa
O
a ggee
SStt

YYaaqq u
u ii SS t
t

034

225 033
S
T
225
T
S

n
w LLn
Kaaw
K

Chhin
C
inoooo k
k SStt

Rd
ga Rd
Conestoga
Conesto

WW
yyaa
nndd
oott
ttee

031

LLnn

Mandan Rd
Rd
Mandan

030

S
Dr S
on Dr
titution
Constituti
Cons

029

Rd
la m
Ke l
S

028

Dr
Cox Dr
Cox

Ct
ey Ct
asley
Beasl
Be

032
027

Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia

Honeybrook Dr
Dr
Honeybrook

8 15

Dr
Beasley Dr
Beasley

Castilian Dr
Dr
Castilian

Ln
Lisbon Ln
Lisbon

Constitution
tion Dr
Dr
Constitu

Town Center
Center Dr
Dr
Town

Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia

Rd
Centerr Rd
Town Cente
Town

11 12
Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia
10
13 14
Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia
16 17 18

Ave
Park Ave
Central Park
Central

Market St
St
Market

58

2Ndd St
St
2N

1St St
St
1St

St
Canbridge St
Canbridge

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Rd
y
nn e
Bo

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

SSttee
ppnn e
eyy
LLnn
S Corwood
Corwood Ave
Ave
S

Huu m
H
m bb o
o lltt A
A vvee

TThhaa
lliiaa
SSttaa
ttiioo n
n DD
rr

N Ken
Kentuc
N
tucky
ky Ave
Ave

Ave
Ash Ave
Ash

Ave
Boggs Ave
S Boggs
S

Rd
Thalia Rd
N Thalia
N
S Fir
Fir Ave
Ave
S

PEM

PSS/PEM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Boo g
B
g ggss
Avv e
A
e

