AISI 1018 Carbon Steel (UNS G10180)

AISI 1018 Carbon Steel (UNS G10180)

Topics Covered
Introduction
Chemical Composition
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Other Designations
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
Forming
Welding
Heat Treatment
Forging
Hot Working
Cold Working
Annealing
Applications

Introduction
There are many different categories of steel, and carbon steels are one such category that contains 0.12 to 2% carbon in them. The
steel gains hardness and strength with heat treatment when the carbon percentage content increases; however its ductility is
reduced.
AISI 1018 carbon steel is a free machining grade that is the most commonly available grade around the world. Although its
mechanical properties are not very unique, it still can be easily formed, machined, welded and fabricated.
The following sections will discuss in detail about AISI 1018 carbon steel.

Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of AISI 1018 carbon steel is outlined in the following table.
Element

Content (%)

Manganese, Mn

0.60-0.90

Carbon, C

0.15-0.20

Sulfur, S

0.05 (max)

Phosphorous, P

0.04 (max)

Iron, Fe

Balance

Physical Properties
The physical properties of AISI 1018 carbon steel are tabulated below.
Properties
Density

Metric
7.87 g/cm

Imperial
3

0.284 lb/in3

Mechanical Properties
The following table shows mechanical properties of cold drawn AISI 1018 carbon steel.
Properties
Tensile strength

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Metric

Imperial

440 MPa

63800 psi

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AISI 1018 Carbon Steel (UNS G10180)

Yield strength

370 MPa

53700 psi

Modulus of elasticity

205 GPa

29700 ksi

Shear modulus (typical for steel)

80 GPa

11600 ksi

Poissons ratio

0.29

0.29

Elongation at break (in 50 mm)

15%

15%

Hardness, Brinell

126

126

Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness)

145

145

Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness)

71

71

Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness)

131

131

Machinability (based on AISI 1212 steel. as 100 machinability)

70

70

Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of AISI 1018 carbon steel are given in the following table.
Properties
Thermal conductivity

Metric

Imperial

51.9 W/mK

360 BTU in/hr.ft2.F

Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to AISI 1018 carbon steel include the following.
AMS 5069

ASTM A29

ASTM A512

ASTM A611 (D-1)

ASTM A635

AMS 5069A

ASTM A510

ASTM A794

ASTM A519

ASTM A544

ASTM A108

ASTM A513

ASTM A830

ASTM A545

ASTM A548

ASTM A549

ASTM A659

SAE J412

SAE J1397

MIL S-11310 (CS 1018)

ASTM A576

SAE J403

SAE J414

MIL J-1397

MIL J-403

MIL J-412

Fabrication and Heat Treatment

Machinability
AISI 1018 carbon steel is rated at 62% of AISI 1112 carbon steel. Machining provides this alloy with a fine finish, with continuous and
hard chips. It is possible to machine this alloy in all conditions.

Forming
It is easy to form AISI 1018 carbon steel in the annealed condition.

Welding
AISI 1018 carbon steel can be welded using most of the conventional methods such as gas, oxyacetylene, resistance, and
submerged melt welding.

Heat Treatment
AISI 1018 carbon steel can be case hardened to Rc 42, but only in thin sections. In case of thicker sections of over 4 in., Rc 28-30
can be obtained.

Forging
Forging of AISI 1018 carbon steel can take place in the range of 996-1260C (1825-2300F).

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AISI 1018 Carbon Steel (UNS G10180)

Hot Working
AISI 1018 carbon steel can be easily hot worked.

Cold Working
Cold working AISI 1018 carbon steel will affect the hardness and mechanical properties. Intermediate annealing has to be performed
to overcome the alloys tendency to work harden.

Annealing
Complete annealing of this alloy can be achieved by soaking at 899C (1650F) followed by furnace cooling. Process annealing can
be done at 649C (1200F).

Applications
AISI 1018 carbon steel is commonly used in high volume screw machine parts applications. The other applications of this alloy are as
follows:
Shafts
Spindles
Pins
Rods
Sprocket assemblies.
Date Added: Jun 7, 2013 | Updated: Jun 17, 2013

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