:

.
(

) Frame System
Shear Wall
:
.
.
.

.
.

.1
.2
.3
.4

Design and Cost Comparison Between Frame & Shear Walls

Structural Systems for Multi Story Buildings
Tarek Edrees Saaed
Assistant Lecturer - College of Engg. Univ. of Mosul

Abstract
The goal behind this research is to highlight on structural systems using shear walls; this
approach is widely used in many countries, due to its desired features,. Shear walls are often
considered issential in the design of building to resist seismic action.
The research includes designing a multi story building according to a specific plan using
frame system and other one for the same building using shear walls, then comparing between
the two designs to determine the main differences in between the two design. The research
focused on the following points:
1. maximum displacement of the two cases.
2. Quantity of concrete for the construction.
3. Reinforcement steel for the construction.
4. Quantity of formwork, and the required duration to implement each system. The
results show that Shear Wall System is the best alternative system.
Key words : Structural System , Shear Wall , Frame System , Multi Storey Design
2008/4/29

2007/11/6
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Al-Rafidain Engineering

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:
:(

((1)

-1

1-1

) beam
.
.

(20-15)
. [1]

(15-10)
.
(beams)
(beams)
. [2]

. [1]

: ( 1)
:

.((2)

2-1
.

.
...

.
.
.
35

: ( 2)

. [1]

: ( 3)

( 30-20 )
. ( 20-15)
:
:
.((3)

3-1

)
.

(60-30)
. (35-20)
.

. [1]
36

Al-Rafidain Engineering

Vol.17

No.1

Feb. 2009
:

-2

,(

)
( 8,7,6,5,4)

. 6.0

Y
Y

Z
Z

: (5)

: (4)
:

1-2
:

(1-1-7)

0.2
0.3

[3]
2

0.6
0.30

0.50
0.3

0.1

0.06
(

0.40
1.0
. 0.4

(Fc = 25 Mpa)
.(fy = 400 Mpa)
(
:

)
2005 ACI

9.5

:
9.5 a

400

350
. 0.3 =

325
37

450

:
9.5.3.3
150 mm

:
) 125 mm

( 180 /

ACI 2005
.

9.5 c
fy
:

ACI 2005

9.5

( Drop panel )

, (125.0 mm )
(150.0 mm)

fy = 420 Mpa
.
ACI 2005
(

100
:

(200.0 mm )
:
1/25
mm

14.5.3
)
mm 190

.
.

6.0

150 =
2.0

0.01
1.0

(5)

Staad.Pro 2006

:
:

2- 2

.
3 kN/m2

:
(

:
6

20 kN/m.l
kN/m2

)
(

.(

&

)
:

3-2

5 kN/m

(
STAAD PRO 2006
UBC 1985 (Uniform Building Code )
:
( (1)
)

38

Al-Rafidain Engineering
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No.1
4

Feb. 2009
5

c1

c2

c2

c2

c2

c1

c2

c3

c3

c3

c3

c2

c2

c3

c3

c3

c3

c2

c1

c2

c2

c2

c2

c1

Vol.17

Columns plan
All dimensions in meter

: ( 6)
2

B7

B5

B9

B8
B4

B7

B6

B6

B1

B 10

B2

B3

Beams plan
All dimensions in meter

: ( 7)
39

:
2

6
w9

w24

w10

w11

w21

w22

w25

w26

w12

A
w23

w7

w8

w17

w18

w5

w13
D

w6
w19

w20

w2

w3

w14

w1

w15

w4

w16

Shear wall locations plan

: ( 8)
. [6],[5],[4]

: (1)

Z .1
I .2
K .3

0.2
1.0
1.0
ELEMENT LOAD = 11.0 kN/m2
:
=D.L + 25 % L.L
=3.0 (F.L.) + 6.0 (Wall D.L) +0.25x 5.0 (L.L)
.
: [8],[7]

ELEMENT LOAD

11.0 kN
4-2

Load Combination
.

U = 1.2 D.L + 1.6 L.L

.
U = 1.2 D.L + 1.6 L.L(1,2)
.

(X & Z )

U = 1.2 D.L + 1.0 L.L+ 1.0 E

(X & Z )
.
U = 1.2 D.L + 1.0 E
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Feb. 2009
(2)

: (2)

LOAD CASE NO.

LOADTYPE

Load 1
Load 2
Load 3
Load 4
Load 5
Load 6
Load 7
Load 8
Load 9

Gravity
Dead - (F.L.)
Live -(TOTAL L.L.)
Live (L.L.1)
Live (L.L.2)
Seismic +ve X- dir.
Seismic -ve X - dir.
Seismic +ve Z- dir.
Seismic -ve Z - dir.

Load combination (Ultimate)

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination
Load combination

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.

Load combination (Working)

Load combination 21
Load combination 22
Load combination 23
Load combination 24
Load combination 25
Load combination 26
Load combination 27
Load combination 28
Load combination 29
Load combination 30
Load combination 31

1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 3 x1.6

1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 4 x 1.6
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 5 x 1.6
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 3 x 1.0 + 6 x 1.0
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 3 x 1.0 + 7 x 1.0
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 3 x 1.0 + 8 x 1.0
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 3 x 1.0 + 9 x 1.0
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 6 x 1.0
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 7 x 1.0
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 8 x 1.0
1 x 1.2 + 2 x 1.2 + 9 x 1.0

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 3 x 1.0

1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 4 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 5 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 3 x 1.0 + 6 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 3 x 1.0 + 7 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 3 x 1.0 + 8 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 3 x 1.0 + 9 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 6 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 7 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 8 x 1.0
1 x 1.0 + 2 x 1.0 + 9 x 1.0

41

:
( Working Loads
20

-3

(5,4,3)
15.0

.
a- Frame System
.

