Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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What is a pendulum? Discuss its two types of motion with the help of a diagram.
Ans. pendulum, two types of motion, diagram (1 mark each)
Property
Clayey Soil
Sandy Soil
Loamy Soil
Particle size
contains large
contains greater
amount of big and
quantity of fine
quantity of large
small particles is
particles
particles
almost the same.
Air
particles are tightly more quantity of air sufficient quantity
packed together,
is present.
of air is present.
hence less air.
Water retention
good water
poor water
best water retention
capacity
retention capacity
retention capacity
capacity
Weight
Heavy and wet
Light and dry
Moderate
(a) A sample of soil takes 40 minutes to percolate 800 ml 0f water. What is the rate of
percolation of water?
(b) Differentiate between clayey soil, loamy soil and sandy soil. (any three points)
Ans. (a)Percolation rate(mL/min) =
=
3
2+3
= 20 mL/min
(b)
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1+2
1+2
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27(i)
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vacuole. Digestive juices are secreted into the food vacuole. They act on the food and
break it down into simpler substances. Gradually the digested food is absorbed.
b)Diagram
a) Why forests are called green lungs?
b) What are decomposers? Give an example.
Ans. a) Forests are called green lungs because plants in the forest help to provide oxygen
for animal respiration. They also maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
b) The microorganisms which convert the dead plants and animals to humus for eg.
bacteria.
a) Why do we get cramps in the legs after heavy exercise?
b)How does the exchange of gases take place in the following:
(i) Frog
(ii) Insects
(iii) Fish
Ans. a) We get cramps as our muscles start breathing anaerobically which results in
accumulation of lactic acid. These cramps are due to lactic acid.
b) Frog- lungs and slimy skin
Insects tracheal tubes
Fish gills
The recent calamity in Uttarakhand could have been avoided if man was less ruthless with
the environment and prevented deforestation. Amongst all this, the headmaster of a school
near Kedarnath started a campaign of planting trees on a regular basis.
On the basis of this paragraph answer the following questions:
a)What is deforestation? Give two advantages of a forest.
b)What value did the headmaster of the school exhibit by planting trees?
Ans. a) Cutting of trees on a large scale for commercial purposes.
Forests give products like wax, gum etc and they prevent soil erosion.
b) He was courageous, hopeful and a responsible citizen.
Give reasons for the following:
a) We use woolen clothes in winters
b) Cooking pans are usually provided with copper bottoms
c) Air conditioners are placed up in a room not on the floor
d) We feel hot when we stand near a fire
e) Mercury is chosen as a thermometric liquid
Ans.
a) woollen clothes trap air , which is a bad conductor of heat
b) Copper is a good conductor of heat, thus transfer the heat by conduction
c) Hot air rises up, which would be cooled down by ACs. It is based on convection
d) Heat reaches to us by radiation
Mercury does not stick to the glass walls OR it is the only liquid at room temp OR it is
shiny so is easily visible OR expands uniformly on heating
a) How is soil formed? Name the factors responsible for soil formation.
b) What is soil erosion? Why is soil erosion more in desert or bare land?
c) How can soil erosion be prevented?
Ans. a) Soil is formed by the breaking down of rocks by the action of wind, water and
climate. The factors are wind, water and climate.
b) The removal of land surface by water, wind or ice is known as erosion. There are
no trees to hold the soil particles together in a desert, hence soil erosion is more in desert
or bare land.
c) Soil erosion can be prevented by adopting the following methods:
(i) Afforestation should be undertaken.
(ii) To reduce the effect of strong winds in the fields, the trees should be planted
along the boundaries of the fields.
(iii) The practice of crop rotation can also be followed.
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31(i)
(ii)
(iii)
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