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MODERN BEE

KEEPING AND HONEY


PROCESSING
TECHNOLOGY
Written By :

EIRI Consultants and Engineers

Copy Reserved by Sudhir Gupta, Delhi

ISBN : 978-81-39765-14-9

4449, Nai Sarak, Main Road, Delhi-110 006 (India)


E-Mail : eiritechnology@gmail.com
Website: www.eiriindia.org

Click Here to Buy This Book Online

Preface
Honeybees are true social insects that live in large colonies of 10 to 100
thousand. They belong to the animal group "Insecta" which ordinarily are
known for their solitary existance, high reproductive capacity, very functional
and protective body structure and the habit of persistence. Every one has
heard of the story of "Spider and King Bruce" in a cave where he saw her
make seven attempts to reach the ceiling. Spiders are first cousins of insects
and are very similar in habits. Owing to their solitary existance almost all
insects are subject to the theory of chance for their survival under given
circumstances. However, social honeybees are different, since they have to
live in colonies, maintain a certain temperature for rearing their young ones
and stock sufficient food stores for themselves and their progeny. The presence
of food being prominent in their house (combs), and they having stock of
sweet honey, are in constant danger of attack from wild animals and man.
They are evolved for a specialized life of different castes and "functions" and
they are also in possessions of defence mechanisms to combat the attacks
of enemies.
The book 'Modern Bee Keeping & Honey Processing Technology'
covers various methods including Honey, Introductory, Life of the Honey
Bee, Species of Bee Keeping, Site Selection and Arrangement of Apiary,
Beehive, Food Gathering by Bees, Beekeeping, Management of Bee Colonies,
Pest Management and Diseases, Extraction of Honey & Processing, Honey
Extraction, Quality of Honey, Equipments, Economics of Bee-keeping, Honey
Based Formulations, Flavour Formulations based on Honey, Honey a
Miraculous Food, Hard Honey Cider, Hard Cider Formulae, Plant Economics
Honey Processing & Packing & Plant Economics of Bee Keeping.
The book has been written for the benefit and to prove an asset and a
handy reference guide in the hands of new entrepreneurs and well established
industrialists.

Director

Nai Sarak, Main Road,


Delhi-110 006 (India)
E-mail : eiribooks@yahoo.com

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CONTENTS AND SUBJECT INDEX


Chapter

Page No. Chapter


1

Honey

1-4

- Adulteration of Honey
- Fiehe's Test
- Other Test to be Applied to
Honey Specific Rotation
- Sucrose
- Reducing Sugars
- Microscopic Examination
- Honey
- Chemicals for Flavour Matching
- Uses and Notes

2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
4

Introductory

5-10
3

Life of the Honey Bee


-

Caste System
Body Structure
Life History
Jobs of Worker Bees
Doings of a Drone
The Remarkable Queen Bee
Swarming
Communication Among Bees

11-29
11
13
19
20
22
22
25
26

Species of Bee Keeping


-

Species of Honey Bee


Indian Bee
Rock Bee
Little Bee
Italian Bee
Colony Organization
Queen
Worker
Drone
Development of Honey Bee
How to Differntiate Castes?
What is a Colony Nest?
How do Bees Communicate
with each other?

30-36
30
30
31
31
31
31
31
32
33
33
33
34
34

Page No.

- What are the useful Products


produced by Bee
- Bee-wax
- Bee-venom
- Royal Jelly
- Pollen
- Propolis

35
36
36
36
36
36

Bee-Pasturage

37-41
6

Site Selection and


Arrangement of Apiary
-

42-49

Criteria for Selection of Beehive


What is an Apiary?
Location of an Apiary
Bee Equipment
Arrangement of beehives

42
45
45
46
48

Beehive

50-52

Different Sources of Honey Bees


Purchase of Honey Bee Colony
Precautions
Procedure
Sub Unit 4b: Multiplication of
of Colonies Materials Required
- Procedure

50
50
50
51
51
51

Food Gathering by Bees 53-58


-

Requirements of a Colony
Foraging by the Bees
Factors Influencing Field Activity
Bee Flora

53
54
55
57

Bee Keeping
- Tools and Equipment
- Placement of Colonies
- From where the get Bee
Colonies?

