Introduction

When study the languages, we can see some similar among deference languages. As well as in
only one language also can be seen difference meaning for one idea. Some word had been increased by
generation to generation. Historical linguistic is very essential to understand what those differences and
similar are and how they increased or changed.
As well as historical linguist very essential for academic study. When we study Pli language we
can see some similarly words with different meanings for one word and different words for one meaning.
Some words had been changed to another meaning. We can realize those features and understand after
studied historical linguistic.
This endeavour is to give meanings and realize some word with historical linguistic. This is an
assignment which, Pli special 2nd year student should complete as compulsory subject called historical
linguistic study in Pli back ground, belongs to department of Pli and Buddhist study in university of
kelaniya. This is included few words in Brahmajla sutta within compare with several tripiaka editing and
sect of tripiaka their Ahakath, k, Tippani, dictionaries and encyclopaedias.

Word 01.
Sobhanaka Sobhanaka -: Buddha jayanthi tripitakaya / digital pali reader / chahasagyan
Sobhanagharaka -: Thlapaa pottaka
Sobhanagaraka -: syamakkara muddita pottaka / pali text society
(Brahmajala sutta, DN)
The word Sobhanaka is used with several spelling in Brahmajla sutta in separate sects of tripiakas.
In Buddha jayanthi tripiaka text and Chahasagyan text, this word is similarly given. But it is
separated with other texts as above mention. Sobhanaka is included in this Pli sentence of
Brahmajla sutta in chahasagyan tripiaka text version.
nacca gta vdita pekkha akkhna pissara vetla kumbhathna
Sobhanaka cala vasa dhovana hatthiyuddha assayuddha daayuddha
muhiyuddha nibbuddha uyyodhika balagga senbyuha ankadassana
(Brahmajala sutta in chatthasagyana)
According to this passage, Sobhanaka means shininess, beautifulness or beautiful scene. But
wherever havent any direct meaning for Sobhanaka in dictionaries. Some dictionaries give five
meanings for sobhana, sobhati which familiar with Sobhanaka.
Sobhaa 1:- (nt.) [fr. ubh] 1. a kind of edging on a girdle Vin II.136. -- 2. Beauty, ornament Miln 356.
(PTS-Rhys David / PTS dic.)
Sobhaa 2:- (adj.) [fr. ubh] 1. adorning, shining, embellishing A II.8, 225; very often spelt sobhana J
I.257; ThA 244;nagara--sobha (or i) a courtesan J II.367; III.435, 475; Miln 350; PvA 4. -- 2. good
Miln 46 (text na); Cpd. 96; 101;106. (PTS-Rhys David / PTS dic.)
Sobhati:- [$ubh, Vedic $obhate] 1. to shine, to be splendid, look beautiful J i.89; ii.93; sobhetha let your
light shine (with foll. ya' "in that . . .") Vin i.187, 349=ii.162= J iii.487=S i.217; ppr. .m!na Vism 58. aor.
Sobhi J i.143; Caus. sobheti to make resplendent, adorn, grace A ii.7; Sn 421; J i.43; Miln 1; Vism 79
(ppr.sobhayanto); to make clear D ii.105. (PTS dic.)
Sobhati:- (subh + a), to shine; to be splendid; to look beautiful.
Sobhaa, sobhana:- a. shining; beautiful.( ven. P.Buddhattha Dic)
Sobhana:- lofty,beautiful, pure, are called, in Abh.s., all states of consciousness excepting the
unwholesome and those without roots (ahetuka). Sobhana-sdhraa are allcalled the mental factors
(cethacika) commonto all loftyconciousness; Tab.II. (Buddhist dic.)
sobhaia:- n. beauty, ornament, edging on a girdle; &d/. adorning(students P.E.D)
sobhati. v, (subh) to shine, adorning (students P.E.D)

