"",,' 1 " X 7' 5 '

'2. x-"iS
1m X' 2 '- 25 =
,

9. The horizontal asymptote of [(x) =

(A) x = -1 '
'
(B) x = 0

(A) -1
(B) 0
1
(C) 10
(D) 1
(E) does not exist

(C) y = -1
(D) y = 0

(E) There is no horizontal asymptote.

10. The domain of y = In x-I is
(A) (x> 0)
(B) (x < O)
(C) (x;f::. O}
(D) (x > I)
(E) (all real numbers)

3. liII}, si~ x =
x~2

(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) ,;

11. The
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

(D) ;

(E) does not exist

. sin 2x
4. 11m x cos x =
x .... o
(A) -1
(B) 0
(C) 1
(D) 2
(E) does not exist
5. [(x) =

x> 2

x -+2-

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

inverse ofy
y = ex - 1
y = eX - 1
y = eX + 1
y =

y=

&+1 ex + 1

lnx - 1 is

12. Find the slope of a line parallel to the line

with equationy- 2x = 7.
(A) -2
(B) 0
(C) 1
(D) 2
(E) 7

{X2 + 1,x <2

4,
lim [(x) =

x! i is

0
2
4
5
does not exist

6. The vertical asymptote of [(x) = x ~ 1 has

equation
(A) x = 0
(B) x = 1
(C) y = 0
(D) y = 1
(E) There is no vertical asymptote.

7. The horizontal asymptote of [(x) = x ~ 1 is

(A) x = 0
(B) x = 1
(C) y = 0
(D) y = 1
(E) There is no horizontal asymptote.

8. The vertical asymptote of [(x) = x

1 is
(A) x = -1
(B) x = 0
(C) y = -1
(D) Y = 0
(E) There is no vertical asymptote.

13. For what value(s) of x is [(x) =

tinuous?
(A) x = 0
(B) x = 1
(C) x = -1
(D) x = 1 and x = -1
(E) all real numbers

:2 -=-

11 discon-

14. [(x) = ~ is continuous for all real numbers

x
EXCEPT
(A) x = 0
(B) x = 1 only
(C) x = 1 and x = -1
(D) x = -1 only
(E) x = 2

15. lim". 1 - ~osx =

x-+3"

(A) ~

(B)

( C) ~

211"

D) 3(1 -

V3)

211"

(E) 0
Chapter Assessment

55

-----

--........--........- ........

.........

-~-------~.----.----

- -3x
-=
16 . 1I msin
x ..... o
7x

(A)

(B)

21. Find the equation of the horizontal asymp-

tote of y =

(C) y

(D) x = 1

(E)x=l
X2

22. Find {(2) for {(x) =

-"2

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

-4

!
!

(C)
(D)

=!
=!

(B) x

.
2-x
17. hm
~4=
x ..... 2 x -

(B)

2'

(A) y = 0

(C) 3
(D) 7
(E) does not exist

(A)

x2

2X2 -

18. The slope of 3x + 4y = 7 is

-34

(B)

-43

+ 4,x < 0

3 _ x, x ;:,:: O

1
3
4
8

does not exist

23. Which of the following graphs shows a nmction that is continuous for all real numbers?

(E) does not exist

(A)

(A)

t
(D) i

(C)

(E)

---=~--------~~--~X

4
(B)

19.1m
1

4x + 4 =
42-1
x

X2 -

x ..... oo

(A)

(B) 1

----------~-------+x

(C) 4
(D) 8
(E) does not exist

20. Find the equation of the vertical asymptote

of {(x) = 4xx+ 8'

(C)

=!

(A) y
(B) y = -2
(C) x = -2

------I---I--------1--_X

(D) Y = 2
(E) x = 2

- : ' " , '

' -

. tfii:i]5t~Fg:;;';tirftitS~ndContiht.iity

. (D)

3. On the graph of f(x) , sketch the graph of

f-l(x) and find f([-l( .,-1 .

~----~4---------~

__

X
--------~~--------~x

(E)

For Questions 4-6, a graphing calculator is

required.

4. Set the IWINDowl in the graphing calculator

to Xmin = -1, Xmax = 5, Ymin = -2,
Ymax = 10, and sketch YI = X2, Y2 = 4x - 4.
(a) Find the slope ofY2 .
(b) Graph the inverse of YI and estjmate the
slope of the graph at x = 4.

