Great Books of The Western World

1/4/2015
Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Great Books of the Western World

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Great Books of the Western World is a series of books

originally published in the United States in 1952, by
Encyclopdia Britannica Inc., to present the Great Books
in a 54-volume set; the second edition of the series
comprises 60 volumes.
The original editors had three criteria for including a book in
the series: the book must be relevant to contemporary
matters, and not only important in its historical context; it
must be rewarding to re-read; and it must be a part of "the
great conversation about the great ideas", relevant to at
least 25 of the 102 great ideas identified by the editors. The
books were not chosen on the basis of ethnic and cultural
inclusiveness, historical influence, or the editors' agreement
with the views expressed by the authors.[1]
The Great Books (second edition)
Contents
1 History
2 Volumes
3 Second edition
4 Criticisms and responses
4.1 Criticisms of the authors selected
4.2 Criticisms of the works selected
4.3 Criticisms of difficulty
4.4 Criticisms of the set's rationale
4.5 Response to criticisms
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History
The project for the Great Books of the Western World began at the University of Chicago, where the president,
Robert Hutchins, collaborated with Mortimer Adler to develop a course generally aimed at businesspeople
for the purpose of filling the gaps in their liberal education; to render the reader as an intellectually rounded man or
woman familiar with the Great Books of the Western canon, and knowledgeable of the great ideas developed in the
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Books_of_the_Western_World
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course of three millennia. An original student of the project was William Benton (later a U.S. senator, and then chief
executive officer of the Encyclopdia Britannica publishing company) who proposed selecting the greatest books
of the Western canon, and that Hutchins and Adler produce unabridged editions for publication, by Encyclopdia
Britannica. Yet, Hutchins was wary of such a business endeavour, fearing that the books would be sold as a
product, thereby devaluing them as cultural artefacts; nevertheless, he agreed to the business deal, and paid
$60,000 for the project.
After deciding what subjects and authors to include, and how to present the materials, the project was begun, with
a budget of $2,000,000. On April 15, 1952, the Great Books of the Western World were presented at a
publication party in the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, in New York City. In his speech, Hutchins said, "This is more than
a set of books, and more than a liberal education. Great Books of the Western World is an act of piety. Here are
the sources of our being. Here is our heritage. This is the West. This is its meaning for mankind." The first two sets
of books were given to Elizabeth II, Queen of the U.K., and to Harry S. Truman, the incumbent U.S. President.
The initial sales of the book sets were poor, with only 1,863 sets sold in 1952, and less than one-tenth of that
number of book sets were sold in 1953. A financial debacle loomed until Encyclopdia Britannica altered the sales
strategy, and sold the book set through experienced door-to-door encyclopdia-salesmen, as Hutchins had feared;
but, through that method, 50,000 sets were sold in 1961. In 1963 the editors published Gateway to the Great
Books, a ten-volume set of readings meant to introduce the authors and the subjects of the Great Books. Each
year, from 1961 to 1998, the editors published The Great Ideas Today, an annual updating about the applicability
of the Great Books to contemporary life.[2][3] The Internet and the E-book reader have made available some of
the Great Books of the Western World in an on-line format.[4]
Volumes
Originally published in 54 volumes, The Great Books of the Western World covers categories including fiction,
history, poetry, natural science, mathematics, philosophy, drama, politics, religion, economics, and ethics. Hutchins
