Solar calendar

A solar calendar is a calendar whose dates indicate the 3 Sidereal solar calendars
position of the earth on its revolution around the sun or
equivalently the apparent position of the sun moving on Further information: Sidereal time
the celestial sphere.

If the position of the earth (see above) is reckoned with

respect to the xed stars, then the dates indicate the
zodiacal constellation near which the sun can be found.
A calendar of this type is called a sidereal solar calendar.

Astronomy

Main article: Astronomy

The mean calendar year of such a calendar approximates

the sidereal year.

The natural science of astronomy is the study of celestial

objects, observations and phenomena in the night sky.
The ancient discipline of astronomy is the key method
of calculating a date and time. A star in a solar system
is the source of light which creates the stellar day, the
rotation period of orbiting planets regulates the seasons
on a planet surface, this combination is monitored and
recorded by a calendar.

Indian calendars like the Hindu calendar, Tamil calendar, Bengali calendar and Malayalam calendar are sidereal solar calendars. The Thai solar calendar, based on
the Hindu solar calendar is also a sidereal calendar. They
are calculated on the basis of the apparent motion of the
sun through the twelve zodiacs rather than the true tropical movement of the earth.

Tropical solar calendars

4 Non-solar calendars

If the position of the earth in its orbit around the sun is

reckoned with respect to the equinox, the point at which
the orbit crosses the celestial equator, then its dates accurately indicate the seasons, that is, they are synchronized
with the declination of the sun. Such a calendar is called
a tropical solar calendar.

Calendars that are not solar calendars include the Islamic

calendar, which is a purely lunar calendar and calendars
synchronized to the synodic period of Venus or to the
heliacal risings of stars.

The duration of the mean calendar year of such a calendar approximates some form of the tropical year, usually
either the mean tropical year or the vernal equinox year.

5 Lunisolar calendars

The following are tropical solar calendars:

Lunisolar calendars may be regarded as solar calendars,

although their dates additionally indicate the moon phase.
Because a typical lunisolar calendar has a year made up
of a whole number of lunar months, it can't indicate the
position of Earth on its revolution around the sun as well
as a pure solar calendar can.

Gregorian calendar
Iranian calendar (Jalli Calendar)
Julian calendar
Coptic calendar
Every one of these calendars has a year of 365 days,
which is occasionally extended by adding an extra day
to form a leap year, a method called "intercalation", the
inserted day being intercalary.

6 See also
Analemma calendar

The Zoroastrian calendar, the earliest solar calendar, is

a religious calendar used by adherents of the Zoroastrian
faith, and is an approximation of the tropical solar calendar.

Astronomical clock
Daytime (astronomy)
1

External links
Correspondence between Hebrew and Islamic calendars, months and holidays (pdf)

EXTERNAL LINKS

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

8.1

Text

Solar calendar Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20calendar?oldid=627546269 Contributors: Karl Palmen, Voidvector, Ahoerstemeier, Jpatokal, Notheruser, Maximus Rex, Hyacinth, JorgeGG, PuzzletChung, Ashley Y, Unfree, Joe Kress, Gdr, Heck, Terabyte,
Rmathew, Discospinster, Jamadagni, S.K., Forteanajones, Polylerus, Nsaa, Storm Rider, Alansohn, Postrach, Luigi2, Koavf, FlaBot, Margosbot, Chobot, YurikBot, Yamara, Gaius Cornelius, Ali1986, Vino s, Melchoir, Jagged 85, Jab843, RocketMaster, Saros136, Amatulic, Weirdy, WoodElf, Beetstra, Novangelis, Iridescent, Joseph Solis in Australia, Yaris678, Future Perfect at Sunrise, Thijs!bot, Vertium, JAnDbot, Belg4mit, Ahmad87, Robtiqifsha, R'n'B, 97198, Rayis, TXiKiBoT, Suriel1981, Eubulides, SieBot, Nasher61, Gerakibot,
Flyer22, BTH, RW Marloe, Net 91, DragonBot, Tahmasp, Aitias, PoofyPeter99, XLinkBot, WikHead, Emil Kastberg, Addbot, AndersBot, Tide rolls, KamikazeBot, ArthurBot, Xqbot, Erud, GrouchoBot, D'ohBot, Amir rostam, EmausBot, Trinanjon, Arivu.vp, ClueBot
NG, MelbourneStar, Fredosksimb, Tfr000, Pratyya Ghosh, YFdyh-bot, Epicgenius, Jayakumar RG and Anonymous: 51

8.2

Images

File:Portal-puzzle.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg License: Public domain Contributors: ?

Original artist: ?

8.3

Content license

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