Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lecture-02
Topics Addressed
Concrete Floor Systems
Analysis and Design of Slabs
Basic Design Steps
Example: Design of 90 x 60 Hall
References
Rib
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
Design
Once the analysis is done, the design is carried out in the
usual manner. So no problem in design, problem is only in
analysis of slabs.
Two-Way Behavior
10
11
12
13
14
One end
continuous
Both ends
continuous
Cantilever
Member
Solid one-way slabs
l /20
l /24
l /28
l /10
l /16
l /18.5
l /21
l /8
15
Beam
h
Wall
ln
lc/c
ln
lc/c
1)
2)
l = Minimum of [(ln +h) or c/c distance] ; for non-integral supports such as walls
with any distance & for integral supports (beams and columns) with ln > 10
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17
18
Prismatic
members
ln
1.2ln
Two or more spans
19
Integral with
support
Simple
support
ln
ln
ln
1/14
1/16
1/11
Positive
Moment
x w l 2
u n
Spandrel
support
1/24
Column
support
1/16
1/10*
1/11
1/11
1/10*
Negative
Moment
*1/9 (2 spans)
x wuln2
* 1/11(on both faces of other interior supports)
20
10
Capacity Demand
21
22
11
Main Reinforcement
Shrinkage Reinforcement
23
24
12
25
26
13
(Note that this is not the only option or the best option. Just
selected to make a one-way slab design case)
Section A-A
A
Interior span
End span
18
9.25
10
18
Section B-B
18
8.5
10
27
End span
Interior span
9.25
8.5
Both ends
continuous
Cantilever
Member
One end
continuous
l /20
l /24
l /28
l /10
l /16
l /18.5
l /21
l /8
28
14
Thickness (in)
g (kcf)
Slab
0.15
Mud
0.12
Tile
0.12
Total
0.125 ksf
29
Assume beam width = 18, clear lengths area shown in the figure:
M = coefficient wu ln2
30
15
0.58 kip-in/in
ACI Coefficient
- (1/12)
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
Moment (kip-in/in)
-1.29
31
This will work for both positive and negative steel as Asmin governs.
32
16
Main Reinforcement:
3hf = 3 6 =18
18
33
5hf =5 6 =30 OR 18
34
17
35
Beam
36
18
At the far end the chairs are provided to support the negative reinforcement. As each bar
will need a separate chair therefore to reduce the number of chairs supporting bars are
provided perpendicular to the direction of negative reinforcement.
37
38
19
Supporting bars
39
Therefore l = 61.5
Depth (h) = (61.5/16)(0.4+fy/100000)12= 36.9 (Minimum by ACI 9.5.2.2).
Take h = 5 = 60
d = h 3 = 57
bw = 18 (assumed)
40
20
10
10
= 2.14 k/ft
54
18 (assumed)
2.14 + 1.215 =
3.355 k/ft
Section A-A
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
41
Vu = 84.71 kip
Mu = 19034 in-kip
30.75
42
21
Step (a): According to ACI 8.12, beff for T-beam is minimum of:
16hf + bw = 16 6 + 18 =114
So beff = 114
43
Re-calculate a:
a =Asfy/ (0.85fcbeff) =9.79 40/ (0.85 3 114) = 1.34 < hf
Therefore design beam as rectangular beam.
After trials As = 9.38 in2 {Asmax = 20.83 in2 ;Asmin = 5.13 in2}
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22
45
Skin Reinforcement
Skin
Reinforcement
With this spacing, 3 bars on each face are required. And for # 8 bar, the
total area of skin reinforcement is:
Askin = 6 0.79 = 4.8 in2
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23
47
24
Avfy/ 0.75
48
24
49
Other checks:
Vs 8
Vs = (Avfyd)/sd
50
25
Other checks:
Check if Vs 4
If Vs 4
Vs = (Avfyd)/sd
= (0.75 0.22 40 57)/9.5 = 39.6 k < 168.58 k, O.K.
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52
26
53
54
27
Wu = 3.355 k/ft
61.5
20
Column size = 18 18
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
55
20
Analysis
Results
Mu (+ve) = 17627 in-kips
Mu (-ve) = 1407 in-kips
Column size = 18 18
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
56
28
57
58
29
Mu
59
c
gh
Size:
18 in. 18 in.
18
Loads:
Pu = 103.17 kips
Mu = 1407 in-kips
fc = 3 ksi,
fy = 60 ksi
60
30
the
column
strength
r = 0.01
Using 8 #6 bars
Strength Interaction Diagram (ACI Design Handbook)
61
Tie Bars:
Using 3/8 (#3) tie bars for 3/4 (#6) main bars (ACI 7.10.5),
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31
Drafting
63
Main
Reinforcement
64
32
Data Given:
Column size = 18 18
fc =3 ksi
fy = 40 ksi
qa = 2.204 k/ft2
65
Sizes:
Assume h = 15 in.
66
33
Sizes:
davg + c
B = 7
davg / 2 =
11/2 = 5.5
c = 18
davg + c
B = 7
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Loads:
68
34
Analysis:
Punching shear:
= 90.85 kip
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Critical Section
Analysis:
Flexural Analysis:
Mu = quBk2/2
k = (B c)/2 = (7 x 12 18)/2
qu
qu
= 33 in = 2.75
70
35
Design:
davg
f bodavg
71
Design:
Mu = 668.60 kip-in
a = 0.2davg = 0.2 11 = 2.2
As = Mu/ {fy(davg a/2)} = 668.60/ {0.9 40 (11 2.2/2)} = 1.87
in2
a = Asfy/ (0.85fcB) = 1.83 40/ (0.85 3 7 12) = 0.35
After trials, As = 1.71 in2 (Asmin = 0.005Bdavg = 4.62 in2 so Asmin
governs)
72
36
Main
Reinforcement
Design:
73
74
37
Slab Reinforcement
Beam Reinforcement
75
Curtailed Bars
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
Skin Reinforcement
Reinforced Concrete Design II
38
77
78
39
12
14
16
18
20
4.0
(Using 6)
4.8
(Using 6)
5.6
(Using 6)
6.4
(Using 7)
7.2
(Using 8)
8.0
(Using 8)
19.97
29.55
40.99
58.10
79.21
98.64
0.144
0.17
0.24
0.28
0.32
0.41
79
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
10
15
20
25
80
40
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
10
15
Spacing Between the Beams (ft)
20
25
81
10
12
14
Mu (+ve)(in-kip)
12007
15380
17627
19877
22126
Mu (-ve) (in-kip)
957
1226
1407
1585
1764
5.90
7.56
8.68
9.80
10.93
As (+ve)
(in2)
Note:
Mu (+ve)
Mu (-ve)
82
41
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
0
6
8
10
Spacing Between Beams (ft)
12
14
16
83
2.
3.
84
42
Appendix C
MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS
85
Appendix C
MINIMUM DESIGN LOADS
Go to slide no 14
86
43
References
ACI 318
Design of Concrete Structures by Nilson, Darwin and
Dolan
ACI Design Handbook
87
The End
88
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