Vedic obhate:- 1. to shine, to be splendid, look beautiful J I.89; II.93; sobhetha let your light shine (with
foll. ya "in that . . .")Vin I.187, 349=II.162= J III.487=S I.217; ppr. mna Vism 58. aor. sobhi J I.143;
Caus. sobheti to make resplendent, adorn, grace A II.7; Sn 421; J I.43; Miln 1; Vism 79 (ppr. sobhayanto);
to make clear D II.105. (PTS-Rhys David)
The other words which are used in another tripiaka version apart from Sobhanaka are
sobhanagharaka and sobhanagaraka. We are not perfected to find out meaning for
sobhanagharaka through the dictionaries. But we can see two meanings for sobhanagarakafrom
more dictionaries similarly.
Sobhanagaraka (nt.) a kind of game, fairy scenes D i.6, 13; DA i.84. (PTS dic./PTS-Rhys David)
Sobhanagaraka:- n. fairy scenes (students P.E.D)
Grammatical Comparability
(1) Subha + a = sobhana. (Beauty).
Sobhana + agara = sobhanagara. (agar House; only use for compound, daughter, Jaggati for
jgarti)(sar sare lopa)
Sobhanagara + ka = sobhanagaraka. (ka is added to very few roots which take gua; it forms agentnouns and adjectives: vad + ka = vdaka)
(2) (Subha + a = sobhana.
Sobhana + Ka = sobhanaka. (an adjective)
(3) Subha + a = sobhana.
Sobhana + ghara = sobhanaghara. (This can be combined like Bodhi + ghara = Bodhighara, house of
Bodhi, but this is not appear any dictionary.)
Sobhanaghara + ka = sobhanagharaka. (if it is familiar with usage in pli, it is an adjective)
When we examine dictionary, both words are similar. But it is difficulty find out the real word.
Ahakath gives a explaining for one word and k gives for another. These both explanations also
say that both words are bare similar meanings. Both of word is given similarly meaning with a
grammatically changing.
sobhanakanti nana abbhokkiraa, sobhanakara v, paibhnacittanti vutta hoti
(B.J.T Ahakath)
Sobhanakaranti sobhanakaraa, sobhanagharakanti srasamse vutta (B.J.T k)
Meanwhile, these words can be seen in other places in tripiaka with familiar and different meanings.
those are briefly as follows,

SOBHANAKA
DN 1, 1. brahmajlasutta, majjhimasla
kumbhatha sobhanaka cala
DN 1, 2. smaaphalasutta, majjhimasla
kumbhatha sobhanaka cala
KN-a Khp, 2. sikkhpadavaan, pacchimapacasikkhpadavaan
kumbhatha sobhanaka cala
KN Nidd I, 14. tuvaakasuttaniddeso
kumbhatha sobhanaka cala
KN Nidd I, 16. Sriputtasuttaniddeso
kumbhatha sobhanaka cala
KN Nidd II, khaggavisasutto, tatiyavaggo
kumbhatha sobhanaka cala
SOBHANAGARAKA
DN-t 1, 1. Brahmajlasuttavaan, Majjhimaslavaan
Sobhanakaranti sobhanakaraa, sobhanagharakanti srasamse vutta

The words Sobhanaka which is deferent in various tripiaka versions as Sobhanagaraka and
sobhanagharaka is given meanings as fairness, Beautifulness, and shininess. The Sobhanagaraka is
given other two meaning as a kind of game and fairy scenes. Fairy scenes is familiar with fairness.
But another one is different. According to my opinion, whatever words which are above mention, is
particular to use with their apparent meanings in Brahmajla sutta.

Word 02.

Ubbilvitatta

Ubbilvitatta -: Buddha jayanthi tripitakaya / digital pali reader

Ubbillvitatta -: marahasagti piaka pottaka
Uppilvitatta -:chatthasaya
(Brahmajala sutta, DN)