59-64
59
60
61

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Chapter
-

Page No. Chapter

Settling Down a New Colony


Combining Two colonies
Dividing and Multiplying Colonies
Bee Poisioning

62
62
63
64

10

Management of Bee
Colonies

65-67

- Relevant Information
- What is Seasonal Management?
- Management of Bees During
Different Seasons
- What is Dearth Period?
- How does the Dearth
Period affect Bees?
- How can the Dearth
Period be Detected?
- What is Swarming?
- How Swarming can be prevented

65
65
66
67
67
67
67
67

11

Pest Management
and Diseases
-

68-70

Pests of Bees
Bacterial Diseases
Viral Diseases
Predators
Effect of Pesticide Poisoning

68
69
69
70
70

12

Extraction of Honey
& Processing
-

71-74

How to Store Extracted Honey?


Marketing of Honey
Precautions
Extraction of Honey
Materials Required
Procedure
Processing of Extracted Honey
Materials Required
Procedure

71
72
72
73
73
73
74
74
74

13

Honey Extraction

75-76

14

Quality of Honey

77-80

Page No.
15

Equipments
-

81-93

Introduction
Hiving Equipment
Hive
Open hlves
Traditional hives
Pottery hive
Basket hive
Horizontal hive
Wall hive
Top bar hives
Langstrath hive
Principle of bee space
Principle of population
Construction of Longstroth Hive
Stand
Bottom board
Brood chamber
Standard frame
Self spacing frame
Staple spacing frame
Super
Inner cover
Top cover
Sloping top cover
Flat top cover
Swarm Catching Equipments
Swarm catcher
Queen cage
Other Equipments
Queen introduction cage
Queen excluder
Smoker
Hive tool
Bee veil
Overall
Gloves
Bee brush
Feeding Equipments
Top feeder
Division board feeder
Syrup filled combs
Additional Hive Equipments
Dummy or Division Board
Bee-escape
Porter bee-escape or spring
bee-escape

81
81
81
81
82
82
82
83
83
83
83
83
84
84
84
84
84
85
85
85
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
87
87
87
87
88
88
88
88
88
88
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
90

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Chapter
-

Page No. Chapter

Wire gauze cone escape


Comb Foundation
Selection
Fixing
Honey Extracting Equipments
Tangential type
Parallel radial type

90
90
90
91
91
91
92

16

Economics of
Bee-keeping

94-96
17

Honey Based
Formulations

97-99

Honey Cakes
97
Honey Flavour
97
Honey Flavour Essence
97
Honey Fruit Filling (Cream Type) 98
Honey Glaze
98
Doughnut Honey Glaze
98
High Ratio Honey
98
Macaroon Cake
- Honey Macaroom lcing
98
- Honey Nut Topping
99

18

Flavour Formulations 100-103


based on Honey
-

Honey, Imitation No. 1


Honey, Imitation No. 2
Honey, Imitation No. 3
Honey, Imitation No. 4
Honey, Imitation No. 5
Honey, Imitation No. 6
Honey, Imitation No. 7
Honey, Synthetic No. 8
Honey, Synthetic No. 9
(For Perfumes)
- Honey, Synthetic No. 10
(For Perfumes)
- Honey, Synthetic No. 11
- Honey, Synthetic No. 12

100
100
100
101
101
101
101
102
102
102
103
103

Page No.
19

Honey a Miraculous
Food
-

104-109

Honey butter
Honey Mango Squash
Honey Jam
Honey Candy
Honey and Egg
Honey Ice Cream
Honey Chocolate
Honey Chikki
Honey Jelly
Carrot salad with honey
Honey lamon squash
Uses of by-products of Bees
Bee Pollen
Propolis
Royal Jelly or Bee Milk
Bee Wax
Bee Venom

107
107
107
107
107
108
108
108
108
108
108
108
109
109
109
109
109

20

Hard Honey Cider

110-114

- What is hard cider?


- Where did hard cider originate?
- Honey's advantages in
hard cider
- Making hard honey cider
- Milling and Pressing
- Fermentation

110
110
111
112
112
113

21

Hard Cider Formulae


-

Bit O' Honey Cyser


Ingredients for five gallons
Procedure
Ingredients for five gallons
Procedure
Ginger Honey Cider
Ingredients for five gallons
Procedure
Strokes Sensational
Elderberry Cider
Procedure
Herb's Happy Honey Cider
Ingredients for five gallons
Procedure

115-118
115
115
115
116
116
116
116
116
117
117
118
118
118

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Chapter

Page No. Chapter


22

Plant Economics
Honey Processing
& Packing
-

Page No.
23

119-120

Land and Building


Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Annum
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over / Annum

119
119
120
120
120
120
120

Plant Economics
of Bee Keeping
-

121-122

Land and Building


Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Annum
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over / Annum

121
121
121
121
122
122
122

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