CLASS 1 & 2 ORAL ANSWERS ( PART 12 )

Insight - Vessel aground - action

Immediately reverse course if see it ahead (or unexpectedly).
Call master.
Switch on echo sounder.
Verify position on the chart.
Anchor if it is night and the aground vessel is not grounded in a charted shallow water.
Contact with the aground vessel, port authority or coastguard to ensure the position of
the shallow if it is not marked on the chart.
When vessel's position is established and it is ensured that the vessel is grounded in a
shallow patch marked on the chart, the voyage may be resumed.

Over taking ship

A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with a another vessel from a
direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam.
That is, in such a position with reference to the vessel she is overtaking, that at night she
would be able to see only the sternlight of that vessel but neither of her sidelights.
By day, the vessel should be seeing corresponding aspect.
When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume
that this is the case and act accordingly.
Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the
overtaking vessel a crossing vessel.

Crossing vessel
In a crossing situation, vessels will be watching each other masthead lights and any of the
sidelights.

Actions as per rule 19

If a vessel detects the presence of another vessel by radar alone,

If a close-quarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists,

She shall take avoiding action in ample time.

If such action consists of an alteration in course, she will not:

Alter course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel being
overtaken.
An alteration of course toward a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.

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 CLASS 1 & 2 ORAL ANSWERS ( PART 12 )

If any vessel which hears fog signal of another vessel

Apparently forward of her beam
Or if she cannot avoid a close-quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam,
Shall reduce her speed to be the minimum at which she can be kept on her course.
She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution
until danger of collision is over.

NAVIGATION IN NARROW
CHANNEL
ROR aspect:
Comply with rule No-9.
Keep as near to the outer limit of the channel which lies on the starboard side.
Vessels of less than 20m in length, sailing vessel and fishing vessels are not suppose to
impede our passage. However, comply with ROR if passage is impeded.
Shall not cross a narrow channel if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which
can safely navigate in a narrow channel.
If intend to overtake other vessel, sound appropriate signals (  • or   ••).
If the other vessel let us to overtake, she will assess the situation, take appropriate action
for safe overtaking and sound in( •  •) agreement.
When in a bend or an area where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening object,
shall navigate with particular caution and sound a prolonged blast.
Avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.

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 CLASS 1 & 2 ORAL ANSWERS ( PART 12 )

Seamanship aspect:
Engine at maneuvering speed.
Squat is calculated.
Speed is reduced.
Vessel on hand steering.
Extra look out posted.
Both the anchors are ready.
One person standby forward for emergency anchoring.
Bridge at alert status.
Know the shallow water effects, take appropriate actions when any of then noticed.
Interaction between the vessels.
Surging effect.
Reporting points.

Crossing vessel in TSS

Crossing from starboard side

I will take compass bearing, plot the vessel, determine if risk of collision exist.

If risk of collision exists then,

I am give way vessel as she is on my stbd side (or, fishing vessel).

If there is enough sea room,

I will sound one short blast
Supplemented by light at night
Alter course to starboard
Pass stern of the vessel
Maintain a cpa of 2 miles if situation permits.
Will keep in mind that a close quarter situation does not arise with other vessels in TSS.
If there is not sufficient sea room,
I will reduce speed.
Let the vessel pass ahead of me.
Maintain a cpa of about 2 miles.

Passing a mine clearance

vessel
When in risk of collision with a mine clearance vessel:

Give one short blast if altering to starboard.

Two short blasts if altering to port.

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 CLASS 1 & 2 ORAL ANSWERS ( PART 12 )

Supplemented by light at night.

Pass the mine clearance vessel two miles CPA.
CPA should not be less than one kilometer (6 cables).

Underway and making way

The word "underway" means a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or
aground.
"Making way" means the vessel is making way through water.
If the vessel is drifting and moving with current, she is underway but not making way.
If a vessel's engine is stopped, but she is still moving through water with the momentum,
she is making way.
A making way vessel has control on her rudder and direction.
All making way vessels are underway.
An underway vessel may not be making way.
The difference of light is only in:
A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver (Except vessel engaged in mine clearance
operations).
A vessel not under command.
A vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling.
A vessel engaged in trawling.
The difference of sound signal is in power driven vessel.

A single light may be:

A power driven vessel seen from astern.
A vessel less than 50 meters length, seen from ahead, side lights not yet visible.
A vessel less than 50 meters in length, at anchor.
A vessel less than 7 meters in length, speed not exceeding 7 kts.

Obligations of a stand-on vessel:

Maintain course and speed.
May take action to avoid collision when it becomes apparent that the other vessel is not
taking actions as per the rules.
May take action if she finds collision cannot be avoided by the give-way vessel's action
alone.
In a crossing situation, shall not alter course to port for a vessel to her port side, if
circumstances allow.

Obligation by give-way vessel:

Take early and substantial action to keep well clear.

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 CLASS 1 & 2 ORAL ANSWERS ( PART 12 )

Responsibility: Overtaking
The vessel overtaking the other will be responsible.
Vessel overtaking will keep out the way of the vessel being overtaken.
As a stand-on vessel, the vessel being overtaken will maintain her course and speed.

Action in fog
A target on port side:
If risk of collision exists:

Alter course to starboard.

Maintain a CPA of about 2 miles from the target.
Resume course after the target is well clear.

A target on starboard side:

If risk of collision exists:

If the target fwd of the beam, alter course to starboard.

If the target abeam or abaft the beam, alter course to port.
If it is being overtaken, alter course to port.
Maintain a CPA of about 2 miles from the target.
Resume course after target is well clear.

If hear fog signal forward of the vessel:

If it is not determined that risk of collision does not exist then,

Reduce speed to the minimum.

Take all way off if necessary.
Navigate with extreme caution.
Confirm the source of fog signal.
Resume course when the target is passed well clear.

Crossing vessel in TSS

Crossing from starboard side

I will take compass bearing, plot the vessel, determine if risk of collision exist.

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 CLASS 1 & 2 ORAL ANSWERS ( PART 12 )

If risk of collision exists then,

I am give way vessel as she is on my stbd side (or, fishing vessel).

If there is enough sea room,

I will sound one short blast
Supplemented by light at night
Alter course to starboard
Pass stern of the vessel
Maintain a cpa of 2 miles if situation permits.
Will keep in mind that a close quarter situation does not arise with other vessels in TSS.
If there is not sufficient sea room,
I will reduce speed.
Let the vessel pass ahead of me.
Maintain a cpa of about 2 miles.

Action with a seismic survey vessel

Upon seeing a seismic survey vessel:

Determine whether risk of collision exist or not.

If risk of collision exists, take early action and keep out the way of the vessel.
If altering to starboard, sound one short blast (supplemented by light at night).
If altering to port, sound two short blasts (supplemented by light at night).
Pass the stern of the vessel if possible, with a CPA 2 miles.