Simplex V 1.

04
-------------Simplex is an LP solver program for the HP49. It is written as a
single SysRPL object for speed and ease of use. It can do exact
arithmetic to avoid round off errors.
License
------Simplex: SysRPL linear programming solver for the HP49 calculator.
Copyright (C) 2001 Peter sterlund.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
Description
----------This program solves the LP problem
min c*x
st A*x = b
x >= 0
There are no special requirements on c, A and b, in particular, b may
have negative elements. If the problem has inequality constraints,
slack variables must be added manually.
The input to the program is a single matrix in the form:
[[ A | b ]
[---+---]
[ c | 0 ]]
The result will either be an error message (infeasible or unbounded
problem) or a vector containing the optimum variable values and the
optimal value of the objective function:
[ x | z ]
Features
-------* This program can do exact arithmetic if the input matrix is exact.

For this reason, the program can not easily be made to work on an
HP48.
* This program honors system flag -100 (step-by-step mode). If this
flag is set, the program stops after each step in the algorithm. See
below for an explanation of the algorithm and for the meaning of the
extra elements in the intermediate matrices.
Examples
-------Suppose you want to solve the following problem:
min -7 * x1 - 2 * x2
-1 * x1 + 2 * x2 <= 4
5 * x1 + 1 * x2 <= 20
-2 * x1 + -2 * x2 <= -7
After adding slack variables, the required input matrix becomes
[[-1
[ 5
[-2
[-7

2
1
-2
-2

1
0
0
0

0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0

4]
20]
-7]
0]]

Putting this matrix on the stack and running the program gives the
following result:
[36/11 40/11 0 0 75/11 -332/11]
which means that the optimal value is -332/11 and this value is
attained for x1=36/11 and x2=40/11.
Algorithmic details
------------------The program uses the standard simplex algorithm. All required data is
kept in the matrix all the time, and the algorithm works by performing
row operations (RCI and RCIJ) on the matrix.
The steps in the algorithm are as follows:
* Make b>=0 by multiplying needed rows with -1.
* Add artificial variables.
* Optimize the artificial objective function to find a feasible
solution.
* If no feasible solution was found, abort with error message.
* Remove the artificial variables.
* Optimize the original objective function.
* If the solution is unbounded, abort with error message.
* Create solution vector.
During the computations, an extra row is added at the bottom of the
matrix. This row keeps track of the current basis variables and also
keeps track of the current state of the algorithm. There are four
possible states:
0 before artificial variables have been added

1 when solving for a feasible solution

2 after the artificial variables have been removed
3 When the current solution is dual feasible but not primal feasible
The program starts in state 0 and proceeds to state 1 and 2 if all
goes well. State 3 is never entered automatically by the program, but
it can be used manually when the dual simplex algorithm is preferred.
If the program aborts because of an infeasible or unbounded problem,
the matrix will be left on the stack in the state it had when the
error was detected.
Compiling
--------The source code was compiled on a RedHat Linux 7.1 machine. I used the
HpTools compiler/assembler, version 3.06. Version 2.x will not work
because the source uses features unique to the HP49. The HpTools
package is available from www.hpcalc.org.
The 'm4' macro preprocessor is also required. It is used to make it
easier to call subroutines in SysRPL programs.
The provided Makefile should work in unix-like environments, provided
that the SASM_INCLUDE environment variable has been set to point to
the directory where the file with supported entry points is located.
(This file must be called "SupRomEntr_49.a" unless you change the
source code.)
Author
-----If you have any suggestions or bug reports, don't hesitate to let me
know.
-Peter sterlund
Skndalsvgen 35
S-128 66 Skndal
Sweden

petero2@telia.com
http://w1.894.telia.com/~u89404340
+46 8 942647