Ave
Budding Ave
S Budding
S

PFO

Clarendon
on Ct
Ct
Clarend

Drr
raccee D
Tra
haaliliaa T
Th
T

Rdd
ey R
Boonnnney
B

Drr
lis D
allis
nwal
ornw
Cor
C

PUB/PFO/PSS
E2EM

048

Ctt
terr C
inte
Pin
P

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 5

Cowardin Classification

049A

ve
Ave
ckyy A
tuck
ntu
Keen
S K
S

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

VViirr g
g iinn
iiaa BB
eeaacc
hh BB
llvvdd

Cir
Majestic Cir
Majestic

049

Drr
meess D
TThhaam

Ct
Fi r
S

BBee a
a cchh
BBllvv
dd

p ess
Shhooppp e
S

Ave
Palm Ave
S Palm
S

Dr
an Dr
Tillman
Tillm

Blvd
Southern Blvd
Southern

045

VViirr
ggiinn
iiaa

Cir
Station Cir
Thalia Station
Thalia

Rd
Thalia Rd
S Thalia
S

046

N Palm
Palm Ave
Ave
N

N
Ave N
Gum Ave
Gum

043
044

Ave
Budding Ave
N Budding
N

Ave
Fir Ave
N Fir
N

St
ch St
Dutch
Dut

Ct
pl Ct
mpl
Lam
La

Avee
tt Av
cott
esco
Pres
Pr

040
038

58

Drr
D

S Gu
Gum
S
m Av
Avee

Dr
Cox Dr
Cox

Ruunnnnin
R
ingg B
Bro
roookk

Thalia Creek

r
sD
or e
Sh

Silverbroo
rbrookk Ln
Silve
Ln

8 15

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

nn
Ly

Virginia Beach
Beach Blvd
Blvd
Virginia
58 1 2 3 4 5 6

t
nC
ma
Se e

Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia

SSeeee
maa
m
nn RR
dd

Ctt
raccee C
Tra
haaliliaa T
Th
T

RRuu
nnaa
waa
w
yy BB
aayy
DDrr

d
Rd
rneessss R
Invveern
In

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

8 15

Rd
Cronin Rd
Cronin

Ave
Lampl Ave
Lampl

Drr
lmss D
Paalm
uP
bu
Maalilib
M

Dr
Caren Dr
Caren

Rd
Gotham Rd
Gotham

Rd
Cummings Rd
Cummings

Rd
Hopkins Rd
Hopkins

Drr
uD
bu
Maalilib
M

Drr
andd D
rlan
oorl
Moo
M

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

LLnn

r
sD
or e
Sh

errrryy
seellbbe
Caasss
C

nn
Ly

Rdd
lcootttt R
Alc
A

Drr
buu D
Maalliib
M

051

053

St
rucee St
Spruc
Sp

Ln
ernutt Ln
Butternu
Butt

Ct
stnutt Ct
Chestnu
Che

Rd
Boyd Rd
Boyd

18

r
ly D
v er
Wa

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

Wayy
araa Wa
ntar
Sent
Se

Pl
ce Pl
lace
Pala
Pa

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

St
be r
H il

r
nD
ad i
Pa l

Avvee
tnuutt A
Chheesstn
C

d
Rd
le R
daale
nd
reeen
Gre
G

264

055

054

St
Poplarr St
Popla

Rd
Bonney Rd
Bonney

264

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 6

58

Stt
er S
agnner
Wag
W

Drr
ueezz D
qu
riq
dri
od
Ro
R

Stt
pyy S
pp
Haap
H

Pll
Wilileeyy P
W

Ctt
acee C
Trac
Tr

Drr
raccee D
Tra
haaliliaa T
Th
T

Drr
inee D
ypin
ollllyp
Po
P

DDrr

Blvd
Beach Blvd
Virginia Beach
Virginia

Drr
ress D
hore
Sho
nn S
Lynn
S Ly
S

VViirrgg
iinniiaa
Bee a
B
a cchh
Bllvv
B
dd

PPaa
rrkk

lvdd
Blv
hB
lvdd
Blv
Beeaacch
hB
ia B
ia
in
g
in
Beeaacch
ir
g
Vir
ia B
V
ia
in
g
in
ir
g
Vir
V

Pine Ct
Ct
Pine

BBii
rrcc
hhww
oooo
dd

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Wayy
tionn Wa
Natio
to Na
Auto
Au

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

ia
inia
irggin
Vir
V

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
B

Ln
nd Ln
Land
cis La
q Fr
ancis
Sq
Fran
nS
maan
mm
rum
Gru
G

N
Tr l
za
Pl a

Ctt
C
moonn
Eaam
E

Tr l
lo
pe
Tu

d
Rd
dR
nd
lan
rovveela
Gro
G

58

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
ia B
ia
in
g
in
ir
lvdd
Vir g
Blv
V
hB
Beeaacch
ia B
ia
in
g
in
ir
g
Vir
V

