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(IDMA)
Outline
Introduction
Iterative detection
Performance evaluation
Multi-user gain in fading channels
Other applications
Conclusions
Outline
Introduction
Iterative detection
Performance evaluation
Multi-user gain in fading channels
Other applications
Conclusions
Features of IDMA
S p e c tr a l e f f ic ie n c y ( b its /c h ip )
3.5
3
Optimal
Multi-user detection
is necessary to get
into this range.
2.5
2
1.5
1
Matched Filter
0.5
0
-2
6
Eb/N0 (dB)
10
12
14
5
ENC1
x1
...
h1
ENCk
xk
hk
r = hk x k + n
k =1
...
hK
ENCK
xK
..
Lihai Liu, Jun Tong, and Li Ping, "Analysis and Optimization of CDMA Systems with ChipLevel Interleavers," IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun. vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 141-150, Jan. 2006.
s1
ENC1
x1
...
h1
sk
ENCk
xk
hk
r = hk x k + n
k =1
...
hK
ENCK
sK
xK
x1
ENC1
ENCk
h1
xk
xK
IDMA
dk
ENCk
h1
xk
ENCK
hk
hK
...
...
ENCK
hk
hK
x1
...
...
dk
s1
ENC1
sK
xK
CDMA
8
Outline
Introduction
Iterative detection
Performance evaluation
Multi-user gain in fading channels
Other applications
Conclusions
12
s1
ENC1
x1
...
h1
user-k
dk
sk
ENCk
xk
hk
r = hk x k + n
k =1
...
hK
user-K
dK
ENCK
sK
xK
13
r ( j ) = hk xk ( j ) + n( j )
k =1
= hk xk ( j )
Estimation:
e ( xk ( j ) ) =
k ( j)
Gaussian
2hk
( r ( j ) E( k ( j )) )
Var( k ( j ))
Some details:
(r ( j ) E( k ( j )) hk )2
exp(
)
Pr( xk ( j ) = +1)
2Var( k ( j ))
2hk
log
= log
=
( r ( j ) E( k ( j )) )
(r ( j ) E( k ( j )) + hk )2
Pr( xk ( j ) = 1)
Var( k ( j ))
exp(
)
2Var( k ( j ))
15
Step 1. E ( r ( j ) ) = hk E ( xk ( j ) )
Var ( r ( j ) ) = hk Var ( xk ( j ) )
k =1
Step 3. e ( xk ( j ) ) =
k =1
2hk
( r ( j ) E( k ( j )) )
Var( k ( j ))
Notes:
(1) There is no matrix operation.
(2) E(xk(j) and Var(xk(j)) are the feedback from the decoders.
16
1
1
r={r(j)} Chip-by-Chip
Processing
APP
DEC-1
APP
DEC-k
18
Complexity
6 additions and 6 multiplications per chip per iteration per
user.
Complexity (per user) is independent of user number K .
Comparison: To achieve good performance, the cost for MMSE
CDMA multi-user detection is O(K2) due to matrix operations.