------------~~----~X

24. lim

x-+oo

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

Vx=2
=
X - 2

5. Use the graph off(X) shown below to find the

following limits:

-2
0
1
2

limf(x)
x-+-l

limf(x)
x-->l

does not exist

limf(x)
x --> 2

1 1
25. h m - - =
x-+3 X - 3

. :X-"3

(A)

(B)

(C)

:f

-00

-"3

-"9

(D) 0
(E)

-3

Free-Response Questions
No calculator is allowed for Questions 1-3.
2X

+ a, x < 1

1. Find the value of a so that f(x) = { 2

x - a, x
is continuous for all real numbers.

2::

2. Find the zeros, holes, and vertical and hori3x - 6

zontal asymptotes of f(x) = x + 5 .

-1

234

6. Sketch a function f(x) with all of the following properties:

f(x) is odd.
f(1) = 2
The x-axis is a horizontal asymptote.

Chapter Assessment

57

If f(x) =

X4 -

4x, evaluate lim f(x) - f( -1)

x ..... - l

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

-8
0
1
2
4

8. f(x) = !(x - 1)3. Find f'(0).

(A) -6
(B) -3
3
(C) -"2

(D)

-"21

(E)

9. f(x)

~ ).

V2
2

y= sin 2x - x. Find y,( ~).

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

-3
-1
0
1
undefined

11. y = 3 tan2(

t ). Find y'( 11').

V3
3

(D) 8V3
(E) 27

12. y = In(ex2 -

1).

Find y'(l).

!
e

f(x);";' si~ x

> 0 and x

=f. 1

(E) all real x

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

for xy

+x

- y

= 2 when x = 0:

-2
-1
0
1
2

17. A particle moves along .the y-axis with a

motion defined by the equation s(t) = l~ t for
t > O. Find the velocity at t = 2.
(A) O
(B) 0.0767

'

(C) 0.693
(D) 1
(E) 2

= x 2 -In x.

(E) 2x x- 1

19. Find the second derivative of Y(x 2 + 1).

3

(C) 1
(D) 2
(E) undefined

13. y

(D) x

(D) x -

(A)" 0

x3

of x is

(B) 2x-Inx
1
(C) 2x-:x

(C) 9

(B)

14. For what values

continuous?
(A) x =f. 0
(B) x > 0
(C) x > 1
(D) x ;::: 1
(E) all real x

18. Find the derivative of f(x)

(A) 2x - 1

(A) 1

(B) 8

(E) e 3

16. Find

(C) 0
(D) 1
(E) undefined
10.

(B) x ;::: 1
(C) x =f. 0

(A) -!In 2
(B)

(D)

15. For what values ofx is f(x) = Y(lnx)2 differentiable?

(A) x > 0

In(sin x). Find f' (

x+1

(A) 3e2
(B) 3e
(C) e

Find y'(1).

(A) (x 2

+ l)-Z

(B) (x 2

+ l)-Z

(C) x(x 2 + 1fz

3

(D) 2x(x 2

+ l)-Z
3

(E) 2(x 2

+ l)-Z
Chapter Assessment

95

20. Find y" fory = xlnx - 3x.

k- 3

(A)

25. f(x) = x\' x >

find g'(2).

(B) l+lnx
(C) Inx-2

(A)

k
(E) k- 2

(B)

(D)

21. Find the slope of the tangent to the graph of

y = Vex + 2) at x = -1.
(A)

V2
--2-

(B)

-21

(C)

(D)

22. Write the equation of the line tangent to the

graph of x = y2 + 4 at the point (5, 1).
2y = x - 2
2y = x - 3
2y = x + 9
2y = x -7 .
=

23. Write the equation of the line tangent to the

1
graph off(x) = (x 2 + 2) at x = 0,

1
(B) x = 1

(A) y =

(C) y =

16
-SIx
+ 21

(D) y =

-1

(E) y =

--i-x + 1

24. Find the equation of the line tangent to

y = arctan x atx = 1.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

96

(D)

":'V2
V2
--s-

(E)

-s

(C)

For questions 26 and 27, use x(t) = 2t2 and

26. Find the slope of the line tangent to the curve
at t = 1.

(E) x

-4V2
1
- V2

yet) = 4t - 1.