JJaam
mis
isoonn C
Ctt

r
ieer
mi
tm
t
h
gh
Riig
R

l
PPl

Pl
renn Pl
arre
War
W

18

264

056

054

264

u
ZZu
c
rriic

rr
iiee
iinn
Raa
R

chh
Arrc
A
hh

Ct
es
a bl
al G
Cor

r
nD
ad i
Pa l

St
Barry St
Barry

Dr

Ctt
C

Golden
en Mapl
Maplee Dr
Gold
Dr

St
Continental St
Continental

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 7

B
B

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

060
059

058

Ct
ta
as
Sh

Dr
l on
Di l

on a
yt
Da

Tr l
za
P la
S

r
ia D
tor
Vi c

St
Wayne St
Wayne

Tr l
za
P la
S

St
Hilber St
Hilber

l
hP
e ac
mB
Pa l

Rd
Boyd Rd
Boyd

Pinetree
Branch

Mary Rd
Rd
Mary

055

PPeerrssim
imm
moonn C
C tt

053

Kin
K
inggss G
G rraanntt R
R dd

CC
tt

RR
ooss
eegg
aatt
ee

58

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
ia B
ia
in
g
in
ir
g
Vir
V

Drr
ardd D
Riicchhar
Kiinngg R
K

d
Rd
eckk R
Nec
tlee N
ittl
Lit
L

11 12
10
13 14
9
8 15 16 17 18

a
B
Ba
hh
ii rrcc

k
rr k

aa
llss
Baa
B

Drr
D

m
m

Ctt
C
nee
i
n
i
P
P

Ct
m
ea
b
rn
Ho

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

DDrr i
ifftt w
w oo
oodd
CCiir
r

e aa
PPe

cc

o oo
wo
hh w

n
LL n
dd

woo
ew
p lle
p
p
Ap
A

d
ood

n
LLn

Dri
D
rift
ftw
woooodd R
R dd

dL
n

Rd

414
T
S

SSqq

d
Rd
R
nn

ss
Ann
A

nn
l LL
ool

nn
soo
riis
orrr
Mo
M

t
SSt
hh
T
T
44

dd

ee
Avv
A

G
G

R
rR
t oo r
aat

Dr
Dean Dr
Dean

Stt
tt S
rreett
Baarr
B

264

264

19A

19A

Prr
P

19B

19B

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Drr
leyy D
Weessle
W

r
Dr
D

PUB/PFO/PSS

ee
Avv
ttt A
seet
sss
Baa
B

S tt
S

llee

Cowardin Classification

Drr
D
rrtt
bee
mb
Giim
G

d
Rd
R

ayy
Wa
W
lee
yy l

d
rr d

a pp
Ma
M
nn

n ee
lee n
a rr l
Ma
M

a
hh a

Doo
D

c
ii tt c

d ee
o lld
Go
G

t
SSt
ess
e
m
rrm
Hee
H

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 8

065

e
vv e

ee
Avv
A

LLaannddm
maarrkk

063

Blvd
Southernn Blvd
Souther

a
hh a

ee
Avv
A
tttt

onn
mo
m
Arr
A

Mary Rd
Rd
Mary

062

Lynnriver Dr
Dr
Lynnriver

n
nn n

see
sss
Baa
B

061

Rd
Haven Rd
Haven

y
LLy

t
SSt
hh
55TT

S
S

060

n
ve
ha

oo

nn
Ly

nw
ee
Gr
Ct
od Ct
rwood
Deerwo
Dee

Dr
Pinewood Dr
Pinewood

Eureka Ave
Ave
Eureka

Coolo
C
lonnyy
PPin
ineess
Drr
D

VViirr
ggiinn
iiaa B
B ee
aacch
h BB
VViirr
ggiinn
llvv
iiaa B dd
B ee
aacch
h BB
llvvdd

Muu
M
ssttaa
nngg
TTrrll

58

LLnn

11 12
10
13 14
9
8 15 16 17 18

FFoo
uunn
ddrryy

YYoorrkktt o
ow
wnn A
Avvee

CCrr a
aw
wff
oorrdd
PPll

58

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
niiaa B
i
n
g
i
ir
g
Vir
V

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

e cc
Ne
N
Wee
W
ssttw
woo o
o dd C
C iirr

Hutton Ln
Ln
Hutton

Ln
Byyrrdd L n
B

20

n
rL
r ke
Pa

Pk y
r ce
me
m
o
C

SB03
SB02

069

SB01

58

Rd
in
sk
a
L

l vd
hB
e ac
B
i ni a
V ir g

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
ia B
inia
g
in
ir
g
V
ir
V

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
inniiaa B
g
i
ir
g
lvdd
V
ir
B
V
h B lv
Beeaacch
inniiaa B
g
i
ir
g
V
ir
V

