Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SAP
PRODUCTION
SHARING
ACCOUNTING
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
SITUATION ANALYSIS AND BUSINESS DRIVERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
SAP PSA BUSINESS BENEFITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
MAJOR DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
MASTER DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Unit-of-Measure Conversion in a Combined Product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
SAP PSA CALCULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Calculation Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Calculation Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Calculation Schemes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Sliding Scale Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
DATA TRANSFER FROM AN SAP JVA SOURCE LEDGER TO AN SAP PSA LEDGER . . . 9
SAP PSA Ledgers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Planning Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
DEFINING RULES FOR PSC COST DERIVATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
PERIOD MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Authorizations for Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
DAILY VOLUME DATA ENTRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Actual Production for Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Daily Production Data Entry Transactions and Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
SPECIFYING THE FREQUENCY OF PRODUCTION VOLUME ENTRIES . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
REPORTING FREQUENCY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SAP PSA Calculation Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SAP PSA Calculation Processing with Multiple Venture and Equity Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SAP PSA Calculation Processing with Combined Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Executing Actual Entitlement Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
TRANSFER FUNDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
ENTITLEMENT ADJUSTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
COST AND STOCK ADJUSTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ADDITIONAL SAP PSA CALCULATION FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
SAP PSA REPORTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
INTERPRETING RESULTS OF SAP PSA CALCULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3
INTRODUCTION
As oil and gas exploration and development continues to
expand globally, international oil and gas companies are constantly seeking out new reserves. Many untapped reserves are
under government ownership in various countries. In order to
explore and develop their reserves, governments enter into
production-sharing contracts (PSCs) with international oil and
gas companies, allowing them to maintain control and
ownership of their resources and ensure a fair return on the
production and sale of the products.
Government
Take
Contractor
Take
TOTAL
PROFIT
Rent
Operating
OPEX
Total
Production
Total
Available
for
Production
Sharing
Development
Entitlement
COST
RECOVERY
Exploration
CAPEX
MAJOR DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
Based on industry requirements, the following are key design
features of SAP PSA:
Simple, intuitive, consistent, and common interfaces to
reduce training time and increase proficiency
Flexibility to customize and personalize screens to suit
specific business needs
Maximum automation of business processes and data
capture to minimize manual input
Integration with SAP JVA and mySAP Financials to help
eliminate redundancy and data integrity issues
Flexible, sophisticated reporting capabilities
FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Figure 2 shows the flow of data through the various functions
of SAP PSA.
Process
Summary
Balances
JVT01
Actual
Items
JVS01
Plan
Items
JVP01
Ledger 4A
Ledger 4C
Cumputation
Rules
4
Production &
Prices
(Plan & Actual)
Direct Cost
Adjustment
Computation
(Plan & Actual)
3
Cost Roll Up
(Plan & Actual)
PSA
REPORTING
CYCLE
Roll Up
Rules
Revenues,
Royalties,
Entitlement
(Plan & Actual)
Reporting
Master
Data
MASTER DATA
Master data records in SAP PSA represent PSCs and the petroleum products specified within a PSC. SAP PSA uses a PSC and
product master records by assigning cost data to the records
within the ledger. The PSC and product are linked through
master data maintenance. All cost, volume, and revenue data
stored in SAP PSA is assigned to a combination of a PSC and a
product. SAP PSA master data maintenance and assignment
are handled by functions that support the following tasks:
Creating and linking SAP PSA master data
Mapping SAP PSA master data to source system master data
You can enter the production volumes and prices for each unit
in SAP PSA at appropriate intervals, ranging from daily to yearly. SAP PSA calculates revenue by multiplying the volume by
the price of each unit. It also automatically synchronizes production volume with monthly cost data. Once the cost and
production volume data is in place for all PSCs, SAP PSA starts
the automatic calculations. It automatically apportions production volumes to cover government royalties and all other
cost and profit categories.
When SAP JVA is the source ledger for an SAP PSA ledger, joint
ventures are assigned to the PSC. You can control data transfer
to the SAP PSA ledger by using validation rules that specify the
data that the system will roll up for specific combinations of
PSCs and products. Beginning with SAP R/3 4.6B, SAP PSA
only works together with SAP JVA. Activating SAP PSA involves
activating SAP PSA roll up and creating an SAP PSA document
number range.
There are two sets of ledgers defined for SAP PSA: cost ledgers
4P and 4Q, and partner ledgers 4R and 4S. Each set can have
one or two physical ledgers capable of storing up to four currencies besides the transaction currency.
PLANNING FUNCTIONS
To fulfill government requirements, a variety of planning functions are available in SAP PSA.
