1.

Mucteba Uysal and Mansur Sumer: Carried out an experimental study on

using various mineral admixtures in partial replacement to cement in self
compacting concrete (SCC). The various fresh and hardened properties of SCC
has been evaluated. Ultrasonic pulse velocity test and sulphate test resistance were
conducted. The test results reveal that the use of fly ash and ground granulated
blast furnace slag significantly increased the flow character and the strength of
SCC.
Mucteba Uysal and Mansur Sumer, 2011, Performance of self-compacting
concrete containing different mineral admixtures, Construction and Building
Materials, Vol. 25 page no 41124120

2. P.L. Domone: This research paper deals with the several studies made by
various researchers on mechanical properties of SCC for past 70 years .Recent
studies on the hardened properties of self-compacting concrete reveals that the
substantial increase of the strength gain is attained when added mineral additives
like limestone is used as a partial replacement factor for cement. A similar or
higher value is obtained in all aspects of bond strength of reinforcing steel,
compressive strength and elastic modulus when compared with normally vibrated
concrete (NVC). Fracture toughness and ductility values remain similar or lower
than NVC.
P.L. Domone, 2007, A review of the hardened mechanical properties of Selfcompacting concrete, cement and concrete composites, vol29,page no 1-12
3. Yurtdas et al, N. Burlion et al , J.-F. Shao et al, A. Li.
Mature materials in cement greatly influence the drying effect for which the
increase in strength occurs due to hydration. This study of mechanical behaviour
of materials in cement gains a pioneering evolution in this field by increasing the
water- cement ratio from 0.5 -0.8. The mortars prepared with respective watercement ratio is studied for both compressive strength and bending characteristics
with the possible curing conditions. It reveals a result that strength increases with
uniaxial compression test and showed a greater influence of drying effect on
mechanical behaviour of cement materials.
Yurtdas et al, N. Burlion et al, J.-F. Shao et al, A. Li, 2011, Evolution of the
mechanical
behaviour of a high performance self-compacting concrete
under drying ,Cement & Concrete Composites vol 33,pp 380388
4. Issa Fadwa et al, Tasnimi Abbas Ali et al , Eilouch Nazih et al ,
Mirzabagheri Sara

Paper studied the static cyclic loading effect of a pair of both beam
column joins of RC wide frames and conventional frames. A hysteresis response
and a great dissipation of energy while applied to cyclic loadings are observed for
the RC wide frames. Unless the occurrence of brittle failure, transverse beams
possessing a longitudinal reinforcement helps in the flexural hinging mechanism
which is less affected. And experimentally studied this effects by conducting
LVDT tests and checking the respective ACI codes.
Issa Fadwa et al, Tasnimi Abbas Ali et al , Eilouch Nazih et al , Mirzabagheri
Sara, 2014, Reinforced concrete wide and conventional beamcolumn
connections subjected to lateral load, Engineering Structures vol.76, pp 3448
5. Gee-Joo Ha et al , Chang-Geun Cho et al , Hyun-Wook Kang et al, Luciano
Feo et al (2013)
The beam column connections with no seismic specifications face a
serious structural in stability, as these are prior prone to earthquake loads. CFRP
hexagonal bars and jackets are some of the effective strategies that can be adopted
to mitigate against this environmental hazard. This paper investigates the viability
of the various CFRP products that can be used in conjunction with the concrete
beam -column joints. This design criterion enables the cyclic loading effects of
beam column joints which reduces the risk factor.
Gee-Joo Ha et al, Chang-Geun Cho et al, Hyun-Wook Kang et al , Luciano
Feo et al , 2013, Seismic improvement of RC beamcolumn joints using
hexagonal CFRP bars combined with CFRP sheets ,Composite Structures,vol
95, pp464470
6. Ali A. Abbas et al, Sharifah M. Syed Mohsin et al, Demetrios M. Cotsovos
A software analysis is successfully carried out in this investigative paper.
ABAQUS software experimentally showed the results of finite element analysis
for beam column connections embedded with steel fiber reinforced concrete.
This analysis is done to investigate the practicability of steel- fiber concrete in
beam column connections for an effective precaution against seismic forces. The
3D analysis of frame is subjected to cyclic loading and an axial force on column.
This investigation reveals that an optimum usage of steel- fiber is an effective
substitute for the normal reinforced concrete.
Ali A. Abbas et al, Sharifah M. Syed Mohsin et al, Demetrios M. Cotsovos et
al, 2014, Seismic response of steel fibre reinforced concrete beamcolumn
joints, Engineering Structures,vol 59, page no 261283