Rdd
nR
gttoon
miinng
rm
FFaar

yy

LL nn

Eastwood
ood Cir
Eastw
Cir

d
Rd
R
kk

o
PPo

err
nn e

Rd
ts Rd
Pallets
Palle

DDrr

DDrr
HHaa
vvaa
ssuu

LLaa
kkee

CChh
aatt t
t ee r
r ttoo
nn

t
aat

Ct
ie Ct
Julie
Jul

Dr
ie Dr
Julie
Jul

Occoonneee
O
eA
Avvee

Trl
wk Trl
ahawk
Tomaha
Tom

Mohawk Trl
Trl
Mohawk

r
Dr
D
ee

FFaarrm
miinn
ggttoo n
nC
Ctt

r ee
Gr
G

y
kk y

Ln
low Ln
Swallow
Swal

Ln
od Ln
twood
Rustwo
Rus

ldd
Ol
O

uu ss
B
B

LL nn

k
aa k

279
S
T

L
ll L

d
nnd

Drr
eD
ntte
i
n
i
Poo
nP
oon

e
pp e

o
LLo

279
T
S

Pallets Ct
Ct
Pallets
h aa
Ch
C

Rd
on Rd
ington
Farmingt
E Farm
E

Rd
tationn Rd
Plantatio
E Plan
E

11 12
10
13 14
Su
nflo
lo
8 we
15rr Ct
we
6 Su
7 nf
Ct16 17 18
9

Rd
ing Rd
Spring
Coldd Spr
Col

DDrr

AAvv
ee

Rd
tion Rd
ntation
Planta
W Pla
W

Ctt
uC
Haavvaassu
Laakkee H
L

RRee
aagg
aann

Rd
on Rd
ington
Farmingt
W Farm
W

RRee
nnnn
iiee

264

264

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 9

070

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

077

075

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

Ln
Steve Ln
Steve

Ctt
riaa C
tori
icto
Vic
nV
ueeeen
Qu
Q
Ctt
less C
arle
Char
ng Ch
King
Ki

t
Ct
C
ryy
rr r

Foun
untai
Fo
tainn Dr
Dr

e
bb e

264

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

CCtt

Roocc k
R
k ppoorr t
t LLnn

a nn
Ca
C

Ctt
err C
Doovve
D

Phillip
llipss Ave
Phi
Ave

TTrr
eeee
m
m
oonn
tt

PUB/PFO/PSS
E2EM

Ctt
hC
reenncch
S FFr
S

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 10

Cowardin Classification

Rdd
gee R
Viillllaag
V
Ctt
s irree C
Chhees i
S C
S

Drr
D
ee
akk
LLa

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

Bllvvdd
aB
Doonnnna
D
r
Ci
te
o in
P
e
as
Ch
Ctt
hC
reenncch
N FFr
N

r
Dr
D

ll
pee
aap
Chh
C

58

Sand
ndyv
Sa
yville
ille Dr
Dr

Ctt
mC
rddaam
msstteer
Am
N A
N

y
eey

Eastw
stwoo
Ea
oodd Vi
Villa
lla Ln
Ln

Ctt
s irree C
Chhees i
N C
N

Ctt
l isshh C
Ennggl i
E

a xx
Ma
M

AA
vvee
CC
hhaa
ppee
ll RR
dd

Basin01

Pllzz
opp P
Hiilllltto
H

Rdd
R
s kiinn
LLaas k

Drr
gee D
Viillllaag
V

SS
hhoo
rree

58

Rdd
nR
kiin
k
s
as
LLa

BB
rraa
tttt
eenn

Rdd
R
s kiinn
LLaas k

Ln
Karen Ln
Karen

r
yD
nc
ge
Re

EEaa
sstt
eerr
nn

Rdd
orr R
Viicctto
V

er LLnn
ster
inst
tmin
