A Statistical Model of the UWB

Channel Evolving over Time

Jonathan Tsao, Dana Porrat, Professor Tse
May 13, 2004

Problem Setup/Motivation
What do we mean by the channel evolving over time?

Rx

Rx

Rx

Rx

? ? ?
Tx

Moving receiver

Stationary transmitter

Goal:
Model how the UWB channel evolves over time.
One application:
Predict the channels future evolution

Outline
1.
2.
3.
4.

What is a statistical channel model?

From Narrowband to UWB
UWB time variant channel model
Application of Model: Prediction

Statistical Channel Model

What are we modeling?
1. Distribution of individual taps
2. Dependency of taps over delay
3. Dependency of taps over time

Channel Model: NB vs. UWB

1us
delay

NB

1. Distribution of individual taps

| hO | ~ Rayleigh

delay

1ns
UWB

Channel Model: NB vs. UWB

1us
delay

NB

delay

1ns
UWB

1. Distribution of individual taps

Saleh-Valenzuela Model

| hO | ~ Rayleigh

| hO | ~ Rayleigh

Channel Model: NB vs. UWB

NB

delay

delay

UWB

2. Dependency of tap over delay

Saleh-Valenzuela Model

| hO |

| hO |

clustering of taps

tim
e

tim
e

Channel Model: NB vs. UWB

NB
delay

delay

3. Dependency of taps over time

hO[m] jointly complex gaussian
process
tap gain correlation function
ROW[n] = W({hO*[m] hO*[m+n]}
(2.39)

? ?
?

UWB

Delay vs Location Plots

Delay vs Location Plots

Time = Location/velocity

- intensity plot of UWB channel evolving over time

Delay vs Location Plots

Time = Location/velocity

- intensity plot of UWB channel evolving over time

Delay vs Location Plots

Time

- intensity plot of UWB channel evolving over time

UWB vs. Narrowband

Connecting plot to physical environment
time

Rx

delay

- 2 path example

Tx

Questions:
1) Why are there diagonals?
delay of path is changing over time.
2) What is a diagonal?
diagonal path evolving over time
3) What is the significance of the slope of the diagonal?
Slope angle arrival
4) Why do we have variation along diagonals?
Roughness of reflectors surface

Delay vs Location Plots

Time

- intensity plot of UWB channel evolving over time

Delay vs Location Plots

Time

- intensity plot of UWB channel evolving over time

UWB Channel Model

1. Distribution of individual taps

| hO | ~ Rayleigh

2. Dependency of taps over delay

clustering

3. Dependency of taps over (time, delay)

Model time variation of channel by modeling time

variation of individual paths
Model variation along paths with autocorrelation
2 step modeling process:

Decompose time evolving UWB channel into the sum of

diagonals
Model variation along diagonals by autocorrelation

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Remove red diagonal

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Remove red diagonal

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Remove red diagonal

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Remove red diagonal

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Decomposition into Time-Evolving Paths

Modeling Variation Along Diagonals

Modeling Variation Along Diagonals

Modeling Variation Along Diagonals

Why do we see variation?

Modeling Variation Along Diagonals

Modeling Variation Along Diagonals

Variation Along Diagonals

Variation Along Diagonals

Variation Along Diagonals

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

one step predictor

length=10 filter
w = Rx-1*rdx,
Rx = [ r(0) r(1) r(9)
r(1) r(0) r(8)
:
:
:
r(9) r(8) r(0) ]

rdx = [r(1)
r(2)
:
r(10)]

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Linear Prediction

Conclusion
Summary:
Model time evolution of channel by modeling
time evolution of individual paths

Future work:
What are the statistics of diagonals?
What is the dependency between diagonals?