7. Jalil Shafaei et al , Abdollah Hosseiniet al, Mohammd Sadegh Marefat,

Present seismic norms and guidelines are not satisfied by the earlier
construction practices. These existing structures can be modified by seismic
retrofitting method .A portion for e.g beam column connections can be
retrofitted by 2D enlargement using prestressed steel angles. The structural
properties of beam column joints are improved according to the design seismic
codes practiced according to the latest revision. It enhances the bond between
reinforcement in beam and concrete and relocates the plastic hinges. Retrofitting
method concerned on ductility, strength and stiffness factors also.
Seismic retrofit of external RC beamcolumn joints by joint enlargement
using prestressed steel angles Jalil Shafaei , Abdollah Hosseini, Mohammd
Sadegh Marefat, Engineering Structures 81 (2014) 265288
8. Givanildo Azeredo and Marcelo Diniz
This literature carried out an effective study on the usage of industrial by
product as a replacement for cement. Kaolin waste inclusion in SCC enhances its
fresh properties like filling, passing and resistances segregation. And this usage of
waste is a considerable effect of reducing the environmental pollution. Optimum
dosage is found out practicability by conducting marsh funnel and mini slump test.
Several trials are done to investigate the fresh state tests and arrived at the
specified limits according to the guidelines. Mix design with optimum dosage of
materials is arrived.
Givanildo Azeredo and Marcelo Diniz 2013, Self-compacting concrete
obtained by the use of kaolin wastes ,Construction and Building
Materials,vol.38, pp 515523
9. Bernardinus Herbudimana and Adhi Mulyawan Saptajia
Literature study discusses the use of SCC as a productive solution for resisting the
seismic loads since it possesses some varied properties like filling ability, passing
ability and resistance to segregation. The research paper reveals that the design of
SCC with various mix proportions, varying the water- cement ratio from 0.35- 2,
traditional roof tile powder used as a replacement for cement from 0-30%,
superplasticizer dosage from 0.5 to 1.5 % powder weight are adopted to get an
ideal mix design . Optimum values are arrived by comparing the results obtained
from the fresh tests carried out. And an ideal mix is obtained after the anslysis of
the various tests carried out.

Bernardinus Herbudimana and Adhi Mulyawan Saptajia,2013,SelfCompacting Concrete with Recycled Traditional Roof Tile Powder
Procedia Engineering, vol54,pp 805 816
10. Binu Sukumar et al, K. Nagamani et al R. Srinivasa Raghavan,
Construction and Building Materials 22 (2008) 13941401
Literature deals with the usage of powder content and the amount of
fines of cement and mineral additives that can offer a less segregation resistance
and reduces the bleeding effect of concrete especially helps in improving the
properties of self-compacting concrete. A comparative study on strength gain is
established in this paper between the SCC produced with high volume flyash and
conventional concrete at different curing conditions. And a similar or slightly
higher value of strength is obtained for various grades of SCC than the normally
vibrated concrete.
Binu Sukumar et al, K. Nagamani et al, R. Srinivasa Raghavan, (2008)
,Evaluation of strength at early ages of self-compacting concrete with high
volume fly ash, Construction and Building Materials , vol22,pp13941401
11. Mostafa Jalal et al, Ali et al, Ramezanianpour et al Morteza Khazaei Pool
Paper discusses on the split tensile strength properties of SCC. Even the
rheological parameters and the micro structural properties are taken care off for
SCC with low volume flyash and TiO2. Low volume flyash replaced 5, 10 and 15
% with cement and 20 nm TiO2 particles are also added to enhance the properties
of SCC. It was observed experimentally that more than 4 % wt of TiO2 causes
reduction in the split tensile strength because of the production of the crystalline
Ca(OH)2.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X- ray diffraction are also
conducted for the SCC mixes with the replacement and optimum dosage of
TiO2and low volume Flyash.
Mostafa Jalal et al, Ali et al, Ramezanianpour et al Morteza Khazaei Pool
(2013), Split tensile strength of binary blended self compacting concrete
containing low volume fly ash and TiO2 nanoparticles, Composite, vol. Part B
55 ,pp 324337
12. A method for mix-design of fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete
Liberato Ferrara et al, Yon-Dong Park et al, Surendra P. Shah d,A method
for mix-design of fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete
Paper experimentally investigates the wide use of fibers in conjunction with self
compacting concrete. The authors proposed a new mix design method for fiber