These functions allow you to:
Set up multiple versions of a cost plan
Enter production, pricing, and partner entitlement data in a
cost plan
Copy cost plans and actuals as new plan versions
Execute and reverse calculations of planned entitlement as
required
The first step in a periodic production sharing process involves
rolling up recoverable costs. PSC costs are rolled up from SAP
JVA to the SAP PSA ledger. The roll up can be done for both
actual costs and planned costs, which are originally planned in
SAP Controlling and then transferred to SAP JVA.
You can selectively roll up costs by using SAP JVA to map PSCs
to joint ventures and equity types. SAP JVA simultaneously
assigns calculation schemes to the costs, based on user-defined
criteria, such as product type or cost category. You can also differentiate between capital expenses and operating expenses.
Roll Up
Rules
Summary
Balances
JVT01
PSA
Roll Up
Summary
Costs
JVPSC01T
Actual
Items
JVS01
Plan
Items
JVP01
Ledger 4A
Ledger 4C
Actual
Items
JVPSC01A
Ledger 4P
Ledger 4Q
10
Plan
Costs
JVPSC01P
PERIOD MANAGEMENT
You can enter SAP PSA volumes and populate the volume data
record table (T8PSA_INPUT), by using the following transactions:
Actual production data entry
Daily production data entry transactions and interfaces
You can use this transaction to enter volumes and prices directly into the T8PSA_INPUT table. You can also enter adjustments, as required, in this transaction. The SAP PSA calculation retrieves the volumes and prices in the T8PSA_INPUT table.
The volumes are stored by:
Company code
Version
Year
Month
PSC
Product
Venture
Equity type
Volume type, including production, production adjustment,
take or pay, and free gas
DAILY PRODUCTION DATA ENTRY TRANSACTIONS AND
INTERFACES
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12
REPORTING FREQUENCY
You use the reporting frequency function to specify the
frequency of SAP PSA calculations monthly, quarterly, biannually, or annually. The system can execute the SAP PSA calculation process only for the frequency specified in the PSC
master data. If the reporting frequency for the PSC is specified
as monthly, then the system can execute the SAP PSA calculation process for any single accounting period.
13
Further, within the same PSC, you can assign single products
(that is, products not assigned to a combined product), in addition to combined products (including the assigned products).
EXECUTING ACTUAL ENTITLEMENT CALCULATIONS
14
TRANSFER FUNDS
ENTITLEMENT ADJUSTMENTS
You would ordinarily use the transfer funds feature after initial
calculations reveal excess profit in one PSC and a cost carryforward condition in another PSC.
Further, reversing a transfer is possible if required. Reversing a
transfer involves executing two transfer reversals, one for the
receiver record and one for the sender transfer record. This
reversal must take place before the calculation has been posted.
15
In addition to the basic functions required to support the minimum reporting requirements of PSCs, SAP PSA offers the following enhanced features that streamline and further automate the reporting process:
Multiple products are possible for each SAP PSA contract.
Multiple source ledger master data objects can be mapped to
a single PSC and product combination, with cost roll up, following this mapping.
Aggregate calculation results can be produced for all products in a PSC.
Multiple calculation and reporting frequencies are supported, including reporting monthly, quarterly, semiannually,
and annually.
Expenses that exceed the amount of recovery allowed for a
period can be automatically carried forward to the next period in the same PSC or can be carried over to another PSC in
the same period.
Production that exceeds actual costs for the period, but that
falls short of the maximum amount of recovery allowed for
the period, can be apportioned in various ways, depending
on customization.
Additional line items (other than rolled-up costs) can be
accommodated.
Manual transfers of credits between PSCs can be posted
directly.
16
Figures 5a, 5b, and 5c show sample reports you can create in
SAP PSA:
Figure 5a: Example of an SAP PSA Entitlement Report for One PSC
Figure 5b: Example of an SAP PSA Joint Venture Partner Entitlement Report
for One PSC, Venture, and Product
17
INTERPRETING RESULTS OF
SAP PSA CALCULATIONS
You can interpret the results of SAP PSA calculations by using
the following transactions:
Figure 5c: Example of an SAP PSA Storage Entitlement Report for One PSC,
by Product Breakdown
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SUMMARY
SAP PSA is a key capability of the SAP for Oil & Gas industry
portfolio. By reporting on government royalties, contractor
costs and recovery tracking, and profit allocation, SAP PSA
delivers a single, integrated solution for upstream companies
involved in production sharing.
For more information please contact us at:
SAP AG
Neurottstrasse 16
69190 Walldorf
Germany
Mailing address:
69189 Walldorf
Germany
SAP information service:
Tel. +49-180-5343424
Fax +49-180-5343420
http://www.sap.com
19
www.sap.com /contactsap