wrote the first volume, titled The Great Conversation, as an introduction and discourse on liberal education. Adler
sponsored the next two volumes, "The Great Ideas: A Syntopicon", as a way of emphasizing the unity of the set
and, by extension, of Western thought in general. A team of indexers spent months compiling references to such
topics as "Man's freedom in relation to the will of God" and "The denial of void or vacuum in favor of a plenum".
They grouped the topics into 102 chapters, for which Adler wrote 102 introductions. Four colors identify each
volume by subject area -- Imaginative Literature, Mathematics and the Natural Sciences, History and Social
Science, and Philosophy and Theology. The volumes contained the following works:
Volume 1
The Great Conversation
Volume 2
Syntopicon I: Angel, Animal, Aristocracy, Art, Astronomy, Beauty, Being, Cause, Chance, Change, Citizen,
Constitution, Courage, Custom and Convention, Definition, Democracy, Desire, Dialectic, Duty, Education,
Element, Emotion, Eternity, Evolution, Experience, Family, Fate, Form, God, Good and Evil, Government,
Habit, Happiness, History, Honor, Hypothesis, Idea, Immortality, Induction, Infinity, Judgment, Justice,
Knowledge, Labor, Language, Law, Liberty, Life and Death, Logic, and Love
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Volume 3
Syntopicon II: Man, Mathematics, Matter, Mechanics, Medicine, Memory and Imagination, Metaphysics,
Mind, Monarchy, Nature, Necessity and Contingency, Oligarchy, One and Many, Opinion, Opposition,
Philosophy, Physics, Pleasure and Pain, Poetry, Principle, Progress, Prophecy, Prudence, Punishment,
Quality, Quantity, Reasoning, Relation, Religion, Revolution, Rhetoric, Same and Other, Science, Sense,
Sign and Symbol, Sin, Slavery, Soul, Space, State, Temperance, Theology, Time, Truth, Tyranny, Universal
and Particular, Virtue and Vice, War and Peace, Wealth, Will, Wisdom, and World
Volume 4
Homer (rendered into English prose by Samuel Butler)
The Iliad
The Odyssey
Volume 5
Aeschylus (translated into English verse by G.M. Cookson)
The Suppliant Maidens
The Persians
Seven Against Thebes
Prometheus Bound
The Oresteia
Agamemnon
Choephoroe
The Eumenides
Sophocles (translated into English prose by Sir Richard C. Jebb)
The Oedipus Cycle
Oedipus the King
Oedipus at Colonus
Antigone
Ajax
Electra
The Trachiniae
Philoctetes
Euripides (translated into English prose by Edward P. Coleridge)
Rhesus
Medea
Hippolytus
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Alcestis
Heracleidae
The Suppliants
Trojan Women
Ion
Helen
Andromache
Electra
Bacchantes
Hecuba
Heracles Mad
Phoenician Women
Orestes
Iphigeneia in Tauris
Iphigeneia at Aulis
Cyclops
Aristophanes (translated into English verse by Benjamin Bickley Rogers)
The Acharnians
The Knights
The Clouds
The Wasps
Peace
The Birds
The Frogs
Lysistrata
Thesmophoriazusae
Ecclesiazousae
Plutus
Volume 6
Herodotus
The History (translated by George Rawlinson)
Thucydides
History of the Peloponnesian War (translated by Richard Crawley and revised by R. Feetham)
Volume 7
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Plato
The Dialogues (translated by Benjamin Jowett)
Charmides
Lysis
Laches
Protagoras
Euthydemus
Cratylus
Phaedrus
Ion
Symposium
Meno
Euthyphro
Apology
Crito
Phaedo
Gorgias
The Republic
Timaeus
Critias
Parmenides
Theaetetus
Sophist
Statesman
Philebus
Laws
The Seventh Letter (translated by J. Harward)
Volume 8
Aristotle
Categories
On Interpretation
Prior Analytics
Posterior Analytics
Topics
Sophistical Refutations
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Physics
On the Heavens
On Generation and Corruption
Meteorology
Metaphysics
On the Soul
Minor biological works
Volume 9
Aristotle
History of Animals
Parts of Animals
On the Motion of Animals
On the Gait of Animals
On the Generation of Animals
Nicomachean Ethics
Politics
The Athenian Constitution
Rhetoric
Poetics
Volume 10
Hippocrates
Works
Galen
On the Natural Faculties
Volume 11
Euclid
The Thirteen Books of Euclid's Elements
Archimedes
On the Sphere and Cylinder
Measurement of a Circle
On Conoids and Spheroids
On Spirals
On the Equilibrium of Planes
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The Sand Reckoner