19
Un-coded IDMA
Rate-1/8 repetition coding
1.E+00
8 users
1.E-01
64 users
BER
1.E-02
single-user
1.E-03
1.E-04
1.E-05
0
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
20
1.E-01
(b)
(a)
BER
1.E-02
1.E-03
IDMA
8 users
1.E-04
IDMA
16 users
IDMA
32 users
IDMA
64 users
1.E-05
0
capacities
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Outline
Introduction
Iterative detection
Performance evaluation
Multi-user gain in fading channels
Other applications
Conclusions
22
ESE
{E(x1(j))}
{e(xk(j))}
{E(xk(j))}
k1
APP
DEC-1
r={r(j)}
11
Iterative
detector
{e(x1(j))}
APP
DEC-k
SNR1
r={r(j)}
ESE
SNRk
Variancek
f()
Evolution
process
Variance1
f()
23
r ( j ) = pk hk xk ( j ) + n( j )
Gaussian
k =1
=
SNR evolution:
SNRk( new)
pk hk xk ( j ) + pi hi xi ( j ) + n( j )
ik
pk | hk |2
=
pi | hi |2 fi SNRi(old ) + 2
ik
Initialization:
SNR k( 0 ) = 0, k
24
( new )
k
SNR
| hk |2 pk
=
| hi |2 pi fi (SNRi(old ) ) + 2
ik
SNR1
ESE
SNRk
Variancek
k1
f()
f()
r={r(j)}
Evolution
process
Variance1
11
25
Un-coded IDMA
Rate-1/8 repetition coding
1.E+00
8 users
1.E-01
64 users
BER
1.E-02
single-user
1.E-03
1.E-04
1.E-05
0
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
26
Outline
Introduction
Iterative detection
Performance evaluation
Multi-user gain in fading channels
Other applications
Conclusions
27
35
TDMA capacity
30
about
12dB
25
channel
capacity
Capacity
20
15
3
4
5
The number of users K
8
28
35
Simulated
TDMA,
AssumedTDMA
performance
TDMA capacity
30
25
IDMA
IDMA,Simulated
Convolutional
coding
20
channel
capacity
Capacity
15
3
4
5
The number of users K
about
12dB
about
12dB
8
29
IDMA-OFDM
IDMA
IFFT
channel
FFT
CBC
Basic Principle:
Randomly distribute information on the sub-carriers
on frequency- time.
Multi-layer structure using superposition coding.
Iterative detection.
This is proposed by Zhou et al and by Mahafeno et al. It has been
considered as an option in 3GPP LTE.
30
OFDM-IDMA vs BICM-OFDM
OFDM-IDMA
Multi-user
gain
OFDMA
Li Ping, Qinghua Guo, and Jun Tong, The OFDM-IDMA approach to wireless communication
systems, IEEE Wireless Commun. Mag., June 2007.
31
Outline
Introduction
Iterative detection
Performance evaluation
Multi-user gain in fading channels
Other applications
Conclusions
32
IDMA
user-1
d1
ENC1
x1
...
h1
user-k
dk
ENCk
xk
hk
r = hk x k + n
k =1
...
hK
user-K
dK
ENCK
xK
..
33
x1
...
layer-k
d
S/P
ENCk
xk
y = hk xk
k =1
...
layer-K
ENCK
xK
Jun Tong and Li Ping, Superposition coding with peak power limitation to appear in IEEE Trans
Inform. Theory. Available at http://www.ee.cityu.edu.hk/~liping/Research/Journal/index.html 34
1.0E-01
BER
1.0E-02
1.0E-03
SCM-OFDM
1.0E-04
BICM-OFDM
(SP mapping)
1.0E-05
1.0E-06
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Eb/No(dB)
BER
1.0E-02
BICM-OFDM
SP mapping
1.0E-03
1.0E-04
1.0E-05
SCM-OFDM
1.0E-06
8
10
11
12
Eb/No(dB)
1.0E-01
BER
1.0E-02
1.0E-03
BICM-OFDM
SP mapping
1.0E-04
SCM-OFDM
1.0E-05
1.0E-06
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Eb/No(dB)
x1
...
S/P
ENCk
xk
Antenna m
...
Antenna 1
layer-k
d
layer-K
ENCK
xK
Antenna M
Keying Wu and Li Ping, A Quasi Random Approach to Space-Time Coding IEEE Trans
Inform. Theory, pp. 1073 1085, March 2008.
38
1.E-01
IDM-ST Codes
Outage capacity
FER
1.E-02
2x1
1.E-03
4x1
1.E-04
10
15
20
E b /N 0 (dB)
25
30
39
Multi-Path Channels
r = Hx+
See
Xiaojun Yuan, Qinghua Guo, Xiaodong Wang and Li Ping, Evolution analysis of low-cost iterative
equalization in coded linear systems with cyclic prefixes, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun. Feb. 2008.
40
destination
source
41
42