transformer field assembly is correct, and that the transformer is ready for service.

In
addition, these test data reports become a valuable tool when compared with later
diagnostic tests used to assess transformer condition.
Single-phase test procedures can be used to measure the ratio and impedance of
two-winding transformers, three-winding transformers, autotransformers, and
three-phase transformers. Moreover, in the case of three-phase transformers (with a
Wye connection) and grounding banks, zero-sequence impedance measurements are
made with the single-phase procedure. Comparisons between measurements are useful
when single-phase tests are made on three identical transformers or on each phase of a
three-phase transformer, as it is unlikely that each single-phase unit or each phase of a
three-phase transformer would have sustained the same damage.
Safety
Before proceeding with any measurements in a high-voltage substation, the test engineer
must be thoroughly familiar with the job. Make sure the transformer bank being tested is
de-energized, out of service, and isolated from the power system before climbing on it or
connecting it to any test leads.
Follow all safety rules and be aware of any energized equipment in the working area.
Never uncoil test leads by throwing them in energized yards. Ground test equipment and
test circuits to avoid stray voltages from energized lines, lightning or close-in faults. Take
care to check the polarity of the test voltage. The grounded leg of the 115-VAC source
shall be connected to ground for safety.
WARNING!
Extreme caution must be observed when test-energizing high-ratio transformers (10
to 1, for example), because high voltages will be present at the transformer
terminals. Care must be taken not to energize bus or equipment that electricians or
other personnel could be working on and that test equipment does not contact
energized equipment.
If equipment terminals are accessible or if the bus is connected to the transformer
terminals, conceivably transferring test potentials to other locations, fence off the
exposed areas with guards as required by safety procedures, warn working personnel of
test-energized potentials, and if necessary provide a Safety Watcher. If possible, ratio test
transformers before terminal connections to buses have been made.
8.8.1 SINGLE-PHASE POLARITY
The polarity designation of each transformer winding is determined by the relative
direction of instantaneous current or voltage as seen at the transformer terminals. For
example, primary and secondary leads are said to have the same polarity when, at a given
instant, current enters the primary lead in question, the instantaneous induced voltage in
the secondary is increasing when the impressed voltage on the primary is increasing, or
conversely, if they are both decreasing at the same instant.