The word Ubbilvitatta can be seen in different ways with same meaning in Brahmajla formula in
various Tripitaka series and traditional as above mention. In commentaries also it has given various
spellings with their traditional. Whatever is correct or true, we cant remove or change it.
uppilvino bhvo uppilvitatta. kassa uppilvitattanti? cetasoti. uddhaccvahya uppilpanaptiy eta
adhivacana. (chatthasayan aakat)
ubbillvino bhvo ubbillvitatta. kassa ubbilvitatta? cetasoti. uddhaccvahya uppilpana ptiy
eta adhivacana. (B.J.T aakat)
When we find out the real meaning or word, lexicons can be used. But those meaning are also
discolour with writers own comprehended.
ubbillvino = elated state of mind/ elation ( ven. P.Buddhattha Dic)
ubbillvitatta = state of being elated (PTS dic.)
Ubbilla= high pleasure, pride, rising. (pli-Sinhala dic)
Ubbilvita = (according to the very plausible expln. given by Morris J P T S. 1887, 137 sq. for uppilpita,
pp. of uppilpeti = uplpeti < uplveti, as expld. under uppilavati, ud + plu; with ll for l after cases like Sk.
lyate > P. allyati, lpa > allpa etc., and bb for pp as in vanibbaka = Sk. vanpaka (*vanipp)] happy,
elated, buoyant, ltt. frisky; only in cpds. atta rejoicing, exultancy, elation of mind D i.3, 37; J iii 466; Miln
183; DA i.53, 122; and kra id. DhA i.237. At Vism 158 "cetasoubbilvita" stands for ubbilvitatta,
with v. l. BB uppilvita. Cp. J v.114 (ubbilvita cittat).na cetaso uppilvitatta karayanti tampi
vacana micch (PTS-Rhys David)
Ubbilpito = unduly elated, puffed up. Near the beginning of brahmajala sutta occurs the phrase cetaso
ubbillvitatta,undue elaedof mind, upon which Buddhagosagivin the foll. Gloss ubbillvino bhvo
ubbillvitatta. kassa ubbilvitatta cetasoti? uddhaccvahya uppilpana ptiy eta adhivacana. The
condition of one who is foll of elation is ubbilvitatta: if it be ased, why is it said ''elatoin of mind. I
replay that this is a term for joy which fuffs upand tend to pride 'uddhaccvah (PTS-Dic)
Uppilavati (& Uplavati) = [Sk. utplavati, ud + plu, cp. Utplutya jumping up, rising Sp. Av. S i.209] 1. to
emerge (out of), to rise, float S iv.313 (uplava imper.); Miln 80, 379; VvA 47 (uplavitva, v. l.
uppalavitva); DA i.256 (v. l. uparilavati). 2. to jump up, frisk about, to be elated or buoyant J ii.97 (cp.
Morris J P T S. 1887, 139); Miln 370. See alsoupaplavati, uplapeti & ubbillavita etc (PTS-Rhys David)

 According to these lexicons meanings, spellings of a one word are wrong or different with each other.
Although dictionaries views are different, some texts give similar meanings for them with different
spelt words. As below,
'tatra tumhehi na nando na somanassa na cetaso ubbilvitatta karaya you shoud not, on that
account, be filled with pleasure or gladness, or be lifted up in heart (PTS- Tripitaka translation)
bhsitampeta bhagavat mama v, bhikkhave, pare vaa bhseyyu, dhammassa v, saghassa
v vaa bhseyyu, tatra tumhehi na nando, na somanassa, na cetaso uppilvitatta karayanti
The Blessed One said, If anyone should speak in praise of me, my teaching or the Order you should not
on account of that be elated. (Milindapaha)
Grammatical Comparability
(1) Ubbilla + vi + ta = Ubbillvita (v - Used to form adjectives of possession as yaso + vi = yassvi/yassi)
(ta- Forms a few nouns and adj. it is a possessive suffix: pabba + ta =
pabbata, a mountain)
Ubbillvita + tta = Ubbillvitatta (tta- (S. tva). Forms Neuter nouns of the same import as the state of
a being or thing; Buddha + tta = Buddhatta, Buddhahood)
(2) Uppilvitatta (there are many ways that scholars have guested the meaning of this word. But there
isnt any agreement among above dictionaries explanation)
(3) Ubbillvitatta (it may be writing mistake. But there is a rule thatll adding for Sanskrit noun.
example' lpa > allpa
UBBILVITATTA
DN-t 1, 1. Brahmajlasuttavaan, Paribbjakakathvaan
Ubbilameva ubbilvita, tassa bhvo ubbilvitatta.
DN-t 1, 1. Brahmajlasuttavaan, Dihadhammanibbnavdavaan
Yya ubbilpanaptiy uppannya citta ubbilvitanti vuccati, s pti ubbilvitatta yasm
pana cittassa ubbilabhvo tass ptiy sati hoti, nsati, tasm s ubbilabhvakraan ti vutt
UPPILVITATTA
DN 1, 1. brahmajlasutta, paribbjakakath
na cetaso uppilvitatta karaya
DN-a 1, 1. brahmajlasuttavaan, paribbjakakathvaan
uppilvino bhvo uppilvitatta
MN 1, 3. opammavaggo, 2. alagaddpamasutta
na cetaso uppilvitatta karaya
MN-a 3, 3. suatavaggo, 8. upakkilesasuttavaan,
adihe ki nma bhayanti cintayato uppilvitatta udapdi

KN-a Ja 1, (tatiyo bhgo), 8. ahakanipto, [423] 7. indriyajtakavaan

ahso anuppilvitatta tatiya sadhu
Vism-a 1, 9. brahmavihraniddesavaan, pakiakakathvaan
gehasitaptivasena pahahabhvo uppilvitatta
Vism-a 1, 11. samdhiniddesavaan, catudhtuvavatthnabhvanvaan
yathvuttavikappanpajjana hi bhayabheravasahanassa kraa vutta. ugghto uppilvitatta.
Milindapaha na cetaso uppilvitatta karayanti
UBBILLVITATTA
DN-t 1, 1. Brahmajlasuttavaan, Catubyhahravaan
na cetaso ubbillvitatta karayanti
There are three usages with deferent spellings for the Ubbilvitatta in brahmajala sutta. It means
state of being elated. A other one is Uppilviatta . This word is very difficult to explain.
Dictionaries also give deferent meanings. It has been given a meaning rising which familiar with
elated. Third one is Uppillviatta. This one may be wrong word as above explaining.