(E) undefined

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

o. If g(x) is the inverse of f(X),

x - 2y = 1 - 'IT
2x - 4y = 2 - 'IT
2x ~ 4y = 'IT - 2
4x - 4y = 4 - 'IT
x - 2y = 2 - 'IT

Chapter 4 The Qerivative

(A) -4
(B)

-i-

(C) 1

(D) 4
(E) undefined
27. Find the equation of the line tangent to the
curve at t = 1.
(A) y = x + 1
(B) y = 4x - 5
(C) Y =

-i-x + ~

(D) y = -4x
(E) x= 2

+ 11

Free-Response Questions

A graphing calculator is required for some questions.

1. (a) Sketch the graph of y = In x on the inter
val

[i, e ].

(b) Write the range of the function

interval.
(c) Find the average rate of ,"
y

In x on the interval

[1

1"

(d) Estimate the slope of the graph

Y = In x at x =

I'OG'
L.

i, x = 1, and x = e.

(e) Plot the slopes at the corresponding xvalues on a separate graph.

Cq~l(

;2.~

Use the standard definition of the derivative

to find f' (x) for:
2
(a) {(x) =x + 1
(b) rex) = x 2

2x

.
d(sinx)
3. Use the fact that
dx

cos x

and

d(cosx)
.
fi d h d . .
f
dx
= -smx to n t e envatIVe 0 :
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

(a) Find the value ofk so that rex) willbe

continuous at x = 1.
(b) Using the value ofk found in part (a),)s
r(x) also differentIable at x = I?
.

tanx
cotx
sec x
csc x

..
{ -x, for x
4. GIVen r(x) =
k C
x + ,lorx

?:

<

1
1:

5. What is the minimum initial veloc:ity nee<ied

so that a ball thrown upwards Jrom the
ground reaches the topofa building 40 .feet
high?
.
6. A cylindrical terrarium hang~ng from t4e
ceiling leaks sand at the rate of 5 cm3Jminute,
The sand falls to the floor, forming a conica.l
pile. The radius and the height of the cone
are in the ratio 3:2. How fast is the height of
the pile increasing when the radius is 9 crn?

Chapter Assessment

97

ofeqtl~l size are cut off the COrners

an 8 X 10 piece of cardboa~d. The sides
. . are then turned up to form an open. box.
.What is the largest possible volume of the
.... box?

(A) 1.472
(B) 1.5
(C) 23.986
(D) 52.50
(E) 52.514
F""i!-Response Questions
Xgraphirig calculator is required for some ques1. A rectangle is inscribed above the x-axis in
the parabola y = a2 - x 2 Find the area of the
largest possible rectangle.

2. A rectangular plot is to be fenced in using the

side of an existing barn that is 50 feet long as
one side of the plot. Two hundred feet of
fencing are available for the .other three sid,es
of the plot. Find the largest possible area that
can be enclosed.
3. Twenty feet of wire are to be used to create a
wire sculpture that consists of a square and a
circle. Find the largest number of square feet
of area that can be enclosed by the square
and the circle .

. Chapter Assessment
Multiple-Choice Questions
A graphing calculator is required [or some ques-

tions.
1. Find the value of c guaranteed by the Mean

Value Theorem for [(x) = x .: 1 on the interval [3,5].

(A) 1 + 2V2
(B) 2V2
(C) 1 + V2
(D) 2
(E) 1 - 2V2
2. Which of the following is a hypotheses of

Rolle's Theorem not satisfied by [ex) = x .: 1

on the interval [3, 5]?
(A) [is continuous on [3,5].
(B) [is differentiable on (3,5).
(C) . [(3) = [(5)
(D) f'(c) = 0
(E) f'(x) is defined on [3,5].
3. Write the equation of the line tangent to
[(x) = x .: 1 at x = 3.

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

x + 2y = 5
x - 2y= 1
2x - y = 5
2x + y = 7
y=1

4. Which of the following are true about the

function [(x) =

x22~

1?

I [(x) is an odd function.

II [(x) has a horizontal asymptote.
III [(x) has a relative maximum at x = 1.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only
eE) I, II, and III

5. Find the value of c guaranteed by the Mean

Value Theorem for [(x) =

x2~

1 on the inter-

val [0, 1].