reinforced SCC (SFRSCC) were they had done investigations on the fiber matrix
bond with self- compacting concrete. A comparative study has been done with
both plane reinforced sections and with SFRSCC. Both rheological and
mechanical properties were studied in detail.
Liberato Ferrara et al, Yon-Dong Park et al, Surendra P. Shah d,A method
for mix-design of fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete, Cement and
Concrete Research 37 (2007) 957971
13. V. Corinaldesi and G. Moriconi
SCC is accepted as an innovative form of normally vibrated concrete where it
exhibits a high flowing ability through congested reinforcement and also popular
as well as for its good cohesiveness. Hence the paper deals with the study of
rheological properties and its stability in the fresh concrete.Industrial by- products
used as the mineral additions enhances the flowability of the SCC mortar paste .
Better strength properties are attained when rubble powder and recycled coarse
aggregates are used in its optimized proportions.
V. Corinaldesi and G. Moriconi , The role of industrial by-products in selfcompacting concrete , (2011) Construction and Building Materials 253181
3186
14. P.L. Domone
Detailed study of 68 literature reviews have been discussed in this
publication with the collected experimental datas.This well investigates the flow
parameters and strength properties of past 11 years case studies. Optimum mix
proportion dosage of superplacsticizer and influence of VMA to improve the
cohesiveness of the mix is clearly plotted by noting the variations from different
cases obtained. And this paper also will be useful for the reference on the short
note on the knowledge of SCC and its future investigation
P.L. Domone, Self-compacting concrete: An analysis of 11 years of case
studies, (2006) ,Cement & Concrete Composites, vol.28, pp 197208
15. Eva Vejmelkovaet al, Martin Keppert et al, Stefania Grzeszczyk et al,
Bartomiej Skalin ski et al, Robert .
This experimental study evaluates the rheological and mechanical stability
of SCC with various mineral additions used as a partial replacement for cement
.The industrial by products can be used as effective replacement for various
components especially for cement. The metakaolin is one of the mineral
admixtures, its strength and durability compared with any other mineral additions
is superior. Metakaolin yields a high compressive strength than the blast furnace
slag. These hardened properties are experimentally evaluated in this literature.
Properties of self-compacting concrete mixtures containing metakaolin and
blast furnace slag, Eva Vejmelkovaet al, Martin Keppert et al, Stefania

Grzeszczyk et al, Bartomiej Skalin ski et al, Robert,Construction and

Building Materials 25 (2011) 13251331
16. H. Mazaheripour et al, S. Ghanbarpouret al, S.H. Mirmoradi et al, I.
Hosseinpour
This literature analyzes the effect of light- weight self compacting
concrete(LECA). Rheological properties like flowability, filling, passing ability,
and resistance to segregation is well examined and studied by various trial mixes
tested and analyzed. Compressive and split tensile strength are the mechanical
properties analyzed for the trail mixes with added polypropelene fibres and are
noticed unaffected by this additions. Addition of fibres at their maximum
percentages increases the tensile strength and flexural strength from 14.4 % and
10.7 % respectively.
H. Mazaheripour et al, S. Ghanbarpouret al, S.H. Mirmoradi et al, I.
Hosseinpour , (2011), The effect of polypropylene fibers on the properties of
fresh and hardened lightweight self-compacting concrete, Construction and
Building Materials, vol 25 351358
17. V. Corinaldesi and G. Moriconi
Analyzed the fruitful usage of industrial by- products in high flowability
concrete like self compacting concrete. High flowability and filling ability can
be assessed by the various fresh state tests done and experimentally carried out
various trail mixes with 0.45 water- cement ratio .Flyash or recycled powder is
used as a partial replacement for cement. Compressive strength determined after
1,3,7 and 28 days of concrete. The results obtained that the SCC produced with
rubble powder and coarse aggregate powder is unaffected by its mechanical
strength and possesses a good fresh SCC properties.
The role of industrial by-products in self-compacting concrete,V. Corinaldesi
and G. Moriconi Construction and Building Materials 25 (2011) 31813186
18. Abid A. Shah and Y. Ribakov
SFHSC is a innovative material in civil and structural engineering for its improved
design methods and for its aesthetic appearance. It attracts the designers and
architects, as a result of this increased application many experiments are
conducted to evaluate its properties and evolved new rules and regulations for
proper design. Experimentally evaluated the optimum dosage of steel fibers to be
used in the construction. The non destructive testing methods evaluate the effect of
most design criteria and its control. It also reviews the possible ways of
developing modern design techniques for SFHSC structures with provisions of
existing codes and standards.
Abid A. Shah et al, Y. Ribakov et al, 2011, Recent trends in steel fibered highstrength concrete, Materials and Design, vol 32 ,pp 41224151