The Quadrature of the Parabola
On Floating Bodies
Book of Lemmas
The Method Treating of Mechanical Problems
Apollonius of Perga
On Conic Sections
Nicomachus of Gerasa
Introduction to Arithmetic
Volume 12
Lucretius
On the Nature of Things (translated by H.A.J. Munro)
Epictetus
The Discourses (translated by George Long)
Marcus Aurelius
The Meditations (translated by George Long)
Volume 13
Virgil
Eclogues
Georgics
Aeneid
Volume 14
Plutarch
The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans
Volume 15
P. Cornelius Tacitus (translated by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb)
The Annals
The Histories
Volume 16
Ptolemy
Almagest, part 1 (translated by R. Catesby Taliaferro)
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Nicolaus Copernicus
On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (translated by Charles Glenn Wallis)
Johannes Kepler (translated by Charles Glenn Wallis)
Epitome of Copernican Astronomy (Books IVV)
The Harmonies of the World (Book V)
Volume 17
Plotinus
The Six Enneads
Volume 18
Augustine of Hippo
The Confessions
The City of God
On Christian Doctrine
Volume 19
Thomas Aquinas
Summa Theologica (First part complete, selections from second part, translated by the Fathers of the
English Dominican Province and revised by Daniel J. Sullivan)
Volume 20
Thomas Aquinas
Summa Theologica (Selections from second and third parts and supplement, translated by the
Fathers of the English Dominican Province and revised by Daniel J. Sullivan)
Volume 21
Dante Alighieri
The Divine Comedy (Translated by Charles Eliot Norton)
Volume 22
Geoffrey Chaucer
Troilus and Criseyde
The Canterbury Tales
Volume 23
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Niccol Machiavelli
The Prince
Thomas Hobbes
Leviathan
Volume 24
Franois Rabelais
Gargantua and Pantagruel
Volume 25
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne
Essays
Volume 26
William Shakespeare
The First Part of King Henry the Sixth
The Second Part of King Henry the Sixth
The Third Part of King Henry the Sixth
The Tragedy of Richard the Third
The Comedy of Errors
Titus Andronicus
The Taming of the Shrew
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Love's Labour's Lost
Romeo and Juliet
The Tragedy of King Richard the Second
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The Life and Death of King John
The Merchant of Venice
The First Part of King Henry the Fourth
The Second Part of King Henry the Fourth
Much Ado About Nothing
The Life of King Henry the Fifth
Julius Caesar
As You Like It
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Volume 27
William Shakespeare
Twelfth Night; or, What You Will
The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
The Merry Wives of Windsor
Troilus and Cressida
All's Well That Ends Well
Measure for Measure
Othello, the Moor of Venice
King Lear
Macbeth
Antony and Cleopatra
Coriolanus
Timon of Athens
Pericles, Prince of Tyre
Cymbeline
The Winter's Tale
The Tempest
The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eighth
Sonnets
Volume 28
William Gilbert
On the Loadstone and Magnetic Bodies
Galileo Galilei
Dialogues Concerning the Two New Sciences
William Harvey
On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals
On the Circulation of Blood
On the Generation of Animals
Volume 29
Miguel de Cervantes
The History of Don Quixote de la Mancha
Volume 30
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Sir Francis Bacon