(A) 0.475
(B) 0.486
eC) 0.488
(D) 0.577
(E) 1.000
Chapter Assessment

12'1'

6. Find the equation of the line perpendicular

to the line tangentto y
(A) 4y - 3 = 0
(B) 4x + 4y - 5 = 0
(C) 2x - 2y - 1 = 0
(D) 4x - 4y + 1 = 0
(E) 2x + 2y - 1 = 0

= 2x

- x 2 at x

l-

7. Find the. value of c guaranteed by Rolle's

Theorem for [(x) = x - x 3 on [0, 1].
(A) 0.638
(B) 0.6
(C) 0.577
(D) 0.5
(E) Rolle's Theorem does not apply.
8. Find the absolute maximum of [(x)
on the interval [-1, 1].
(A) 0.375
(B) 0.384
(C) 0.385
(D) 0.577
'. (E) 0.6

=X'-

x3

9. Find the absolute maximum of f(x) = x 3 on

the interval [ -1, 3].
(A) -1
(B) 0
(C) 3
(D) 27
(E) none
10. How many critical values are there for
[(x) = x 3 - eX?
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3
(E) 4
11. How many points of inflection are there for
[(x) = x 3 - eX?
(A) 0
(B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3
(E) 4
12. How many critical values are there for
[(x) = X} -:- 3x 5 ?
(A) 0
(}3) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3
(E) 4

122

Chapter'5

Applications of the Derivative

13. How many points of inflection are there for

[(x) = x 3 - 3x 5?
(A) 0
. (B) 1
(C) 2
(D) 3
(E) 4
14. If [(x) = Ix - 31 + x 2 , which of the follqwing
is true about [(x)?
.
(A) The function is not continuous and not
differentiable at x = 3.
.
(B) The function is not continuous but dIfferentiable at x = 3.
(C) The function is continuous but not differentiable at x = 3.
(D) The function is continuous and differentiable at x = 3,
(E) f'(3) = 6
15. Which of the following is true about the
function [(x) = 9x 3 - In x?
(A) Its domain is all real numbers.
(B) It is always concave up.
(C) It has no relative minima.
(D) It has one relative maximum.
(E) It has one point of inflection.
16. Find the interval(s) where [(x) = -x4 + 3x 2 - 2
is greater than zero.
(A) (-'00, -1.225) and (0, 1.225)
(B) ( -00, -

~) and (0, ~)

(C)(Yz, -1) and (1, Yz)

(D) (-0.707,0.707)
(E) (-1.414, -1) and (1, 1.414)
17. If [(x) = -x 4 + 3x 2 - 2, find the interval(s)
where {'(x) is greater than zero.
(A) (-00, -1.225) and (0, 1.225)
(B) (-00, -

~) and (0, ~)

(C) (- Yz, ~ 1) and (1, Yz)

(D) (-0.707,0.707)
(E) (-1.414, -1) and (1, 1.414)
18. If [(x) = -x 4 + 3x 2 - 2, find the interval(s)
where ["(x) is greater than zero.
(A) (-00, -1.225) and (0, 1.225)
(B)

(-OO,-~) and ( 0, ~)

(C) (- Yz, -1) and (1, Yz)

(D) (-0.707,0.707)
(E) (-1.414, -1) and (1, 1.414)

Iff(x)= x sin (x 2 ), which of the following is

true?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

Thereis a relative maximum at x = o.

There isa relative minimum at x = O.
There is no point of inflection at x = o.
fC21T) = 0
= 0

reO)

20~ Find the coordinates of the point oJ,1 the curve

tthat is closest to the point withcQordi-

nates (0, 3).

(A) (1, 1)
(B) (0.329,3.036)
(C) (0.25,4)
(D)

(t, 3)

(E) There is no closest point.

21. Which of the following are true for the function [(x) = 3x 3 - x?
I [(x) is an odd function.
II [(x) has one relative maximum and one
relative minimum.
III Its point of inflection is at x = o.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II
(D) I and III
(E) I, II, and III

24. [(x) = x 2 - 3x 3 has a point of inflection at

(A) x = 0
(B) x

=~

(C) x

(D) x =

13

(E) There is no point of inflection.

25. The
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

graph of [(x) = lnlxl has

domain = (x > 0)
range = (y > 0)
range = (all real numbers)
symmetry with the respect to the origin
a vertical and a horizontal asymptote

Free-Response Questions

A graphing calculator is required [or some questions.

1. (a) Find the value of c guaranteed by the
Mean Value Theorem for y = cos x on
the interval [ 0,

~ ].

