Hemisphere (180 deflection)

Gradient =

=
=
= 4.056106 m.

DISCUSSION
1. Discuss the differences obtained from the experiment as compared to theoretical calculation.
It is because the theoretical calculations are based on the formula. Therefore, there were error
when carry out the experiment.
2. Discuss possible factors influencing the results of experiment.
The errors in measurement.
Human errors.
3. Give examples of uses of water jet momentum in Civil Engineering.
a Turbine.
b Pump.
c Propeller.

CONCLUSION
From the results, draw conclusion and recommendation of the experiment.
The flowing liquid produces a force when the rate of flow momentum is changes. The force is called as
hydro dynamic force. Hydrodynamic force is produced from the changes of momentum can be used in
water jet to move the turbine to produce the hydroelectric.