Word 03.

Anubaddho - anubandho ( following or standing behind)

According to Parallel occurrences and usages in Sinhalese Tripiaka version,

..ujuvipaccankavdbhagavantapihito pihito anubaddhhonti bhikkhusaghaca

(Dghanikyo Slakkhandha vagga pi - Brahmajlasutta)
Seyyathpi, bhikkhave, gadrabho gogaapihito pihito anubaddho hoti
So gogaayeva pihito pihito anubaddho hoti ahampamha
idhekacco bhikkhu bhikkhusaghapihito pihito anubaddho hoti
(Aguttaranikyo Tikaniptapi Samaavaggo Gadrabhasutta)
yasmrhulo bhagavato paissutvnisdanadya bhagavantapihito pihito
Anubandhi
(Majjhimanikya - Uparipasapi - Carhulovd asutta)
Puriso ca te ukkhittsiko pihito pihito anubandhissati.
(Sayuttanikyo - Mahvaggo - Janapadakalysutta)

Badha - bandha ca bandhane ( Dhatu Manjusa) Here anubaddho is related to clear Past participial and
anubandho is not related past participial. But in the Burmese Tripiaka version always mentions
anubandho to denote past participial.
eg:- ..ujuvipaccankavdbhagavantapihito pihito anubandhhonti bhikkhusaghaca
(Dghanikyo Slakkhandha vagga pi Brahmajlasutta)
Corresponding
bhagvena pimbiranm anubhadnanti tantav(pacatranta)
In Sanskrit language also anubandha is not familiar.
Lexicons
ANUBANDHATI = To follow, to pursue; to wait upon, minister to.. Mah.154, 166; Dh.89, 158. P.p.p.
Anubaddho, following. P.p.p. Caus. Anubandhito, pursued (Ras. 40).
(A Dictionary Of Pali Language. By R. C. Childers.)
Here anubaddho is clearly mentioned as Participle of the perfect passive.
Commentaries

Bhagavantapihito pihito anubandhhonti bhikkhusaghacti bhagavantaca

bhikkhusaghaca pacchato pacchato dassanaavijahantiriypathnubandhanena anubaddh
honti, ssnulokino hutvanugathontti attho.
(Commentary of Sumangalavilasin)
According to the Ahakatha also, most suitable word to apply here is anubaddh which is related to
Past participle.

Word 04.
Adhivuttipadani adhimuttipadani

Pubbantarabbha anekavihitni adhimuttipadni [adhivuttipadni] abhivadanti ahrasahi

vatthhi.
Burmese tradition denotes adhimuttipadani and Senhalese tradition denotes adhivuttipadani. However
Commentator has given a same definition to these both words.
Commentaries

Tattha anekavihitnti anekavidhni. Adhimuttipadnti adhivacanapadni

(Commentary of Sumangalavilasin)
According to the commentarial definition adhivacanapadni, it is easy to guess the real applicable
word.
Adhi mutti padni
Adhi vutti padni

adhi vacana padni

Here Vacana, the word in commentary is appropriate to apply with vutti but not mutti.
Vaca (bhsane = saying) is the common root of both vacana and vutti. Here mutti means freed.
So, according to the sutta context appropriate word application is adhivuttipadani. It is approved in sub
commentary Also.
Eg:- piyapana anekavihitni adhivuttipadaniabhivadanti. So evahti ca vacanato
parnumnavasena
Parallel occurrences

aparantnudihino aparantarabbha anekavihitni adhivuttipadni [adhimuttipadani]

abhivadanti
(Majjhimanikye Uparipasapi Pacattayasutta)
Adhi vacana padni

Word 05.
Papenti paapenti

Rpatthoti arogo paramaraasati napaapenti.Burmese Pali tradition.