: (3)

b Shear Wall
.

15

: (4)

20

: (5)

42

Al-Rafidain Engineering

Vol.17

No.1
Node 11142

Node 5624

Feb. 2009

-b

15

-a

20

-c

Node 9821
. (Y)

: (9)
Frame System
:

(6)

Concrete Volume
Steel Required
Wooden Form Area
AConcrete Volume
Steel Required
Wooden Form Area

: (6)
Unit
m3
ton
m2

Frame Sytem
Columns
Beams
227.0
308.0
45.3
52.0
1545
2052.0

Slabs
732
81.5
4880

Sum
1267
178.8
8648

Shear Wall Sytem

Shear Walls
(15 cm thick)
m3
234.0
ton
108.5
2
m
3354.0

Slabs
(20 cm thick)
1080.0
92.5
5400.0

Sum

Shear Walls
(15 cm thick)
234.0
108. 5
3354.0

Slabs
(15 cm thick)
810.0
92.5
5400.0

BConcrete Volume
Steel Required
Wooden Form Area

1-3

m3
ton
m2

43

1314.0
201
8754
Sum
1044.0
201
8754

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: (11)

15.0

Items

Wall

HeightX
Length (m)

Thick.
(m)

Volume
(m3)

Surface
Area
(m2)

Steel for wall

( X Dir.)(kg)

Steel for wall

( Y Dir.)(kg)

.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
.10
.11
.12
.13
.14
.15
.16
.17
.18
.19
.20
.21
.22
.23
.24
.25
.26

W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
W7
W8
W9
W10
W11
W12
W13
W14
W15
W16
W17
W18
W19
W20
W21
W22
W23
W24
W25
W26

31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X6.0
31.0X6.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5

0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15

6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
27.0
27.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75

99
99
99
99
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
369.0
369.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
99
99
99
99

2897**
2897
2287
2287
1372
2897
2897
1372
2287
2287
2897
2897
2897
1372
2897
2897
1372
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897

1826
1539
1539
1329
1329
1539
1826
1329
1539
1329
1539
1329
1539
1329
1826
1539
1329
1826
1826
1826
1826
1826
1826
1826
1826
1539

234.0

3354.0

66782

41701

49

:
: (12)
.

20.0

Wall

HeightX
Length (m)

Thick.
(m)

Volume
(m3)

Surface
Area
(m2)

Steel for wall

( X Dir.)(kg)

Steel for wall

( Y Dir.)(kg)

.1

W1

31.0X1.5

0.15

6.75

99

2287**

1329

.2
.3

W2
W3

31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5

0.15
0.15

6.75
6.75

99
99

2897
2897

1539
1826

.4
.5

W4
W5

31.0X1.5
31.0X2.0

0.15
0.15

6.75
9.0

99
129.0

2287
2897

1539
1826

.6
.7

W6
W7

31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0

0.15
0.15

9.0
9.0

129.0
129.0

2897
2897

1826
1826

.8
.9

W8
W9

31.0X2.0
31.0X1.5

0.15
0.15

9.0
6.75

129.0
99

2897
2897

1826
1826

.10
.11
.12
.13
.14
.15
.16
.17
.18
.19
.20
.21
.22
.23

W10
W11
W12
W13
W14
W15
W16
W17
W18
W19
W20
W21
W22
W23

31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5
31.0X6.0
31.0X6.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X2.0
31.0X1.5

0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15

6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
6.75
27.0
27.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
6.75

99
99
99
99
99
99
99
369.0
369.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
99

2897
2897
2897
2287
1372
1372
2287
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897
2897

1826
1539
1826
1539
1329
1329
1329
1539
1539
1826
1826
1826
1826
1826

.24
.25

W24
W25

31.0X1.5
31.0X1.5

0.15
0.15

6.75
6.75

99
99

1372
1372

1329
1329

.26

W26

31.0X1.5

0.15

6.75

99

2287

1539

234.0

3354.0

66172

42485

Items

50

Al-Rafidain Engineering

.(

Vol.17

No.1

Feb. 2009

: (11)
51

.(

: (12)

20
52

Al-Rafidain Engineering

Vol.17

No.1

Feb. 2009
:

-4
.1

.
.2
.
%10

(15
.
20

.3
%5

15

.4
)
15

-5

"

-6
.1

"

.2

.
.

.(2000)

"

.(1995)
.1995

,"

.3

4. Naiem F., "The Seismic Design Handbook",Van Nostrand Reinhold (Structural

Engineering Series), pp. 449.
5. Temsah Y. and Jaber L., "Introduction to Building Stability and Bridge Design", Dar El
Rateb Al Jamiah, pp. 165.
6. Alsinawi A.S., "Seismological Engineering Considerations of the Eastern Arab Region",
ALGER, October 8-10 2001. pp. 1 13.
7. McCormac G.J., "Design of Reinforced Concrete", 5th ed., John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
2001, pp. 590.
8. Paulay T. and Park R., "Reinforced Concrete Structures", John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
1975, pp. 631.

53