The Advancement of Learning
Novum Organum
New Atlantis
Volume 31
Ren Descartes
Rules for the Direction of the Mind
Discourse on the Method
Meditations on First Philosophy
Objections Against the Meditations and Replies
The Geometry
Benedict de Spinoza
Ethics
Volume 32
John Milton
English Minor Poems
Paradise Lost
Samson Agonistes
Areopagitica
Volume 33
Blaise Pascal
The Provincial Letters
Penses
Scientific and mathematical essays
Volume 34
Sir Isaac Newton
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
Optics
Christian Huygens
Treatise on Light
Volume 35
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John Locke
A Letter Concerning Toleration
Concerning Civil Government, Second Essay
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
George Berkeley
The Principles of Human Knowledge
David Hume
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
Volume 36
Jonathan Swift
Gulliver's Travels
Laurence Sterne
The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman
Volume 37
Henry Fielding
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
Volume 38
Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu
The Spirit of the Laws
Jean Jacques Rousseau
A Discourse on the Origin of Inequality
A Discourse on Political Economy
The Social Contract
Volume 39
Adam Smith
An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
Volume 40
Edward Gibbon
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Part 1)
Volume 41
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Edward Gibbon
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Part 2)
Volume 42
Immanuel Kant
Critique of Pure Reason
Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals
Critique of Practical Reason
Excerpts from The Metaphysics of Morals
Preface and Introduction to the Metaphysical Elements of Ethics with a note on
Conscience
General Introduction to the Metaphysic of Morals
The Science of Right
The Critique of Judgement
Volume 43
American State Papers
Declaration of Independence
Articles of Confederation
The Constitution of the United States of America
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay
The Federalist
John Stuart Mill
On Liberty
Considerations on Representative Government
Utilitarianism
Volume 44
James Boswell
The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D.
Volume 45
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier
Elements of Chemistry
Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier
Analytical Theory of Heat
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Michael Faraday
Experimental Researches in Electricity
Volume 46
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
The Philosophy of Right
The Philosophy of History
Volume 47
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Faust
Volume 48
Herman Melville
Moby Dick; or, The Whale
Volume 49
Charles Darwin
The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
Volume 50
Karl Marx
Capital
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
Manifesto of the Communist Party
Volume 51
Count Leo Tolstoy
War and Peace
Volume 52
Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky
The Brothers Karamazov
Volume 53
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William James
The Principles of Psychology
Volume 54
Sigmund Freud
The Origin and Development of Psycho-Analysis
Selected Papers on Hysteria
The Sexual Enlightenment of Children
The Future Prospects of Psycho-Analytic Therapy
Observations on "Wild" Psycho-Analysis
The Interpretation of Dreams
On Narcissism
Instincts and Their Vicissitudes
Repression
The Unconscious
A General Introduction to Psycho-Analysis
Beyond the Pleasure Principle
Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego
The Ego and the Id
Inhibitions, Symptoms, and Anxiety
Thoughts for the Times on War and Death
Civilization and Its Discontents
New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis
Second edition
In 1990 a second edition of Great Books of the Western World was published, with updated translations and six
more volumes of material covering the 20th century, an era of which the first edition was nearly devoid. A number
of pre-20th century books were also added, and four were dropped: Apollonius' On Conic Sections, Laurence
Sterne's Tristram Shandy, Henry Fielding's Tom Jones, and Joseph Fourier's Analytical Theory of Heat. Adler
later expressed regret about dropping On Conic Sections and Tom Jones. Adler also voiced disagreement with
the addition of Voltaire's Candide, and said that the Syntopicon should have included references to the Koran. He
addressed criticisms that the set was too heavily Western European and did not adequately represent women and
minority authors.[1]
The pre-20th century books added (volume numbering is not strictly compatible with the first edition due to
rearrangement of some books):
Volume 20
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John Calvin
Institutes of the Christian Religion (Selections)
Volume 23
Erasmus
The Praise of Folly
Volume 31
Molire
The School for Wives
The Critique of the School for Wives
Tartuffe
Don Juan
The Miser
The Would-Be Gentleman
The Imaginary Invalid
Jean Racine
Brnice
Phdre
Volume 34
Voltaire
Candide
Denis Diderot
Rameau's Nephew
Volume 43
Sren Kierkegaard
Fear and Trembling
Friedrich Nietzsche
Beyond Good and Evil
Volume 44
Alexis de Tocqueville
Democracy in America
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Volume 45
Honor de Balzac
Cousin Bette
Volume 46
Jane Austen
Emma
George Eliot
Middlemarch
Volume 47
Charles Dickens
Little Dorrit
Volume 48
Mark Twain
Huckleberry Finn
Volume 52
Henrik Ibsen
A Doll's House
The Wild Duck
Hedda Gabler
The Master Builder
The six volumes of 20th century material consisted of the following:
Volume 55
William James
Pragmatism
Henri Bergson
"An Introduction to Metaphysics"
John Dewey
Experience and Education
Alfred North Whitehead
Science and the Modern World
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Bertrand Russell
The Problems of Philosophy
Martin Heidegger
What Is Metaphysics?
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Philosophical Investigations
Karl Barth
The Word of God and the Word of Man
Volume 56
Henri Poincar
Science and Hypothesis
Max Planck
Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers
Alfred North Whitehead
An Introduction to Mathematics
Albert Einstein
Relativity: The Special and the General Theory
Arthur Eddington
The Expanding Universe
Niels Bohr
Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature (selections)
Discussion with Einstein on Epistemology
G. H. Hardy
A Mathematician's Apology
Werner Heisenberg
Physics and Philosophy
Erwin Schrdinger
What Is Life?
Theodosius Dobzhansky
Genetics and the Origin of Species
C. H. Waddington
The Nature of Life
Volume 57
Thorstein Veblen
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The Theory of the Leisure Class