Rpatthoti arogo paramaraasati napapenti.Sinhalese Pali tradition.
(Dghanikyo Slakkhandha vagga pi - Brahmajlasutta)
a (Avabodhane = to make known) is the root of this word. Instead of the word papenti the word
Paapenti can be seen in many places in Burmese tradition. But a controversy is occurred with the
word Paapenti. It can be solved with the parallel occurrences of in the pli canon.
Parallel occurrences

Te na ceva aamaasapenti na ca saattiupenti(Kosambiya sutta, Majjhima

nikyo)
bhikkhna mattajnitvbahpatte vipenti (Vinayapiaka Prjikapi)
ucchedavinsavibhavapaapenti papenti.. (Majjhimanikya Uparipasapi)
sapenti
vipenti
papenti.

According to these parallel occurrences it is impossible to

apply the word paapenti instead of papenti.

Lexicons
Papeti (caus.) Pajnti), To make known, declare, proclaim, appoint [prgpayati in Sanskrit].
Catuvai suddi papeti, proclaims or preaches the purity of all the four castes. Pada papeti
exhibit a footstep (Dh. 282, 377) sikkpada papeti to promulgate a precept or Rule of moral
conduct.
.
(A dictionary of pali language. By r. C. Childers.)
Commentaries

Sassataattnaca lokacti rpdsu aataraattti ca lokoti ca gahetvta sassata amara

nicca dhuva Papenti. Yathha rpaattceva loko ca sassato cti attnaca lokaca
papenti
tathvedana,.

(Dghanikya Slakkhandhavaggahakath)

Word 06.

Mahisa Mahisa
o

Mahisajtaka(Pacakanipta)

Mahisalakkhana(Atthakanipta)

Mahisamantanm(Claniddesa)

Mahisasappi (Prjika pli)

Manisassa (Mahniddesa)

Mahisayuddha(slakkhandawagga pli)

Mahisavattusmi(Apadna pli/Jtaka pli)

Sanskrit English Dictionary. (A.Macdonell)

Mahsha (adj) mighty, powerful (Vedic) / buffalo /an Asura slain by Durgor skandha. Pali
Dictionary. ( R.C.Childers )

Mahiso (a buffalo)

Vanamahiso (adj) (wild buffalo) / Mhiso (belonging to buffaloes)

Commentary

so kira ajjuno nma rjmahisakarahe kesakarjadhniyarajjakrento(jtakaha kath)

Even if they use the word mahisa instead of mahisa ,they havent changed mahisa into mahisa
when include the Dhvasa.
ajikddsti di saddena sahisasagahti.(vinayavinicchaya tk)
Neighbouring >kiram dadi takkam sappi nawanitanti pancagorasa (previous passage)
Chattha samgayana verson

Chandalam vamsam dhovanam hatthiyuddham assayuddham mahimsayuddham.

(Brahmajala sutta -13/Mahaniddesa/ Culaniddesa/khuddakapatha atthakatha)
gava mahisa sahassdhi sampnaitva.(Dhvasa)

Word 07.
Suriya sriya
o

Suriyaggaho (eclipse of the sun)

Suriyamaala (the orb of the sun)

Suriyassuggamana(the sun-rise)

Suriyasspanis

Suriyavacchas

Blasuriyassa

Pali :- suriyo (the sun)

Sanscrit :- sr \ sra (sun,heaven)
Commentary

tadissati suriya samnavaa, kho modothi saggapatto vimneti..(Mahvaggaha)

kidvisu devalokesu devarajjaganhasi, suriyavacchasati(Mahvaggahakath)

Chattha samgayana verson

seyyathidacandaggho bhavissati, sriyaggho bhavissati,.(Jtakaha kath/ vinaylakra

tk)

Word 08.
Sobhanagaraka Sobhanakam
Here, even in the Buddha Jayanti Tipitaka series we can identify the term sobhanakam in a same way, PTS
uses the word sobhanagaraka

kumbhathasobhanakacalavasadhovanahatthiyuddha.(Buddha Jayanti
Tipitaka series)
kumbhathasobhanagarakacalavasadhovanahatthiyuddha.(PTS)

Commentary

caturassarambaakata, kumbhasaddanti eke; Sobhanagarakanti natnaabbhokkiraa,

sobhanagarakav, paibhnacittanti vuttahoti.

Pali:-sobhano (adj), shining, resplendent, beautiful, good.

Sanskrit:-sobha, splendid, beautiful (sobha, sobhin)
Chattha samgayana verson

naccagtavditapekkhaakkhnapissaravetakumbhathasobhanaka
calavasadhovanahatthiyuddha.
(Mahniddesa pli\Claniddesa pli\khuddhaka ptha ahakath)