estm
Wes
W
q
Sq
lass S
ola
ho
ich
Nic
intt N
Saain
S

408
T
S

Ln
Thomas Ln
Thomas
RRdd

DDrr

408
S
T

RRee
ppuu
bbll
iicc

DDuu
nnbb
aarr
ttoo
nn

Queens
ens Way
Que
Way

Ctt
Johhnn C
ingg Jo
11 12 K
Kin
10
14
13
9
8 15 16 17 18

Rdd
ltoopp R
Hilillt
H

Ct
l ly
nti
a
Ch

Ln
Mable Ln
Mable

Drr
cy D
ency
egen
Reg
R

Carn
rnab
Ca
abyy Dr
Dr

Ctt
inee C
erin
ther
Caath
en C
ueeen
Qu
Q

264

21A

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

t LLnn
nppoorrt
Daavveen
D

VVii
eeww

r
Shhccttr
tS
Weesst
opp W
Hiilllltto
H

r
Shhccttr
S
Noorrtthh
pN
Hiillllttoop
H

tr
hcctr
Sh
tivvee S
uti
Exxeeccu
Weesstt E
p
W
o
p
lt
o
il
Hil lt
H

Rdd
Paarrkk R
al P
ussttrriia l
d
u
d
In
In

Drr
aD
Doonnnna
D

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 11

Cowardin Classification

Ctt
eauu C
urea
Taur
Ta

PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

Rey
eynnar
R
ardd C
Cre
ress

Ctt
lett C
rtle
Part
Pa

Drr
rd D
nard
eyna
Rey
R

Ctt
t aii C
Suuhht a
S

Bllvvdd
aB
Doonnnna
D

Ct
Maisonn Ct
Maiso
Rdd
biitt R
Raabbb
kR
JJaacck

Rdd
nR
Neevvaan
N

408
S
T

Ctt
au C
Veau
Ve

J
ir
Cir
heevvaall C
Ch
C

t LLnn
Shhaafft
S

Drr
maacc D
FFrreem

Drr
dD
wooood
Wiinnw
W

58

58

Rdd
R
s kiinn
LLaas k

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Rdd
kiinn R
LLaassk

Laskin Rd
Rd
Laskin

Drr
baayy D
LLiinnb

r
Shhccttr
Eaasstt S
pE
Hiillllttoop
H

408
T
S

Dr
Bay
o rn
h
k
Li n
Drr
D
llyynn
Caarroo
C

Drr
dD
wooood
Wiinnw
W

n
reell LLn
LLaauur

Gay Dr
Dr
Gay

LLaa
uurr
eell

t h LLnn
moouut h
Pllyym
P

Drr
boorrnn D
Deeaarrb
D

inkh
LLin
khoorn
rn C
Cir
ir

Lnn
l eyy L
Baaiil e
B

8 15

Linbay Dr
Dr
Linbay

Arb
rbre
A
re C
Ctt

DD r
r

Rdd
eR
snnaarre
Woollffs
W

Drr
eD
esshhooe
Hoorrsse
t lee H
LLiittt l

y LLnn
Deeaarry
D

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

Ln
rd
wa
Se

d
eR
nar
f
s
n
l
tL
Wo
ig h
r
W
9

Hawk
wkss Ne
Ha
Nest
st Wa
Wayy

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

TTrreeeett o
o pp D
Drr

PSS/PEM

Open Water

Cirr
ingg Ci
emin
Flem
Fl

Oaakk la
O
la nndd A
A vvee

DDrr

2244TT
hh SS
tt

CC AA
vvee

Ln
ou Ln
rabou
Marab
Ma

BBaa r
rbbee
rrttoo
nn

Dr
ingg Dr
emin
Flem
Fl

TTeenn
bbeeee
LLnn

Gay Dr
Dr
Gay
Baayyw
B
waayy R
Rdd

PEM

PFO/PSS

