PROBABILITY

Practice Problems-Strand 2
1. From the graph below, which would be the correct interpretation of how fast the runner is running?
40

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Time (seconds)
2

c. 20yd

30yd _15yd
B ----4 sec 2 sec

A. lOyd

20

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--1

D. 25yd
2 sec

3 sec

2. Given the following scatter plots of the weight of a vehicle and the miles per gallon, which graph

displays the line of best fit for the graph?

A.

B.

Weight vs. Mileage

Weight vs. Mileage

50

50
40

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1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000

Weight (!b)

c.

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000

Weight (lb)

D.

Weight vs. Mileage

50

Weight vs. Mileage

50

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40

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1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000
Weight (!b)

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000

Weight (!b)

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95

96

STRAND 2: DATA ANALYSIS, DISCRETE MATHEMATICS, AND PROBABILITY

3. Census and sampling are two methods for

gathering information. Which of the following statements are examples of sampling?
I. Asking every third student in your
history class if they are registered to
vote.
II. Buying a bag of potato chips from three
different stores to find the freshest
brand.
III. Making an inventory of each music CD
you own.
IV. Measuring the length of the five pencils
that you own.
V. Reading the first and last pages of a
book.

A. I, III
B. I, IV,V
C. III, IV
D. I, II,V
4. For which of the following would you use
the combinations formula to determine the
number of ways the event can happen?
I. You place eight names in a hat and draw
three names and award the same prize
to each.
II. There are seven students running a race
and there are different prizes for firstand second-place finishers.
III. Twenty prospective jurors are interviewed, and twelve are selected for the
jury panel.
IV. Six hamburgers are tasted and rated
from high to low.

A. I, II
B. I, III
C. I, IV
D. I, II, III, IV

5. A laundry basket contains six black socks

and ten white socks. A sock is pulled out of
the basket at random, its color is noted. It is
returned to the basket. Another sock is then
pulled out. What is the probability that the
second sock is white?
1

A.

B.

3
8

c. ~
5

D.~
8

6. From a standard deck of cards, one card is

drawn. What is the probability the card is an
Ace or a black Queen?
8
2
A.- = -

52 13
6
3
B. - =52 26
c. - 6 =- 3
26 13

D.

3
14

7. The city is considering building a new skate

park. You have been asked to survey residents to determine if there will be community support for this park. Which of the following is an appropriate question to ask to
collect data?
A. What is your yearly salary?
B. How many pets do you have in your
household?
C. How many cars do you have in your
family?
D. How many people in your household are
rollerblade skaters?

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PRACTICE PROBLEMS-STRAND 2

8. Tom, Dick, Larry, and Mary all ran the 2

mile race. In how many orders can the four
people finish the race?

11. Which stem-and-leaf plot correctly displays

the data given in the table?
Ages of People at a Diner

A. 8
B. 16
20
D. 24

c.

9. Find the mode of the set of data shown in

the stem-and-leaf plot below.
Stem
2
3
4
5
6

A. Stem
0
2
3
4
5
6

Leaf
4 5
011348
1 2 4 8 9

B. Stem

Key:
214

24

2
3
4
5
6

A. 31
B. 34
c. 36
D. 67

C. Stem
0

10. Susan has started a summer reading program for herself, to improve her reading
speed. After reading 1,000 pages, she begins
to graph her progress. Predict Susan's reading speed after reading 5,000 pages of various books.

......

2
3
4
5
6

D. Stem
2
3
4
5
6

400
300

25

17

30

16

27

34

56

10

21

20

62

17

12

22

45

42

53

Leaf
7
2
1
4
2
3
2

6 7 7
2 5 7
5
6
3 I 4 = 34 years

Leaf
7
0
0
0
2
3
2

2 6 7 7
1 2 5 7
4
5
6
3 I 4 = 34 years

Leaf
7
0
0
0
2
3
2

2 6 7
1 2 5 7
4
5
6
3 I 4 = 34 years

Leaf
0
0
0
2
3
2

2 6 7 7
1 2 5 7
4
5
6
3 I 4 = 34 years

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200

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100

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1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
Pages read
A. 100 words per minute
B. 200 words per minute
C. 300 words per minute
D. 400 words per minute

12 . At a deli, you have a choice of turkey, roast

beef, or ham on your sandwich and a choice
of potato chips or corn chips on the side.
You can also choose a small, medium, or
large drink? How many different ways can
you order a sandwich, chips, and drink?

A. 8
B. 11
12
D. 18

c.

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98

STRAND 2: DATA ANALYSIS, DISCRETE MATHEMATICS, AND PROBABILITY

13. What is the probability that a randomly

thrown dart will land in the shaded region of
the dartboard?

A.

B.

c.
D.

14. In how many different ways can you arrange

the letters in the word QUALITY?

