Eng.

6002 Ship Structures 1

Hull Girder Response Analysis
LECTURE 3: ESTIMATION OF WEIGHT
DISTRIBUTION AND STILL WATER BENDING
MOMENT

Estimation of Weight Distribution

For ships with parallel middle body (cargo ships)
If the weight distribution is unknown and we need to
estimate the distribution, the Prohaska method can be
used

The weight distribution is a trapezoid on top of a uniform

distribution

Estimation of Weight Distribution cont.

The weights are distributed as shown, with:

Whull
W
L

Estimation of Weight Distribution cont.

Note that since a and b average to

b
a
1.5
W
2W

we can
W say:

Estimation of Weight Distribution cont.

To move the lcg, the fore and aft ends of the load

diagram must be adjusted by equal and opposite

amounts

Longitudinal Strength of Ships:

Murrays Method for SWBM

Although computer methods have emerged as a practical

way of calculating the still water bending moment, it
makes sense to discuss Murrays Method for hand
calculations
Based on the idea that forces and moments in a ship are
self balancing (no net forces transferred to world)

Longitudinal Strength of Ships:

Murrays Method for SWBM

He proposed that any set of weight and buoyancy forces

are in balance

Longitudinal Strength of Ships:

Murrays Method for SWBM

Furthermore, for any cut at x, the moment at the cut can

be determined by:

BM ( x) y1L1 y2 L2 y5 L5 y3 L3 y4 L4

Longitudinal Strength of Ships:

Murrays Method for SWBM

Applying this idea to a ship

Longitudinal Strength of Ships:

Murrays Method for SWBM

The bending moment at amidships is:

The estimate of max bending moment can be improved

by averaging these

Longitudinal Strength of Ships:

Murrays Method for SWBM

The bending moment at amidships is:

We can simplify the buoyancy part by:

Longitudinal Strength of Ships:

Murrays Method for SWBM

Murray suggested a set of values for the average

moment arm, as a function of ship length,CB, and the

ratio of draft to length

x La CB b
T/L
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06

a
0.209
0.199
0.189
0.179

b
0.03
0.041
0.052
0.063

Example using Murrays Method

Tanker with L = 278m, B=37m, CB=0.8

Example using Murrays Method

To find BMB we need the draft

W CB L B T

T
CB L B
140690

0.8 278 37 1.025

16.68 m

So T/L = 16.68/278 = 0.06

Example using Murrays Method

Murrays table gives

a=0.179 and b=0.063

And the buoyancy

bending moment is

x 278.179 0.8 0.063

57.32 m

1
BM B x
2
1
140690 57.32
2
4,032,428 t m

Example using Murrays Method

The still water bending

moment is then

Assuming the wave bending

moments are:
WBMsag=583800 t-m and
WBMhog=520440 t-m

SWBM BM W BM B
hog

sag

3,129,220 4,032,428
903,145 t m
sagging

Example using Murrays Method

The total bending moment

is

Total BM 903,145 583,800

1,486,945 ( sag )