R. H. Tawney
The Acquisitive Society
John Maynard Keynes
The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
Volume 58
Sir James George Frazer
The Golden Bough (selections)
Max Weber
Essays in Sociology (selections)
Johan Huizinga
The Autumn of the Middle Ages
Claude Lvi-Strauss
Structural Anthropology (selections)
Volume 59
Henry James
The Beast in the Jungle
George Bernard Shaw
Saint Joan
Joseph Conrad
Heart of Darkness
Anton Chekhov
Uncle Vanya
Luigi Pirandello
Six Characters in Search of an Author
Marcel Proust
Remembrance of Things Past: "Swann in Love"
Willa Cather
A Lost Lady
Thomas Mann
Death in Venice
James Joyce
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Volume 60
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Virginia Woolf
To the Lighthouse
Franz Kafka
The Metamorphosis
D. H. Lawrence
The Prussian Officer
T. S. Eliot
The Waste Land
Eugene O'Neill
Mourning Becomes Electra
F. Scott Fitzgerald
The Great Gatsby
William Faulkner
A Rose for Emily
Bertolt Brecht
Mother Courage and Her Children
Ernest Hemingway
The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber
George Orwell
Animal Farm
Samuel Beckett
Waiting for Godot
Criticisms and responses

Criticisms of the authors selected
Criticism has attended Great Books of the Western World since publication. The stress Hutchins placed on the
monumental importance of these works was an easy target for those who dismissed the project as a celebration of
dead European males, ignoring contributions of women and non-European authors.[5][6] The criticism swelled in
tandem with the feminist and civil rights movements.[7]
In his Europe: A History, Norman Davies criticizes the compilation for overrepresenting selected parts of the
western world, especially Britain and the U.S., while ignoring the other, particularly Central and Eastern Europe.
According to his calculation, in 151 authors included in both editions, there are 49 English or American authors, 27
Frenchmen, 20 Germans, 15 ancient Greeks, 9 ancient Romans, 6 Russians, 4 Scandinavians, 3 Spaniards, 3
Italians, 3 Irishmen, 3 Scots, and 3 Eastern Europeans. Prejudices and preferences, he concludes, are self-evident.
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In response, such criticisms have been derided as ad hominem and biased in themselves. The counter-argument
maintains that such criticisms discount the importance of books solely because of generic, imprecise and possibly
irrelevant characteristics of the books' authors, rather than because of the content of the books themselves.[1] In
France there appeared several criticisms arguing that writers included in the list such as Milton, Harvey, Gilbert or
Melville weren't universally as relevant as some other writers such as John Calvin and Voltaire, who were initially
excluded; also, that it excluded many non-British or US authors from the early 20th century who were better
known to French readers, such as Musil, Roth or Zweig.
Criticisms of the works selected

Others thought that while the selected authors were worthy, too much emphasis was placed on the complete works
of a single author rather than a wider selection of authors and representative works (for instance, all of
Shakespeare's plays are included). The second edition of the set already contained 130 authors and 517 individual
works. The editors point out that the guides to additional reading for each topic in the Syntopicon refer the
interested reader to many more authors.[8]
Criticisms of difficulty
The scientific and mathematical selections also came under criticism for being incomprehensible to the average
reader, especially with the absence of any sort of critical apparatus. The second edition did drop two scientific
works, by Apollonius and Fourier, in part because of their perceived difficulty for the average reader. Nevertheless,
the editors steadfastly maintain that average readers are capable of understanding far more than the critics deem
possible. Robert Hutchins stated this view in the introduction to the first edition:
Because the great bulk of mankind have never had the chance to get a liberal education, it cannot be
"proved" that they can get it. Neither can it be "proved" that they cannot. The statement of the ideal,
however, is of value in indicating the direction that education should take.[9]
Criticisms of the set's rationale

