How To Write A Preliminary Welding Procedure Specification PWPS

How
How to make a
preliminary
welding
procedure
specification to
ASME IX
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How to make a preliminary welding procedure
First Words
Preliminary welding procedure means a welding procedure which has not been qualified yet and
needs to be qualified. Making of a preliminary welding procedure is not a requirement of ASME IX.
Directly a PQR can be made without developing
developing a preliminary welding procedure specification.
However, it is recommended to make a preliminary welding procedure specification and
and then get that
qualified through PQR requirements.
requirements Very often, manufacturers and contractors need to get the
welding
g procedures qualified and to make preliminary in those cases makes things easier rather than
directly moving to PQR development. It also adds one more review point in finalizing a welding
procedure. Moreover, moving directly to PQR includes shared responsibility
responsibility of manufacturer
/contractor and the 3rd party laboratory. And it is to be noted that 3rd party laboratory would only be
doing the required tests as told by the manufacturer. Therefore, if there would be anything missing in
communication, qualified procedure may not stand valid for a particular job.
This guide helps a welding professional to know exactly what needs to be considered while developing
pWPS and how WeldPulse helps in making it right to ASME IX with ASME materials.
materials Focus has been
given to piping and equipment welding jobs in process industries. Also, welding processes considered
in making up this guide are the manual gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and shielded metal arc
welding (SMAW).
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Welding documentation flow
pWPS
pWP
(preliminary welding
procedure
specification)
Data collection
(Explained next)
Test coupons
preparation
PQR (Procedure
qualification record)
WPS (Welding
procedure
qualification)
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Start welding
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pWPS (step 1)
Data collection
Materials
information
(casting, forging,
ASTM, any final
treatment)
Licensors
guidelines,
specifications
Welding job
details
(thickness,
butt/fillet)
Piping part
or
equipment
Applicable
construction
code
Service
requirements
(e-g; pwht
required)
Applicable
drawings
Welding
process
Data collection needs to be done by the user as this would help in generating an accurate
pWPS having high chances of successful qualification.
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pWPS (step 2)
Materials welding properties
Materials
propertie
The next step is to look
look into the material information to find their welding properties like PP-Number,
Group Number, chemical composition and mechanical properties (especially minimum yield and tensile
strength). P-Number
Number and group number information can be found in ASME Sec. II
II Part D or ASME Sec.
IX. Minimum yield & tensile strength are listed in ASME Sec. II Part D. Chemical compositions can be
found in the applicable ASTM or ASME Sec. II Part A (for ferrous metals) or B (for non-ferrous
non ferrous metals).
WeldPulse helps you in

providing
ding all the required
materials welding
properties at one single
platform. Click
and enter
the material through three
different ways to look for
the properties.
properties
On
n the next window, it will
show you all the welding
properties of a material
including the ones as
discussed above. You dont
don
need to open up a number
of references.
ences.
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pWPS (step 3)
Minimum
inimum pre-heat
pre heat temperature
Applica
pplicable
construction
code
Material PP
number &
Group number
Iff you know the P-numbe

P numberr and the Group number of a certain material to be welded then just look into
the applicable design & construction
construction code for the requirements.
requirements. Almost all ASME design & construction
codes provide guidelines on minimum pre-heat
pre heat temperature.
temperatu
In few cases,
ca es, you need to look into the
mechanical properties (like minimum tensile
tensile strength) also to get the result. And there
here are some cases
when against a P-number
P number you wont
won t be able to find the recommended minimum pre-heat
pre heat temperatures.
In those cases,
cases it is recommended to look for the guide books, handbooks, technical
technical papers, articles and
other printed references on welding. APII recommended guidelines like API 582, ASM and AWS
handbooks are really helpful. For dissimilar materials,
mater
use the one for the material requiring higher prepre
heat.
WeldPulse
Pulse helps you in getting a recommended pre-heat
pre heat as per the applicable design & construction
code. Data from all the major codes has been pre-loaded.
pre loaded. Those codes include ASME Sec. I, Sec. VIII
Div. 1 & 2, ASME
A
B31.3
31.3 and B31.1.
B31.1
pWPS (step 4)
Appropriate
ppropriate consumables
Chemical
composition
Tensile
strength
Welding
elding consumables are selected while considering the chemical and mechanical properties of the
materials being welded. When
hen welding of dissimilar materials
materials is involved, consumable suiting to the less
alloyed and less strong material should be selected. This
This stands true only
nly within group,
group, means dissimilar
welding within carbon & low alloy steel group;
group; dissimilar welding within stainless steel group and
dissimilar welding within nickel alloy group.
group For welding outside
outsi these material groups,
groups, one need to look
into different technicalities like the final weld composition, compatibility
compatibility issues leading to defects like
cracking etc.
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In
n order to look for the right consumables, you need to look into ASME Sec. II Part C for their chemical
compositions and mechanical
mechanical properties. Only then you can make a better decision. However, it is to be
noted that ASME Sec. II Part C doesnt
doesn t provide any straight forward
forward guide on selecting consumables. It
does provide intent of use and other properties. Selecting consumables for similar materials welding is
not a difficult task to do as you can
can go through ASME Sec. II Part C and find the right one. Selection of
consumables for dissimilar materials welding requires more attention.. API
API 582 helps in looking for
f the
right consumables when welding two dissimilar materials.
WeldPulse
Pulse provides you with the suggested consumables when you input the materials to be welded.
These suggestions are based upon study of ASME Sec. II Part C, API 582 and the best welding practices
used in the petrochemical industry. Additionally, it also provides you freedom in selecting the
appropriate consumables
consumables yourself by looking into the materials and filler properties.
Click
and the window will
be opened up showing you to
choose the applicable AWS
class
ss you need to look for.
After selecting the AWS
class, a list of contained
consumables will be opened
op
up and select the one. Click
properties.
A comprehensive report of filler

