SUBJECT CODE

EXPERIMENT
TOPIC
DATE

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CHM 420
4
Stoichiometry and Theoretical Yield

NAME
MATRIC NO
I/C NO
GROUP
LECTURER NAME

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NABILAH BINTI AMINUDDIN

2014805292
950320145006
AS2301M1
DR. ZURAIDA KHUSAIMI

OBJECTIVE
To identify the limiting reactant, excess reactant and to determinethe percent yield.
THEORY

CHEMICALS AND APPARATUS

Buret
Erlenmeyer/conical flask
Watch glass
Oven
Analytical balance
Gravity Filter set :
Filter paper
funnel

0.5 M
1.5 M

Or
Suction Filtration Set :

Unfolded filter paper

Buchner funnel
Adapter
Vacuum filter flsk
Rubber tube

METHODOLOGY
1. The volume of 0.5 M Ca
and 1.5 M
(as stated in Table 4.1 below) is
dispensed from the buret on the side bench (prepared by laboratory assistant) into a
clean conical flask. It would be nice to get as close as possible to the recommended
volume.(All the volumes should be recorded to two decimal places).
Table 4.1

Reaction
1
2

0.5 M Ca
20ml
20ml

1.5 M
10ml
5ml

2. Initially a precipitate may not be observed. The flask is swirled and left aside for five
minutes to allow precipitate to completely form.
3. The product is suction filter using a Buchner funnel (Figure 4.1) or the gravity filter
the white solid. This is done by a piece of filter paper is folded into quarters and a
funnel is made. This is placed inside the glass funnel. The solution poured into the
centre of the filter paper taking care not to let it get above the level of the filter paper.
4. The sides of the conical is washed with a small amount of distilled water (use wash
bottle) and added this into filter paper. There is white solid inside the flask, however
the time and effort involved in recouping this is not worth it ( One area of
inefficiency).
5. The filter paper is carefully removed (it wil still be very moist) and placed it in n a
pre-weighed watch glass. The product is dried in the oven for a half an hour.
6. The product (Ca
is scrape from the filter paper onto the watch glass. Without
tearing and scraping off some of the filter paper try to get as much as you can. The
filter paper is discarded and the watch glass is returned to the oven for a further ten
minutes. The mass of the product is determined. The mass of product is reheated and
redetermined the mass at least three times to complete dryness and/or until two
weighings that are within 0.02g of one another.
7. The amount of Ca
obtained is compared with that expected. The limiting reactant,
excess reactant is identified and the percent yield is calculated.

DATA/RESULT
Reactions
1
Mass of the product,g
(1st heat)
Mass of the product,g
(after reheating)
Mass of the product,g
(after reheating)
Mass of the product,g