r
Dr
D
hh

BBaa r
rbbee
rrttoo
nn CC
tt

2233RR
dd SS
tt

B SStt
B

Ct
ps Ct
Tops
ne To
Pine
Pi

Sq
us Sq
ximus
Maxim
Ma

Old
O
ld VVir
irggin
inia
ia B
Beeaacchh
Rdd
R

PFO

nee
Piin
P

St
A St
A

Ctt
hiillll C
n innggh
Suunnn i
S

Cress
Lakee Cre
ringg Lak
Sprin
Sp

Dr
Lakee Dr
in Lak
ntain
Founta
Fou

Ln
ng Ln
Song
Pinee So
Pin

Waa
W
tteerr
ffrroo
nntt
DDrr

PUB/PFO/PSS
E2EM

Gililll C
G
Ctt

ve
Cove
nt Co
front
terfro
Water
Wa

Dr
bird Dr
kingbird
Mocking
Moc

t
tC
on
rfr
ve
Ri

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 12

Cowardin Classification

i n LLnn
quuaappi n
Chhiinnq
C

Drr
dD
ird
bir
lueeb
Blu
B

Whitee Hero
Heronn Dr
Whit
Dr

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

d
Rd
R

n cc
r aan
Br
B
yy

iinn

e
inn e
PP i

Drr
le D
lennddaale
Allle
A

LL

kk
aass

n
LLn

chh
annc
Brra
B
y
y

EE

58

Rdd
kiinn R
LLaassk

Rdd
R
skkiinn
LLaas
d
d
R
kiinn R
LLaassk
Rdd
in R
Roobbi n
Reedd R
R

DDrr

in
sk
La

d
R

Ctt
rn C
Fern
Fe

CCaa
rroo
llyynn

rl
ageerr TTrl
Tannag
Ta

Rdd
innaall R
Caarrddi
C

Upper
Linkhorn
Bay

Dra
rake
D
keta
tailil Ln
Ln

58

Troo
oope
Tr
perr C
Ctt

Pin
iney
P
ey B
Bra
ranc
nchh D
Drr

CCoo
qquu
iinn a
a LL
nn

a
LL a

d
Rd
R
iinn
k
k
ss

Salt
lt Ai
Sa
Aire
re Ct
Ct

ll

PPin
ineeyy B
B ra
ranncchh
Ctt
C

aa

TTrr

Glengarry
arry Way
Gleng
Way

11 12
10
13 14
9
8 15 16 17 18

Drr
nkk D
olilin
bo
ob
Bo
B

ann
TTa

e rr
gg e

Drr
le D
Orriiool e
S O
S

Ctt
eeerr C
Kiilldde
K

22Nd St
St
22Nd

Eliz
izab
El
abet
ethh Ct
Ct

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

Ocean Trce
Trce
Ocean

264

264

Occeeaa n
O
n TTrraacc e
e LLnn

22

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 13

Winter
tervill
Win
villee Ct
Ct

Harv
rver
Ha
er Sq
Sq

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

SStt
KK
iinn
gg

CCaa
lliiff o
o rr
nnii a
a

AAvv
ee

Pri
rinnce
P
cess
ss S
Stt

KKii
nngg

DDrr

t
hS
16 T

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

CCoo
aass
ttaa
ww a
ayy

Stt
hS
1177TTh

Ln
Loretta Ln
Loretta

Rdd
idggee R
rid
Seeaabbr
S

Rdd
akkee R
ircchh LLa
Bir
B

58

Stt
Kiinngg S
K

Bloom
om Pky
Blo
Pky

Stt
hS
1188TTh

Avvee
rooee A
Moonnr
M

Avvee
nA
f errssoon
JJeefff e

Caarv
C
rveerr A
Avvee