Since the great majority of the works were still in print, one critic noted that the company could have saved two
million dollars and simply written a list. Encyclopdia Britannica's aggressive promotion produced solid sales.
Dense formatting also did not help readability.[10]
The second edition selected translations that were generally considered an improvement, though the cramped
typography remained. Through reading plans and the Syntopicon, the editors have attempted to guide readers
through the set.[11]
Response to criticisms
The editors respond that the set contains wide-ranging debates representing many viewpoints on significant issues,
not a monolithic school of thought. Mortimer Adler argued in the introduction to the second edition:
Presenting a wide variety and divergence of views or opinions, among which there is likely to be some truth
but also much more error, the Syntopicon [and by extension the larger set itself] invites readers to think for
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themselves and make up their own minds on every topic under consideration.[12]
See also
John Erskine
Charles W. Eliot
Robert Maynard Hutchins
Mortimer J. Adler
Educational perennialism
Western canon
Great Books
Harvard Classics
Liberal arts
References
1. ^ a b c Mortimer Adler (September 1997). "Selecting works for the 1990 edition of Great Books of the Western
World" (http://books.mirror.org/gb.sel1990.html). Great Books Index. Retrieved 2007-05-29. "We did not base our
selections on an author's nationality, religion, politics, or field of study; nor on an author's race or gender. Great
books were not chosen to make up quotas of any kind; there was no "affirmative action" in the process."
2. ^ Milton Meyer (1993). "Robert Maynard Hutchins: A Memoir" (http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft4w10061d/).
University of California Press. Retrieved 2007-05-30. This biography of Robert M. Hutchins contains an extensive
discussion of the Great Books project.
3. ^ Carrie Golus (2002-07-11). "Special Collections tells the story of a cornerstone of American education"
(http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/020711/greatbooks.shtml). The University of Chicago Chronicle. Retrieved
2007-05-30.
4. ^ "Great Books of the Western World (eBooks @ University of Adelaide)"
(http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/l/literature/gbww/index.html). University of Adelaide. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
5. ^ Sabrina Walters (2001-07-01). "Great Books won Adler fame, scorn" (http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1P24603568.html). Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2007-07-01.
6. ^ Peter Temes (2001-07-03). "Death of a Great Reader and Philosopher"
(http://web.archive.org/web/20071104012348/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4155/is_20010703/ai_n13917
760). Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original
(http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4155/is_20010703/ai_n13917760) on 2007-11-04. Retrieved 2007-07-11.
7. ^ John Berlau (August 2001). "What Happened to the Great Ideas? Mortimer J. Adler's Great Books programs"
(http://www.greatbooksacademy.org/newsroom/what-happened-to-the-great-ideas-by-john-berlau/). Insight
Magazine Insight on the News 17 (32): 16. Retrieved March 2014. "Harvard University's Henry Louis Gates blasted
the Great Books for showing 'profound disrespect for the intellectual capacities of people of color red, brown or
yellow.'"
8. ^ Mortimer J. Adler (1990). "Bibliography of Additional Readings". The Syntopicon: II. Great Books of the
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Western World, vol. 1-2 (2nd edition ed.). Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc. pp. 909996. ISBN 0-85229-531-6.
9. ^ Robert M. Hutchins (1952). "Chapter VI: Education for All". The Great Conversation. Encyclopdia Britannica,
Inc. p. 44.
10. ^ Dwight Macdonald (1952-11-29 with later appendix). "The Book-of-the-Millennium Club"
(http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/50s/macdonald-great-books.html). The New Yorker. Retrieved
2007-05-29. "I also wonder how many of the over 100,000 customers who have by now caved in under the
pressure of Mr. Harden and his banner-bearing colleagues are doing much browsing in these upland pastures?"
Check date values in: |date=(help)
11. ^ Mortimer J. Adler (1990). The Great Conversation (2nd edition ed.). Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc. pp. 3334
for discussion of new translations, pp.7498 for reading plans and guides. ISBN 0-85229-531-6.
12. ^ Mortimer J. Adler (1990). "Section 1: The Great Books and the Great Ideas". The Great Conversation (2nd
edition ed.). Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc. p. 27. ISBN 0-85229-531-6.
External links
Official Britannica web page for the Great Books
(http://britannicashop.britannica.co.uk/epages/Store.sf/Shops/Britannicashop/Products/ENC_BOOK_0123.
html)
Center for the Study of the Great Ideas (http://www.thegreatideas.org/index.html) Mortimer Adler web
pages with extensive discussion of the Great Books
The Great Conversation: Confessions of an Eavesdropper (http://readingthegreat.com/) a blog detailing the
experiences of reading through the great books of the Western World.
Greater Books (http://www.greaterbooks.com) - a site documenting lists of "great books," classics, canons,
including the Great Books of the Western World
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title=Great_Books_of_the_Western_World&oldid=638398068"
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Great Books of The Western World - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia PDF

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Great Books of The Western World - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia PDF

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1/4/2015

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World is a series of books

The Great Books (second edition)

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Sand Reckoner

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sir Francis Bacon

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Theory of the Leisure Class

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Criticisms and responses

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Criticisms of the works selected

Criticisms of the set's rationale

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Great Books of the Western World - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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