CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

1.1 Understanding chemistry and its importance

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Explain the meaning of chemistry

List some common chemicals used in daily life,
State the uses of common chemicals in daily life,
List examples of occupations that require the knowledge of chemistry
List chemical-based industries In Malaysia,
Describe the contribution of chemical-based industries in Malaysia

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Meaning of chemistry

What is chemistry ?
the study of the composition, structure, properties and interactions of matter.
2. Common chemicals and their uses in daily life

3. Occupations that require the knowledge of chemistry

What career related with chemistry ?
Biochemist /Chemical engineer /Cosmetic scientist /Doctor /Food technology
/Pharmacist / laboratory assistant
4. Chemical-based industries In Malaysia and their contribution

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

1.2

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Synthesising scientific method

Identify variables in a given situation.
Identify the relationship between two variables to form a hypothesis
Design and carry out a simple experiment to test the hypothesis, record and present data in a suitable form
Interpret data to draw a conclusion
Write a report of investigation

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Scientific Method - a systematic method used to solve problems in science

Observation inference (smart guess) identify problem making hypothesis
identify & control variables carry out experiment collect data interprets data lab report
Laboratory experiment report
1. Problem statement : question form [why/which/What/How/Is..?]
Examples:
No
Pattern
A) Is alloy harder than pure metal?
B) Does higher temperature results a higher rate of reaction?
C) How the presence of other metal affects the rusting rate of an iron nail?
2. Hypothesis: make a general statement
Examples:
No
Pattern
Example
A)
A is .. than B
Alloy is harder than pure metal
B)
The A , the B
The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of reaction.
C) When A ., it will .
When the iron nail coiled with a metal which is more
When B ., it will .
electropositive, it will not rust.
When the iron nail coiled with a metal which is less
electropositive, it will rust faster.
3. Variables:
Manipulated
Responding
Constant

Change in experiment
Result of the experiment
No changes during experiment

4. Apparatus : instrument used (can be reused)

5. Materials : chemical used (mass /concentration / volume stated)(discard after used)
Examples:

200cm3 of 0.1mol dm-3 sulphuric acid

: 2g of zinc powder
: 2cm3 bromine water / 20cm3 distilled water

A) solution :
B) solid

C) liquid
6. Procedures : passive sentences

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

7. Results :

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Quantitative [tabulate data in table form (correct unit and decimal place)]
MV / unit
RV / unit
Qualitative [describe observation in sentence]
8. Interpreting data: inference / explanations / chemistry equation / calculation/ graph
9. Conclusion : hypothesis accepted / rejected

1.3

Incorporate scientific attitudes and values in conducting scientific

investigations

Identify scientific attitudes and values practiced by scientists in carrying out investigations,
Practice scientific attitudes and values in conducting scientific investigations

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Enrichment Exercises

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

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