19. Esraa Emam Ali and Sherif H. Al-Tersawy

Using recycled glass as a partial replacement for concreting is the main
objective of this review. More quality controlled SCC is made by conducting and
analyzing various test results. SCC has revolutionized and used worldwide since it
possesses many advantages when compared to the normal concrete. SCC mix with
various cement content and fine aggregates in the proportion of 0-50% were
tested. Increase in the use of more glass fiber increases the slump flow, tensile and
flexural strength. The results showed that the glass fiber can be successfully used
as an effective replacement for SCC.
Esraa Emam Ali and Sheriff H. Al-Tersely, (2012,Recycled glass as a partial
replacement for fine aggregate in self compacting concrete, Construction and
Building Materials 35 785791
20. W.T. Lee, Y.J. Chiou, and M.H. Shih
This study proposes an effective strategy to enhance stiffness of beam
column joints and also to predict an analytic model to predict the column shear of
the joints with CPRF. Comparison between three interior frames and with a
normal concrete frame was analyzed. This method increases the strength, stiffness
and ductility criteria. It also transforms the loadings to adjacent beams. Hence the
proposed model accurately predicts the results of column shear and shear
strength of the joints manufactured with CFRP from the experimental and analysis
results.
W.T. Lee, Y.J. Chiou, and M.H. Shih , Reinforced concrete beamcolumn
joint strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer
21. Kazim Turk
The main objective of the paper is to investigate the alternative cementitious
materials used to improve the fresh and hardened properties of Self- compacting
concrete by the binary and ternary blends. Various fresh and mechanical properties
were analyzed to give the experimental results for the cementitious blends and the
control mixture which contains only cement. Flexural strength obtained was
slightly higher for the binary and ternary blends than the control mixture. Binary
and ternary mix contains the blends of Portland cement, silica fume and flyash.
Hence the result shows that the better fresh properties and hardened properties are
obtained with various cementitious blends used as a partial replacement.
Kazim Turk , (2012Viscosity and hardened properties of self-compacting
mortars with binary and ternary cementitious blends of fly ash and silica
fume, Construction and Building Materials 37,pp 326334

22. Quintilio Piattoni, Enrico Quagliarini and, Stefano Lenci

This paper gives brief information about the mechanical properties of
earthen bricks which is fabricated by manual compaction that have been
scrutinized by a combined theoretical and experimental approach. Several
compression tests have been carried out on specimen having different composition
and dimensions with the purpose of determining the role of volume fraction of
earth, sand and straw fiber and the size effect. Another dominant objective is to
find out the application of predictive model of the elastic properties, materials and
the assessment is considered between the compressive strength and experimental
youngs modulus.
Quintilio Piattoni, Enrico Quagliarini , Stefano Lenci, (2011) , Experimental
analysis and Modeling of the mechanical behaviour of earthen bricks,
Construction and Building Materials 25 ,pp20672075
23. concrete, Gritsada Sua-iam et al , Natt Makul
This study deals with the general by- product of industrial grit blasting operation is
alumina. Alumina is harmless in nature but when defiled with a heavy metals it
becomes hazardous in nature. The concrete industry started to use the solid waste
additive as to address the environmental problems. The study says that AW can be
practically used as an substitute for fine aggregate in SCC. The mixture was
contrived to bring a controlled slump flow diameter. The fine aggregate was was
substituted by 100 of AW by its weight. The properties such as rheological and
mechanical were determined. By adding AW the filling, passing abilities
decreased accordingly. The mixture having 75 % of AW in it will have a
compressive strength of 20 Mpa at 3 days and45.3 Mpa at 28 days.
Gritsada Sua-iam et al , Natt Makul , 2013, Use of recycled alumina as fine
aggregate replacement in Self-compacting concrete, , Construction and
Building Materials 47, pp.701710
24. Monalisa Behera et al,S.K. Bhattacharyyaet al, A.K. Minocha, R. Deoliya
Objective is to show the attaining of sustainable development by possible
use of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition wastes there by
reducing the energy consumption and environmental degradation. Now days these
has become the prime importance of depleting the soil layers by the accumulation
of solid waste. The demolition of structures causes a large accumulation of waste
and these can be collected and recycled for further construction use. And also
these literatures studies about the practical ill effects of using recycled aggregates.
Hence preserve the natural resources for the future use.
Monalisa Behera et al,S.K. Bhattacharyyaet al A.K. Minocha et al R. Deoliya,
(2014) , S. Recycled aggregate from C&D waste & its use in concrete A

