DC Machines Lab

MACHINES
Aim:
To determination the efficiency of two mechanically coupled series
machines by conducting fields test.

Name Plate Details(To be noted Down from the Machine)

S.No
1
2
3
4

Parameters
Rated voltage
Rated current
Rated speed
Rated power

Motor

Generator

Apparatus:
S.No
1.
2
3.
4.

Equipment
Voltmeter
Ammeter
Resistive load
Connecting wires

Range

Type

Qty

Theory:
This test is applicable for two series machines which are coupled
mechanically. Series machines cannot be tested on no load conditions due to
dangerous high speeds. One machine normally run as motor and drives generator
whose output is wasted in a variable load R. The fields of two machines are
connected in series in order to make iron losses of both the machines equal.

Circuit diagram:
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Electrical & Electronics Department CJITs
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DC Machines Lab

DPST Switch

2 point starter
L A

DPST Switch

+
A

Y
230 V
DC
Supply

YY

+ A

+
V

M
M

_ AA

A
G

AA

YY

Resistive Load

Fuse 20A

Armature Resistance (Ra):DPST

FUSE 5A

+
A

230 V
DC
Suppl
y

+
M

AA

Series Field Resistance (Rse):-

DPST

FUSE 5A

+
A

230 V
DC
Suppl
y

+
V

YY

Procedure:
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Electrical & Electronics Department CJITs
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DC Machines Lab
1. Connect the circuit as per the circuit diagram.
2. There is always more than half load on the gen to avoid the dangerous
speed.
3. Care must be taken while performing the experiments, because there are
series machines, thus it has dangerous starting torque as well as speed to
avoid the condition more than half load should be maintained on motor.
4. Start the D.C motor by using the 2-point starter while load on the gen
should be adjusted to rated value by changing the load switch.
5. Tabulate the readings of the motor and gen using V & I should be rated
values.
6. Open the DPST for stopping the machine.
7. Take readings of armature and series field resistance of machine by using
DMM.

Observations:
V1 = 196V
I1 = 12.3A
RAM = 1
RseM = 1.1

V2 =230V
I2 = 7.5A
RAG = 2
RseG = 1.2

V = 204V

Calculations:
V= voltage supplied
V1 = motor input voltage
V2 = generator output terminal voltage
I1 = motor input current
I2 = generator output current
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

Power input of M-G set = VI1 watts

Power output of M-G set = V2I2 watts.
Total ohmic losses WC = I12 (RAM + RseG + RseM )+ I22 RAG Watts
No load rotational losses in M-G set WO = W- WC Watts
Rotational losses of each machine WS = WO/2 Watts

Motor efficiency:
Motor input = V1I1 Watts
Motor losses = (RAM + RseM) I12+ WS Watts
Efficiency = Motor input - Motor losses / (Motor input)
Generator efficiency:
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Electrical & Electronics Department CJITs
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DC Machines Lab
Generator output =
Field loss =
Armature copper losses =
Total losses WG =
Efficiency =

V2I2
Watts
2
I1 RseG Watts
I22 RAG Watts
I22 RseG+ I22 RAG+ WS Watts
(output )/ output + losses

Model graphs:
(%)

Generat
or
Motor

Output

Result:
By conducting the fields test we found the efficiency of series machines
(motor and generator).

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Electrical & Electronics Department CJITs
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