properties will be opened up which would
help you in looking more closely into the
consumable. It provides description
desc
(intent of use), F-number,
F number, A-number,
A
welding position (where applicable),
polarity, amperage and the chemical
composition.
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pWPS (step 5)
Maximum
aximum Interpass temperature
Material
M
Pnumber
Construction
C
onstruction
code
Maximum
aximum interpass temperature is not defined for all the P-numbers
P numbers in construction codes. However,
where interpass temperature
temperature is critical for the material being
being welded, construction codes provide the
maximum temperature. Maximum interpass becomes a critical to quality when welding stainless steels.
steel
Good reference for maximum interpass temperature is API 582. It provides for the most commonly
materials.
WeldPulse
Pulse provides you with the suggested interpass
nterpass temperature based upon the applicable
construction code selected. It also takes reference from API 582 when maximum interpass
interpass temperature
information is not present within the applicable code. This information is present not only for the welding
off similar materials but also for dissimilar
dissimilar materials.
pWPS (step 6)
Post
ost weld heat treatment
Material Pnumber &
Group number
er
Applicable
ble
construction
code
Like
ike for pre-heat
pre heat and interpass temperature, post weld heat treatment can also be obtained if you have
the P-number
number and Group number and
a the knowledge
owledge of applicable construction code. Post
Post weld heat
treatment information includes
in
temperature and time range with minimum holding time.
time
WeldPulse
Pulse provides you with the suggested post
post weld heat treatment including temperature and time
ranges along with the minimum holding as recommended by the applicable construction
construction code. This
information appears as you follow the wizard of making a welding procedure specification with
WeldPulse.
Pulse.
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pWPS (step 7)
Other
ther details
Joint type (groove, fillet) & Joint details
This information is normally available within the piping specifications, design documents
Root spacing
It is set at 2-3
2 mm
Backing material & consumable insert
This is considered in rare cases
Shielding & purging gas (in case of GTAW)
Shielding
ding in GTAW
GTA and where purging is required (for welding of high alloys and stainless steels with
higher
er Chromium content) is done with Argon
Welding current & amperage
This information is mentioned
mentioned in electrode and filler manufacturers
manufacturers literature or within ASME Sec. II
Part C
Welding position
Itt is also given in ASME Sec. II Part C or in literature
iterature provided by consumables
consumables manufacturer
Size of filler metals
This
his depends upon the thickness of the materials being welded. A 2.4 mm filler wire with 3.2 mm
electrode is used for materials thickness
thickness > 10 mm < 22 mm
Of all these miscellaneous details, WeldPulse

Pulse provides you with the suggested welding
welding current type,
amperage (also given in Fillers metal properties module), shielding and purging gas when GTAW is a
welding process and typical root spacing.
spacing. Most commonly joint details are also listed (with and without
dimensions)
dimensions).
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10 | P a g e
Using
sing WeldPulse
Weld
Step 1
The
he first step would be the material
material information. Provide those inputs
inputs and move to the next step.
Material designation has to be entered in complete ASTM designation. This can be obtained from the
drawings, piping specifications or directly from the design & engineering department. WeldPulse
Weld
contains 292 ASME acquired materials in Spark Edition and 500+ materials in Arc Edition. In order to
look for the material you need to work with, you can go through the list by scrolling it or by start typing
material like SA-335
SA 335 and you will narrow down the list to the material you need.
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Step 2
In
n step 2, WeldPulse provides you with the P-number
P number and Group
Group number of the
the materials selected.
Thickness range needs to provided by you looking at the design
design documents /specifications. Similarly,
maximum weld pass thickness if less or greater than 13 mm has to be mentioned as this
this information, if
yes, is an essential variable. Normally, weld pass thickness is
is less than 13 mm. Joint type needs to be
specified as groove or fillet.
Step 3
In step 3,, WeldPulse asks

sks you the weld joint design (single V set as default), root spacing (normally 2-3
2
mm),
m), backing material, weld processes for root
root and filling (SMAW set as default for filling /capping),
backing and purging gas (with all options as mentioned in ASME Sec. II
II Part C).
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12 | P a g e

Step 4
In step 4,, WeldPulse provides

provides you with the suggested consumables, their SFA, F-number
F number and A-number.
A number.
You need to provide the weld metal thickness range for both the processes to be used.
used
Step 5
In
n the last step of WPS wizard, WeldPulse provides with the minimum pre-heat
pre heat temperature, maximum
interpass temperature and the post
post weld heat treatment requirements according to the applicable
construction code.
code You
ou need to assess this
this for your case when thickness is a condition. In the example
above, pre-heat
pre
iss mandatory for all thicknesses therefore you need to have that as it is. However,
PWHT is linked for a condition of thickness or
o with Chromium content. Assess that for your case and
then apply.
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Suggested
uggested by WeldPulse
Wel
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Final
nal Words
WeldPulse
Pulse helps in making a preliminary welding
welding procedure with suggested welding data for most
commonly materials used in petrochemicals.
petrochemicals. In addition to this, it provides
provides a single platform where one
can take
ake his own decision based upon the material properties, consumable properties and other
information.
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How To Write A Preliminary Welding Procedure Specification PWPS

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How

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

Welding documentation flow

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

WeldPulse helps you in

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

Iff you know the P-numbe

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

A comprehensive report of filler

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

Of all these miscellaneous details, WeldPulse

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

In step 3,, WeldPulse asks

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

In step 4,, WeldPulse provides

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

How to make a preliminary welding procedure

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