4/6/2013

Manajemen Data
REFERENSI :
Data Management : Databases & Organization
(Richard T. Watson)
Database Design, Application Development and
Administration
(Michael V. Mannino)

SOFTWARE PENDUKUNG :
Sybase Power Designer 15.1
Oracle 10g XE
PostgreSQL 8.4

Outline Perkuliahan
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Overview : managing
g g data
Data modeling I
Data modeling II
Query formulation
Case study

6. Spatial data management

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7. Data processing architectures
8. Data mining
9. Data warehouse
10. Object oriented data management

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Overview :
Managing Data
Ref : Chapter 1
Data Management
Databases & Organization

Introduction
Thomas Watson, Jr. Former Chairman of IBM :
All
ll the
h value
l off this
hi company iis iin iits people.
l Iff you
burned down all our plants, and we just kept our people
and our information files, we should soon be as strong as
ever.
Imagine what would happen to the bank that lost the list
who owed money?
What would happen to the magazine that lost the names
and addresses of its subsribers?
Both individuals or organizations need to manage their
data safely and efficiently

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Individual data management

Internal memoryy is limited
External memory extends internal
memory

Calendar
Organizing principles
Set amount of space
Ordering
Rapid access

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Address book
Organizing principles
Pre-formatted storage
space
Ordering
Rapid access

To do list
g
gp
p
Organizing
principles
Structure
Rapid scan support

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Common features of individual

data management
There is a storage medium
There is structure for storing data
The storage is organized for rapid data entry
and retrieval
The selection requires a trade-off decision
(e.g. portability vs spaciousness)

Comparison of data
management systems
Internal
Small
Fast
Convenient

External
Large
Slow
Need to have handy

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Organizational data
management
O
i ti
lik
l need
d to
t
Organizations,
like people,
remember many things
Deciding where and how to store data
frequently involves a trade-off
Organizational data are used by a
variety of information systems

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Types of information systems

Type of IS

System's purpose

TPS

Transaction processing system: Collects and stores data from routine

transactions

MIS

Management information system: Converts data from a TPS into

information for planning, controlling, and managing an organization

DSS

Decision support system: Supports managerial decision making by

providing models for processing and analysing data

EIS

Executive information system: Provides senior management with

information necessary to monitor organizational performance
performance, and
develop and implement strategies

OLAP

Online analytical processing: Presents a multidimensional, logical

view of data

Data
mining

Uses statistical analysis and artificial intelligence techniques to

identify hidden relationships in data

BI

Business intelligence: Systems for gathering, storing, analyzing, and

accessing data to improve decision-making

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The information systems

cycle

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Attributes of a data
management system
Shareable :
readily accessed by more than one person at a time

Transportable :
easily moved to a decision maker

Secure :
protected from destruction and unauthorized use

Accurate :
li bl precise
i records
d
reliable,

Timely :
current and up-to-date

Relevant :
appropriate to the decision
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Problems with data

management systems
Redundancy :
same data are stored in different systems

Lack of data control :

data are poorly managed

Poor interface :
data are difficult to access

Delays :
there
are ffrequently
delays
data
th
tl llong d
l
tto requestt s ffor d
t

Lack of reality :
do not reflect the complexity of the real world

Lack of data integration :

dispersed across different systems
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Data, information & knowledge

Data
Raw, unsummarized, and unanalyzed facts

Information
Data processed into a meaningful form
One person's information can be another's data

Knowledge
Knowing what information is required
Knowing what the information means

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Data, information & knowledge

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The challenge
g
Organizations
that effectivelyy use data,,
information, and knowledge are more
successful
The challenge is to develop data management
and exploitation skills across an organization
Many organizations do not make effective use
of the data they already have
Data management is an enduring problem for
nearly all organizations and societies

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