Environment:

The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.

The environment is contrasted with the built environment, which comprises the areas and components that are
strongly influenced by humans. A geographical area is regarded as a natural environment.

1.

Crisis: A time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger. A time when a difficult or important decision must
be made: "a crisis point of history".

Environmental Crisis:

An environmental crisis occurs when the ecological of a species or

a population changes in a way that destabilizes its continued survival.

tough survival of polar bears due

to Global warming.

Environmental Studies:

Environmental studies is the interdisciplinary academic field which

systematically studies human interaction with the environment in the interests of solving complex problems. It
is a broad field of study that includes also the natural environment, built environment, and the sets of
relationships between them. The field encompasses study in basic principles of ecology and environmental
science,

Ecology:

Ecology (from Greek: , "house"; -, "study of"[A]) is the scientific study of the

relationships that living organisms have with each other and with their abiotic environment.

The ecological system : Food chain

Urbanization:

Urbanization is the physical growth of urban areas as a result of rural migration and

even suburban concentration into cities, particularly the very largest ones.

Problems associated with urbanization.

Natural Disaster:
A natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth; examples
include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geologic processes. A natural disaster
can cause loss of life or property damage, and typically leaves some economic damage in its wake, the
severity of which depends on the affected population's resilience, or ability to recover.
(climatic

disaster

risk

map

of

Exponential Growth:
Growth whose rate becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size.

India)

Natural Resources:

Natural resources occur naturally within environments that exist relatively

undisturbed

a natural form.

by

mankind,

in

A natural resource is

often

characterized

by

amounts

of biodiversity and geodiversity existent in various ecosystem .

Wind is a natural resource that can be used to generate electricity

Sustainable Architecture:

Sustainable architecture is a general term that describes

environmentally conscious design techniques in the field of architecture. Sustainable architecture is framed by
the larger discussion of and the pressing economic and political issues of our world. In the broad context,
sustainable architecture seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by enhancing
efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.

Fossil Fuel:

Fossil fuels are fuels formed by natural processes such as anaerobic decomposition of

buried dead organisms. The age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years,
and sometimes exceeds sult650 million years. Fossil fuels contain high percentages of carbon and
include coal, petroleum, natural gas

(coal one of the fossil fuels)

Emission: The production and discharge of something, esp. gas or radiation.

Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing
processes that occurred in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. This transition
included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production
processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power and development
of machine tools. The transition also included the change from wood and other bio-fuels to coal..

Mass Extinction:

is a widespread and rapid decrease in the amount of life on earth.

The blue graph shows the apparent percentage (not the
absolute number) of marine animal genera becoming
extinct during any given time interval.

Consumption Pattern: The combination of qualities, quantities, acts and tendencies characterizing
a community or human group's use of resources for survival, comfort and enjoyment.

Top Soil:

is the upper, outermost layer of soil, usually the top 2 inches (5.1 cm) to 8 inches (20 cm). It

has the highest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms and is where most of
the Earth's biological soil activity occurs.

Forest: A forest, also referred to as a wood or the woods, is an area with a high density of trees.

Ecological Balance:

A state of dynamic equilibrium within a community of organisms in which

genetic, species and ecosystem diversity remain relatively stable, subject to gradual changes through natural
succession.

Ecological Footprint:
standardized

measure

of

Is a measure of human demand on the Earth's ecosystems. It is a

demand

for natural

capital that

may

be

contrasted

with

the

planet's

ecological capacity to regenerate.

Carrying Capacity:
organisms,

or

crops

that

region

can

support

The number of people, other living

without

environmental

degradation.

Sustainable Development:

refers to a mode of human development in which resource use

aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the
present, but also for generations to come.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of goods produced and services provided
in a country during one year

Environmental Science:
(including

but

not

limited

Academic field that integrates physical and biological sciences,

to ecology, physics, chemistry, biology, soil

science, geology, atmospheric

science and geography) to the study of the environment, and the solution of environmental problems.

Bio Diversity:

The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Eco-system: Is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with
the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system.
These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.