(b) Draw a sketch of the graph of y

the interval [ 0,

cos x on

~ ]. Draw the line joining

the endpoints of the graph and a tangent

22. Which of the following are true for the func3x 2
tion[(x) = x - 1?
I Its domain is all real num.bers;
II Its range is (y ::::; 0).
III It has two relative extrema.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) III only
(D) I and III
(E) I, II, and III
23. What is the relative mInImUm value of
[(x) = x - In(sin(x)) on the interval (0, 1T)?
(A) 1.132
(B) 1.136
(C) 1.768
(D) 4.798
(E) 7.415

line at the value of x found in part (a).

2. Given the graph of ['(x) on [-2; 3] as shown:
y

('(x)

'-4/

) X

-2

(a) Find the critical values of [(x) and identify each critical value as a relative maximum, a relative minimum, or neither.
(b) Find the intervals where [(x) is increasing.
(c) Find the points of inflection of [(x).
(d) If [(0) = 1, sketch a graph of [(x) on
[-1,3].

Chapter Assessment

123

"f.".

plei-GhQllce Questions
<LUI'LL"'''''

talciilator is required {or some ques-

1.' The lower sum of {(x)

=Vx

on .the interval
[0, 1] with four equal subintervals is
(A) 025
(B) 0.518
(C) 0.667
(D) 0.768
(E) 3.073

2. The limit of the right-hand sum lim

n -->00

Ji

5. The left-hand su)Jl for {(x) = x S on the interval [ --':'1, llusing four equal subintervals is
(A) -1
1
(B)

-2

(C)

(D)

(E) 1

6. Which

of

the

following

is

true

for

{(x) = cos x on the interval [ - ;, ; ] using

four equal subintervals?
(A) left-hand sum

( n

~ n ) 3]

represents' the area of which

< right-hand sum

(B) right~hand sum

< left-hand sum

(C) midpoint sum < left-hand sum

function on which interval?

(D) midpoint sum = left-hand sum

(A) {(x) = x 3 0n [0, 1]

(E) left-hand sum = right-hand sum

(B) {(x)

= -\-

(C) {(x)

(D) {(x) =

on [0, 1]

7. Which value of n gives the largest upper sum

for {(x) = 2x 2 on the interval [ -1, 1]?

x 3 on [1,2]
x3

(A) n = 4

on [0, 2]

(B) n = 10

(E) {(x) = x 3 on [0, n]

(C) n = 20

3. The lowel' sumoff(x) = -;-(x- 1)2 + lon the

interval [0, 2] with four equal subintervals is

(A)

(E) n =50

.8. Which of the following is true for the lower

sum of {(x) =

(B)i

(D) n = 30

:k on the interval [1, 2] for any

(C)

number 9f subintervals?
(A) lower sum> In 2

(D)

(B) lower sum

2::!

(E) 2

(C) lower sum

4. Which of the following is true for

{(x) = 4 - x 2 on the interval [0, 2] with n
equal subintervals?
(A) the left-hand sum = the right-hand sum
(B) the left-hand sum> the right-hand sum
(C) the left-hand sum < the right-hand sum
(D) the area under the curve> the left-hand
sum
(E) the area under the curve < the righthand sum
6.2

(D) lower sum =

In 2

(E) lower sum < 0.5

Area Under a Curve: Approximation by Riemann Sums

137

Examples 8-10 use integrands for which the antiderivative can be

Examples 11 and 12, which follow, apply the second part of the
Fundamental Theorem to integrands for which the antideriva.tives are difficult or impossible to find.
found~

EXAMPLE 11

EXAMPLE 12

Exercises
A graphing calculator is required for some ques, tions.
1. For each of the following, sketch the region
w'hose area is defined by the integral and calculate the area:
(a) 1o\x2

represent the area of the region. Then compute the area of the region.
(a) .y = cos xon the interval [ -

~, ~ J

+ 2x) dx

(b)

(c)

10 ex dx

he lnx dx
'l\"

(d)

10

sinx dx

(b) y = eX - 1 on the interval [0, 1]

(e) f2(4 - x 2)dx

-2
'l\"

(f)

10

tanx dx '

(g) J1 -x2dx
-1

(h) 1:c6s 2xdx

4

---~x

2. For each of the following regions (a)-(e),

write one or more integral expressions that
6.3

The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

143