EC635 Solutions Set#5:

V.1
(a) n=4
First, let us consider a seven-cell reuse pattern
The co-channel reuse ratio D/R=(3N)= (21)=4.583
n

SIR =

S
=
I

i0

( D )

D

R
i

3N

i =1

SIR=(1/6)(4.583)4=75.3=18.66dB
Since this is greater than the minimum required S/I, N=7 can be used.
(b) n=3
First, let us consider a seven-cell reuse pattern.
Using the above formula for SIR is given by
SIR=(1/6)(4.583)3=16.04=12.05dB
Since this less than the minimum required SIR, we need to use a larger than N
The next possible value of N is 12 (i=j=2).
The corresponding co-channel reuse ratio is D/R= (3N)= (36)=6
The SIR is given by
SIR=(1/6)(6)4=36=15.56dB
Since this is greater than the minimum required SIR, N=12 is used.
V.2
Uniform distribution of the UWB devices between the two concentric spheres is assumed
with N total number of UWB transmitters. The corresponding probability density
function of the UWB transmitters as a function of the radius r' is:

0,

pdf (r ) = 3r 2
r3 r3
max min

r < rmin and r > rmax

rmin < r < rmax

The mean interference level is obtained by summing up the mean received power from all
the interfering UWB transmitters, i.e, given by equation
rmax
3r 2
E{P} = PR = N P(r ) 3
dr
3
r

r
max
min
r = rmin
where P(r) is the received signal power of one UWB transmitter at the victim receiver as
a function of the distance between them
Assuming r-4 power law for PL model (a direct wave and a ground reflected wave), the
interference power generated by a UWB interferer, P(r), is given by

UWB
, d d0
4 r

P(d) =
2
2
d0

PUWB 4 r d + r , d > d 0
0

The total interference received by the victim is obtained as:

2

0
max
d 02

PR (r ) = 2 PUWB
dr
dr +
(d0 + r )2
4 r = rmin
r = d0
N
=
2
3
3
rmin
)
(rmax
3
is density of UWB transmitters per unit volume
To accommodate all the UWB interferers,
2
d02

IUWB = PR (r ) |rmax = 2 PUWB
d
r

0 min
rmin + d 0
4

V.3
M
10

10

kT

Gp =
F ( , , d0 , n )

where k is Boltzmann constant =1.3810-23 Joules/Kelvin and T is the temperature in

Kelvin approximately (300K) for environmental temperature
The above analysis is for a cellular receiver operating in a noise limited environment.
Thus we have considered the impact of the interference of UWB transmitters to the
receiver noise power. Noise limited cellular systems are generally found in areas with
low user density, such as rural areas. Cellular networks that are deployed in areas with
high user density such as urban areas are generally interference limited and require an
alternative equation for determining the maximum UWB PSD. In this case, a cellular
receiver is subject to co-channel interference (I0(W)) from the cellular system itself, in
addition to the interference from UWB transmitters.

where

 2
1
ln
2
d
+

0
( 8 )
(n 2)

F ( , , d0 , n ) =
2 d on2 2n n

(16 ) (2 n)

for

1
2d 02

for

<

1
2d 02

V.4

IUWB

GP BRX 2
=
ln
( 8 )

2 d0 +

1
(n 2)

Note that R0=1/ and RL=R0/2, so once RL is specified, we can find the
=1/(R0)2=(1/2)/(RL)2. =1/5000 UWB sources per m2. =c/f=0.1904m

G p = 10

IUWB

75
10

103 = 3.16 1011W / MHz; BWGPS = (1.61 0.96 ) GHz = 650 MHz

1
3.16 1011 650 (0.1904) 2

5000 ln 2 1 100 + 1
=

5000
(4
2)

( 8 )

1
3.16 1011 650 (0.1904) 2

5000

ln
=

( 8 )

1
4 104 100 +
2

1
3.16 1011 650 (0.1904) 2

5000

2 + 1
=
2
( 8 )
= 1.48 1013
= 128.3dB
Since GPS signals which are satellite based systems and it can be as weak as -130dBm,
the UWB interference for this case is extremely high. In practice GPS usually have much
lesser BW than what we have assumed here.
.