A. 4!
B. 5!
c. 6!
D. 7!

1
2
6
3
- =10 5
6
3
- =16 8
10
16

=-

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PRACTICE PROBLEMS-STRAND 2

99

15. The data below are related to the percent of the population using the Internet.
Percentage
using Internet

U.S. region
New England

71.3

Mid-Atlantic

53.3

National Capital

64.7

Southeast

45.8

South

51.1

Industrial Midwest

53.2

Upper Midwest

59.0

Lower Midwest
Border States

56.4

Mountain States

61.0
63.7

Pacific Northwest

72.2

California

64.6

Which of the following seems to be the most effective manner to display this data?

A.

Percent Using Internet by Region

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10

01)

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B.
New England
Mid-Atlantic
National Capital
Southeast
D South
Industrial Midwest
D Upper Midwest
Lower Midwest
Border States
D Mountain States
Pacific Northwest
California
D

Percent Using Internet by Region

so.--------------------------.
70~~--------------------~~~

60+-4<~~------~~~------4

f 40 +---------------------------~
~

50+---~--~~~--------------~

30+---------------------------4
20+-------------------------~

D.

45
51
53
56
59
61
63
64
71
72

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.2
.4
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.2

.3

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100

STRAND 2: DATA ANALYSIS, DISCRETE MATHEMATICS, AND PROBABILITY

16. Which of the following is an equivalent display of the data related to total CD sales of the
Centennial Music Store shown in the table below?

A.

Month

Sales

January

126,000

February

782,000

March

238,712

April

81,970

May

328,877

Monthly Sales at Millennium Music Store

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900,000
800,000
700,000
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0

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January February March

r1-

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April

May

Month

B. Millennium Music Store Sales

January
February
oMarch
0Apri1
DMay

C. Millennium Music Store Sales

81,970

126,000

D.

238,712

328,877

782,000

Millennium Music Store

350,000
300,000
250,000
~ 200,000
~ 150,000
100,000
50,000
0

_.....
....Jan.

Feb.

.......-

v
Mar.
Month

Apr.

May

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PRACTICE PROBLEMS-STRAND 2

17. The box-and-whisker plot shown below represents the heights, in inches, of the members of the Ridge High School girls' basketball team.

What height represents the maximum height

of the smallest 75% of the members of the
team?

Height of Girls (in inches)

--1...__~__;-----64 65

67

70

74

A. 64 inches
B. 65 inches
C. 67 inches
D. 70 inches
18. Each of the events below is performed randomly. Which includes a dependent event?
A. Twenty differently numbered marbles are
put into a bag. One marble is drawn, the
number is marked, the marble is set
aside, and a second marble is drawn.
B. A fair coin is flipped, the side it landed
on is marked, and the coin is flipped
again.
C. A spinner with six congruent sectors is
spun, the number is marked, and the
spinner is spun again.
D. A card is drawn from a deck of playing
cards, replaced in the deck, and a second
card is drawn from the deck.
19. Anthony took a survey of the "Happy
Center" residents income. Their responses
were

$35,000 $61,000 $19,000

$480,000 $22,000 $29,000 $16,500
$13,000 $35,000 $23,000
Find the median income.

20. Your scores on 8 math tests are listed below.

74%,68%,78%, 82%,
80%,92%, 80%,75%
Your teacher gives you the choice of using
the mean, median, or mode for your numeric
grade. Assuming you want the highest grade
possible, which measure of central tendency
would you choose?

A. Mean
B. Median
C. Mode
D. Range
21. How many different four-digit numbers can
be formed from using the digits 2, 4, 7, and
9, if each digit is used only once in each
arrangement?

A. 4
B. 12
c. 20
D. 24
22. A driver training class collected the information in the table below. Estimate the stopping distance if a car is traveling at 80 mph.
Speed (mph)

Stopping distance
(in feet)

10

15

20

40

30

75

40

120

50

175

60

240

70

315

A.
B.
C.
D.

325
380
400
555

feet
feet
feet
feet

A. $26,000
B. $73,400
c. $81,600
D. $101,250

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101

102

STRAND 2: DATA ANALYSIS, DISCRETE MATHEMATICS, AND PROBABILITY

23. A shoe store is considering carrying a new

line of shoes. The manager wants to be sure
to order the most popular size. Which measure of center would be used to measure the
most popular shoe size?
A.
B.
C.
D.

Mean
Median
Mode
Range

25. A marketing company is conducting a survey to determine America's most popular

professional football team. Where would
they be most likely to obtain a unbiased random sample?
A. At a college football game
B. At an Arizona Cardinals game
C. By calling people from around the country on the telephone
D. At Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport

24. Using the chart below as your basis for predieting, what do you think would be the total
calories in a serving of ice cream that contained 15 fat grams?

26. Use the scatter plot to predict the mileage of

an engine with 250 horsepower.

Engine Fuel Economy

Fat Grams and Total Calories

600
500
;:::: 400
.9
~ 300
] 200
0
f-'< 100

60

VJ

50

Q)

30

20

10

15

20

25

30

35

Fat grams

A.
B.
C.
D.

550
450
350
250

calories
calories
calories
calories

10
0
0
A.
B.
C.
D.

35
30
25
15

100 200 300 400 500

Engine power (hp)

mpg
mpg
mpg
mpg

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