Breakthrough towards sustainability in construction sector: A review,

MaitiConstruction and Building Materials 68 501516
25. P. Pereira et al, L. Evangelista et al J. de Brito
The crushed aggregates can be recycled and reused for the further
construction practices thereby preserving the abiotic resources. This experimental
paper evaluates the fine recycled aggregates used in concrete with two types of
superplasticizers used and studied the detrimental effects of using superplasticizers
with recycled aggregates. This paper presents the experimental results of the
mechanical properties such as the compressive strength, split tensile strength and
elastic modulus.
P. Pereira a, L. Evangelista b, J. de Brito a, The effect of superplasticizers on
the mechanical performance of concrete made with fine recycled concrete
aggregates Cement & Concrete Composites 34 (2012) 10441052
26. F. Moreno 1et al M. Sol et al, J. Martn, M et al, Prez et al, M.C. Rubio
This study proposes the usage of crumb rubber in bituminous mixes. A
comparative study is established between the asphalt mix and polymer modified
bitumen. CRM possesses better properties as it shows a superior mix in improved
modulus and resist the plastic deformation. The mixes produced were undergone
with wheel tracking test and cyclic tri axial test, examines the viability of its when
subjected to large impact loads in large traffic volumes. This experimental study
concludes that the CRM increases the resistance to deformation caused in roads.
F. Moreno et al, M. Sol, J. Martn et al M. Prez et alM.C. Rubio, The effect
of crumb rubber modifier on the resistance of asphalt mixes
to plastic deformation, Materials and Design 47 (2013) 274280
27. Ali Nazari , Shadi Riahi ites: Part B 42 (2011) 167175
The experimental study of the Zno2 nano particles in SCC mix are investigated in
this paper. 15 nm size Zno2 particles are used for testing its flexural strength and
are used a partial replacement for cement. The optimum proportion of 4 % wt
nanoparticles can give effective replacement with cement and exhibits a
acceptable flow properties within the SCC limits. This when added in its optimum
proportion can increase Ca (OH)2 amount for hydration process. The studies
revealed that its dosage can enhance the rheological and mechanical properties of
SCC
Ali Nazari , Shadi Riahi ites, The effects of zinc dioxide nanoparticles on
flexural strength of self-compacting Concrete Part B 42 (2011) 167175
28. Viviana et al. Letelier Gonzalez et al, Giacomo Moriconi
A comparative study on beam Column joints are established in this paper.Beam
column joints made in accordance with EUROCODE 8 and one manufactured
with a replaced recycled coarse aggregate is studied in detail.. these beam column

joints are studied under the cyclic loading effects. This paper experimentally
proved that all properties are similar for both conventional concrete and those
manufactured with ordinary concrete with 30 % replacement of coarse aggregates
Viviana C. et al, Letelier Gonzalez et al, Giacomo Moriconi et al,The
influence of recycled concrete aggregates on the behavior of beamcolumn
joints under cyclic loading, Engineering Structures 60 (2014) 148154
29 . Adel Gorjinia Khoshkenari et al , Payam Shafigh et al , Mahmoud
Moghimi
The objective of the study is to establish a good use of recycled aggregates of size
0-2mm in concrete mix producing standard properties of strength and workability.
And the study revealed that the use of RCA cause a decrease in splitting and
compressive strength that used with normal aggregates. This was found that a use
silica fume can improve the strength properties of RCA s. Hence a more
pronounced RCA s are obtained and can effectively used in the concrete
construction.
Adel Gorjinia Khoshkenari et al, Payam Shafigh et al, Mahmoud Moghimi et
al Hilmi Bin Mahmud, The role of 02 mm fine recycled concrete aggregate
on the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of recycled concrete
aggregate concrete, Materials and Design 64 (2014) 345354