Avvee
t onn A
hiinnggt o
Waassh
W

ir
Cir
oc C
Roc
en R
Eden
Ed

Stt
hS
1199TTh

Arl
A
rlyynnnn L
L nn
Peac
acee Sq
Pe
Sq

PPaarrkks
sA
Avvee

Drr
ionn D
Paavvililio
P

Bir
B
irddnneec
c kk C
Cir
ir

Am
A
meeri
riccuuss A
A vvee

Barb
rber
Ba
erto
tonn Dr
Dr

Old
O
ld VVir
irggin
inia
ia B
Beeaacchh
Rdd
R

Troo
oope
Tr
perr C
Ctt

Salt
lt Ai
Sa
Aire
re Ct
Ct

Polo
lo Ct
Po
Ct

Inte
teggri
In
rity
ty W
Way
ay

Coas
asta
Co
tall W
Wal
alkk Pl
Pl

Treetop
top Dr
Tree
Dr

Sq
us Sq
ximus
Maxim
Ma

Avvee
sA
Paarrkks
P

11 12
10
13 14
9
8 15 16 17 18

Ctt
te C
inte
Poin
Seaa Po
Se

Cress
Lakee Cre
ringg Lak
Sprin
Sp

Ctt
hiillll C
n innggh
Suunnn i
S

Ct
rontt Ct
erfron
Riverf
Riv

SStt

KK
iinn
gg

SStt

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

Stt
hS
2244TTh
2233RR
dd SS
tt

Stt
1//22 S
2233 1

Stt
Rdd S
2233R

11 12
10
13 14
9
8 15 16 17 18

60

Stt
1//22 S
2222 1

1//22
2211 1

22Nd St
St
22Nd

Old
O
ld VVi
i rrggin
inia
ia B
Beeaac
c hh R
Rdd

Stt
Haallff S
2200 H

264

Avvee
A

Avvee
sA
Paarrkks
P

Stt
Thh S
2200T

Stt
hS
1199TTh

60

PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

Stt
S

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Stt
hS
1144TTh

LLaa
kkee
wwoo
oodd

s
Crrees
t icc C
Arrcct i
A
CCii
rr

Stt
hS
1144TTh

ir
Cir
ic C
Arrccttic
A

Avvee
sA
Paarrkks
P

Stt
hS
1177TTh

Stt
Kiinngg S
K

Stt
/22 S
1155 11/

Cowardin Classification

Stt
hS
1155TTh

Stt
hS
1166TTh

Stt
Thh S
1155T

h
1155TTh

Avvee
tiicc A
Attllaannt
A

58

Stt
1//22 S
1177 1

Avvee
f icc A
Paacciif i
P

Avvee
essss A
Cyypprre
C

Avvee
t onn A
hiinnggt o
Waassh
W

Avvee
rooee A
Moonnr
M

Avvee
nA
f errssoon
JJeefff e

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 14

Stt
hS
1188TTh

Avvee
ic A
Arrcctti c
A

Ctt
mC
ehhaam
Shhoorre
S

E2EM

Stt
hS
2200TTh

Avvee
cA
Baallttiic
B

264

n
anneeaan
i teerrrra
Meeddi t
M

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

Stt
S

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

Dr
Lynnriver Dr
Lynnriver

8 15

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
niiaa B
i
n
g
i
ir
g
lvdd
Vir
Blv
V
hB
Beeaacch
niiaa B
i
n
g
i
ir
g
Vir
V

lvdd
Blv
Beeaacchh B
ia B
inia
Bllvvdd
irggin
Vir
hB
V
Beeaacch
iaa B
n
i
i
n
g
i
Viirrg
V

