PASSIVE VOICE

I. AFFIRMATIVE:
By on Trn Minh Nh
1. Formation: Passive voice emphasize the thing done more than the doer
P.P
S + BE +

+ BY+ O
V3/Ved

2. Examples:
Mun i 1 cu t Active sang Passive phi theo 5 giai on sau:
Active: Shakespear wrote Romeo and Juliet
Passive:
1.
Ly Direct Object trong cu Active bin thnh Subject trong cu Passive.
2.
Ly Subject trong cu Active bin thnh Object trong cu Passive.
3.
Ly ng t chnh trong cu Active bin thnh Past Participle trong cu Passive.
4.
Thm To be trc Past Particible v To Be cng th vi ng t chnh trong cu
Active
5. Thm gii t By sau Past. Participle
3. Notes:
_Simple Present:
am
Ex: My daughter cleans the floor
is
+ P.P
--------------------------------------------------are
_Simple Past:
Ex: Nam wrote this letter
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was

_Simple Future:
Ex: She will teach our class
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shall

_Present Continuous:
Ex: Mary is cooking dinner
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am
is
are

_Past Continuous:
Ex: I was studying English at 2.00 yesterday
--------------------------------------------------_Future Continuous:
Ex: Mary will be cleaning the door
--------------------------------------------------_Present Perfect:
Ex: The boy has found the key
--------------------------------------------------_Past Perfect:
Ex: Mary had made this cake
--------------------------------------------------_Future Perfect:
Ex: He will have sold this car
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+ P.P
were
+ Be + P.P
will
+ being + P.P

was
+ being + P.P
were
Shall
+be+being+p.p
will
have
+ been + P.P
has
had + been + P.P

shall
+have+been+P.P
will

II. NEGATIVE:
A. Saints didnt build that temple
P. --------------------------------------------------A. No one looks after the children
P. ------------------------------------------------III. YES_NO QUESTION:
Ex: Did your mother make this cake?
---------------------------------------------------------IV. WH_QUESTION:
1.
WH V ?
Ex: Who wrote this book ?
--------------------------------------------------Ex: Whose dog bit the policeman ?
--------------------------------------------------Ex: Which boy can answer this question?
--------------------------------------------------2.

Wh + aux + S + V ?

Ex: What did he say ?

--------------------------------------------------Ex: Whom (who) has he met ?
--------------------------------------------------Ex: Which palys did shakespear write ?
--------------------------------------------------Ex: When has he met her ?
--------------------------------------------------V. VERB OF 2 OBJECTS: (ng t c 2 tc t)
S + V + TO + D.O
S + V + D.O + TO/FOR + I.O

Indirect Object (Tc t gin tip)

Direct Object (Tc t trc tip)

C 2 cch chuyn i sang Passive. Thng thng ngi ta ly Indirect Object lm ch t hn l Direct Object

Ex 1: John gives me a book

--------------------------------------------------John gives a book to me.
--------------------------------------------------Ex 2: I bought my sister some John.
--------------------------------------------------I bought some pens for my sister.
--------------------------------------------------TO: give, send, show (ch, a cho), lend, promise, hand, pay, read, wish, offer, read, tell, throw
FOR: get (mua), order (t mua), spare (dnh cho), bring, make, leave (b li), save ( dnh), sell, buy
VI. DEFECTIVE VERBS (ng t khim khuyt cu Passive)
S + Def.V + Be +P.P

May, might, ought to. Can, couid, must

speak English.

Ex: He can
--------------------------------------------------VI. NU TRONG CU ACTIVE C VERBS OF PERCEPTION (ng t tri gic): SEE, WATCH,
HEAR, MAKE
Th ng t theo sau khng TO chuyn thnh ng t c TO cu passive
Ex: He makes me do it
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VII. Nu S trong cu ACTIVE l I, HE, SHE, IT, WE, YOU, THEY, SOMEONE, PEOPLE
Any
Some
one
body
No
thing
Every
Khi chuyn sang PASSIVE c th b BY ME, BY HER, BY US, BY YOU, BY THEM, BY HIM,
BY SOMEONE
Ex: People speak English all over the world
--------------------------------------------------Ex: Someone stole my purse
--------------------------------------------------*Trong thc t, TO nn dch theo li ch ng hn l b ng
VIII. Cu Active c Conjunction THAT, SINCE, AFTER, BEFORE
Ex: He told me that his dog bit his children
--------------------------------------------------IX. Cu Active c Relative Prounoun lm ch t l WHO, WHICH, THAT.
Ex: The man who beat the dog yesterday had drawn this piture
--------------------------------------------------X. TAG QUESTION:
Ex: Your brother found the key, didnt he ?
--------------------------------------------------XI. IMPERATIVE:
Ex: Do it at once!
--------------------------------------------------Ex: Write your name on this paper.
--------------------------------------------------XII.

S + LET + O + VBare

S + LET + O + VBare

Ex: He let me tell the story.

--------------------------------------------------XIII. REFLECIVE PASSIVE:
Ex: Dont let Tom hear you.
--------------------------------------------------Ex: He let people cheat him.
--------------------------------------------------IX. PASSIVE INFINITIVE Verb + to V V to be V3ed
1. They began to beat wooden drums.
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2. Our teacher is going to finish punished by out teacher.
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XIII. VERB FOLLOWED BY A PREPOSITION
Our sister looks after our children.
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XIV. VERB + Ving verb + being V3ed
S+

Have + O1 + V + O2
Get + O1 + to + V + O2

Shave
+
get

O2 + V3 + by + O1

+ I have her cut my hair.

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+ I get her to make some coffee.

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People say, fear
They
think, rumour That S V
Know, report
hope, prove
It be said
that S V
S be said to V (cng th)
to have V3ed (khc th)
+ People say that he is a spy.
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+ People say that he has been a murderer.
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+ They thought that he was a spy.
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+ They say that he was a spy.
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WISH + O (= noun of material) used instead of BY O

Fog, need, smoke
Fish sauce
+ Fish sauce stained my shit
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+ Fog covers hills and mountains
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* Notes
Be adv of manner V3ed
+ The little girl cleaned the floor care fully
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By O adv of time
+ Our teacher will explain that lesson tomorrow
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Adv of place By O
+ My daughter put the school bag here
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The end