CHARACTERS

Habitat
Body
Segmentation
Skin

Exoskeleton

Endoskeleton

Limbs

Heart and Cir. sys

Digestion

Nervous System
Respiration
Excretion

Ear

AMPHIBIA
Only in fresh water and on moist land Marine life (-nt)

Head, Trunk and Tail

(Frog and Toad tail -nt)
neck (-nt)
Soft, moist and glandular
Pigmented (metachrosis)
Poison Gland--Buffo
Absent
Digits claw less or nail less
Some with hidden dermal scales
Bony, Cranium with cartilage
two occipital condyles (Dicondylic)
Ribs (-nt) or dont attached to Sternum (-nt)
Vertebrae-Proceolous

2 pairs of pentadactyle limbs

and may be webbed.
some limb less.
Paired fins absent.
Median fins, if present, without fin rays
3 Chambered (2 auricles and 1 Ventricle)
Sinus Venosus and Truncus Arteriosus +nt
Aortic arches 1-3 pairs
RPS and HPS +nt
RBC- Biconvex oval nucleated
Cold blooded (Poikilothemal)

carnivorous, EC-complete
upper or Both Jaw with Pleurodont, Homodont and
Polyphydont Teeth
JawSuspensorium Autostylic
Salivary Glands nt in frog
TongueProtrusible
Cloacal aperture +nt

Poorly developed Brain

Cranium Nerves 10 Pairs
Larval Stage Gills
Skin (80%) and lungs and Bucco-pharyngeal (20%)
1 pair Kidney (mesonephric or opisthonephric)
Large Urinary Bladder
Urea in Adult and Ammonia in Larva (Pronephric kidney)
External Ear nt

REPTILIA
Predominantly terrestrial
fossorial
Head, Neck, Trunk and Tail

Dry, rough, cornified and devoid of glands

Femoral Glandmale Lizard

+nt horny epidermal scales, shields, plates and
scutes
Digits-- with horny claws or incurved nails
Bony, Cranium with cartilage
one occipital condyles (monocondylic)
Ribs (+nt in neck and thorax), true Sternum +nt
Vertebrae-Proceolous
Tshaped inter clavicle +nt and Chevron Bone in
Caudal Vertebrae +nt
Temporal Fossae +nt/-nt
2 pairs of pentadactyle limbs

Snaks and some Lizards-- limb less.

Paired fins absent.

Incompletely 4 Chambered (2 auricles and

Incompletely Divided 2 Ventricles)
Sinus Venosus reduced and Truncus Arteriosus nt
Aortic arches 2 (Left and Right Systemic arches)
RPS and HPS +nt
RBC- Oval and nucleated
Cold blooded (Poikilothemal)
Carnivorous,
Insectvorous,Herbivorous(some
tortoise ), EC-complete
Jaw with Pleurodont, Acrodont and Thikodont
Teeth
JawSuspensorium Autostylic
Salivary Glands +nt
Tongue Protrusible/long/bifid
Cloacal aperture +nt
Brain with more developed cerebrum.
Cranial nerves -- 12 pairs.
lungs throughout life
Cloacal Respiration
1 pair Kidney (metanephric)
Large Urinary Bladder
Uric Acid in Terrestrial and Urea in Aquatic life
External Ear nt

or

some

Aquatic,

Eyes
Nostrils
Lateral
line
Sensory system
Reproduction
Copulatory organ
Fertilization
Development
Egg and Cleavage
Extra Embryonic
Membrane
Parental Care
Origin period
Golden Period

Middle Ear With Ear ossicleColumella

Tympanum-outside
With eye lids or nt
2(Dirhynous)
+nt in Larva

Middle Ear
Tympanum inside
With eye lids (immovable-- in snake)
2(Dirhynous)
Jacobson' organs as Olfactory
-nt

Dioecious

Dioecious

+nt
External(mainly) or Internal(Apoda and Urodella)
Oviparous
Indirect Tadpole and Axolotle (Salameder)
Mesolecithal,
Holoblastic unequal
-nt (Anamniota)

-nt
Devonian
Carbonipherus

+nt (1 or 2 penis)
Internal
Oviparous or Viviparous
Direct
Polylecithal-Telolecithal and Cleidoic
Meroblastic and Discoidal
+nt (Amniota) amnion, chorion, yolk sac and
allantois
+nt
Carbonipherus
Mesozoic era