067

Dr
Dean Dr
Dean

068

lvdd
Blv
hB
Beeaacch
ia B
inia
irggin
Vir
V

58

279
S
T

20

London
Bridge
Creek

066

279
T
S

y
e Pk
erc
m
Co m

SB03
SB02
SB01

069

070

075

071

264

Ct
Pines Ct
ering Pines
Whispering
Whisp

Ct
Casey Ct
Casey

PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

Stt
nS
Reeuubbeen
R

Rd
ge Rd
Sludge
Slud

Ct

Cowardin Classification

Pl
od
wo
F at

r
te
es
ch
st
Ea

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 15

Drr
mD
haam
l teennh
Chheel t
C

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

Ctt
ttee C
lett
Ayyddle
A

d
dR
fi el
w
o
Ar r

Ct
Landing Ct
Bridge Landing
Bridge

264

Fair Lady
Lady Rd
Fair
Rd

065

N LLy
N
ynnnnrriv
iveerr D
D rr

Rd
Haven Rd
Haven

n
rL
r ke
Pa

Ctt
reeekk C
Cre
le C
ple
pp
rip
Cri
C

58

Hutton Cir
Cir
Hutton

Overlook Ct
Ct
Overlook

Ln
Byyrrdd L n
B

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

Ln
ttonn Ln
Hutto
Hu

Rd
in
sk
a
L
vd
h Bl
ea c
B
a
i ni
Vi r g

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

264

264

Drr
terr D
ighhte
FFig

11 12
10
13 14
9
8 15 16 17 18

Avvee
le A
dle
idd
Rid
R

ir
Cir
JJeett C

58

ir
Cir
ne C
lane
Pla
P

Dr
linee Dr
amlin
ream
Stre
N St
N
Drr
ionn D
Sttaattio
ir S
Air
A

LRT/BRT VSMF

Dr
Egoo Dr
Eg

Dr
Streamline Dr
S Streamline
S

075

078

077
076

079

Stt
peell S
Chhaap
C

Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 16

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

d
B lv
e ll
Is b

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study

d
B lv
n ix
ll in
Mu

lv d
l B
mp e
Sa

d
Bllvvd
rB
chheer
Miittc
M

Stt
pp S
Waass
W

St
to n
in g
Lex

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

58

Ave
Ohio Ave
Ohio

tt LLnn
Maatt
M

n
Boobb LLn
B

Lnn
e rggnnee L
LLaavve r

Drr
Eggoo D
E

8 15

Ave
Indiana Ave
Indiana

Ave
York Ave
New York
New

078

Blvd
Southern Blvd
Southern

080

Blvd
Southernn Blvd
Souther

Ave
York Ave
New York
New

Bartow Pl
Pl
Bartow

Blvd
Southern Blvd
Southern

082

081

Pl
Hiteshew Pl
Hiteshew

Blvd
Oceana Blvd
N Oceana
N

Ave
Michigan Ave
Michigan

Middle Ln
Ln
Middle

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

Ln
West Ln
West

Ave
Louisa Ave
Louisa

Drr
nD
Gaarrddeen
G

Ln
Roselynn Ln
Roselynn

d
Bllvvd
B
eellll
IIssbb

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 17

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

8 15

Ln
Loretta Ln
Loretta

Great Neck Creek

Blvd
ern Blvd
Southern
South

Kee n
K
n yyaa
LLnn

089

090

v ee
Av
A

LLnn

B
B

r ff
uu r

dd
oo rr

FFaarr
rraarr
SStt

aa
See
S

Dr
en Dr
Jensen
Jens

S tt
S

u gg
Hu
H

hh

Avv
sA
ees

ee

Stt
full S
tifu
uti
Beeaau
B

Virginia Beach Transit


Extension Study
Wetlands Field
Investigation Maps
Sheet 18

Cowardin Classification
PUB/PFO/PSS

PFO

PEM

PSS/PEM

E2EM

PFO/PSS

Open Water

LLoo
nngg
sstt
rree
eett
AAvv
ee
AAvv
ee

BB
uutt
ttss

e
Av
ke s
Sy
S

St
Jackson St
Jackson

SScchh
iillll SS
tt

Acckk
A
iissss A
Avvee

088
087

085
086

Dis
istr
D
trib
ibuuti
tioonn D
Drr

Southern Blvd
Blvd
Southern

HHoo
ppee
AAvv
ee

Ln
Millers Ln
Millers

EErr
iiee

Saint Pauls
Pauls St
St
Saint

Ln
Shipps Ln
Shipps

Ln
er Ln
Dozier
Dozi

Ln
Realty Ln
Realty

11 12
10
13 14
16 17 18

58

Ave
Sykes Ave
Sykes

Pl
Webster Pl
Webster

Duu k
D
k eess
LLnn

Dr
Preserve Dr
Preserve

Run
Gannet Run
Gannet

Limit of Disturbance
Limit of Disturbance

Match Line

Match Line

100 200 300 400


Feet

Original in Color - FHI - 9/25/2014

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