Advanced Level

Bank Reconciliation Statements (With answers)

A.

Purpose of a bank reconciliation

It should be prepared regularly as part of the internal control system of the business to check:
a) the accuracy of the cash book
b) the accuracy of the bank statement
c) that undue delay is not occurring between payments, receipts and their clearance by the
bank
d) to discover payments made and items received by the bank not entered in the cash book

B.

Reasons for differences in bank statement and cash book

a) The causes of difference will be fall into one of the following classes:
b) Items (not consisting of errors) which appear in the bank statement but which are not in
the cash book, e.g., dishonoured cheques or bills, interest and bank charges, standing
order (an order made to the bank to make a regular payment), dividends or interest
income credited direct to the bank and payments by customers which are paid direct to
the bank.
c) Items (not consisting of errors) which appear in the cash book but which do not appear in
the bank statement. These are confined to outstanding cheques and outstanding deposits.
d) Errors made in the compilation of the cash book or the bank statement.

C.

Two forms of bank reconciliation are in common usage:

1) The bank balance is reconciled to the balance in the depositors records (or the balance in
the depositors records to the bank balance)
2) Both the bank balance and the balance per depositors records are reconciled to a correct
balance.
Illustration
The cash book of J.Jones showed a balance at the bank of $570 in hand on 31 January 19X1.
At the same date, the bank statement balance of J.Jones account was $446 overdrawn. The
difference was accounted for as follows:
1) Cheques for $1 555 sent to creditors on 30 January were not paid by the bank until 8
February.
2) Cheques amounting to $2 520 paid into the bank on 31 January were not credited by the
bank until 1 February.
3) A standing order for a charitable subscription of $60 had been paid by the bank on 21
January but no entry had been made in the cash book.
4) A cheque paid by J.Jones for rent on 15 January for $345 had been entered in his cash
book as $354.
Prepare the bank reconciliation statement.
1

Advanced Level

Method 1
Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 31 January 19X1
$
Balance per cash book
Add: Correction of error on rent paid*
Unpresented cheques (outstanding)
Less: Standing order (subscription paid)*
Uncredited deposits (outstanding)
Balance per Bank statement

$
570
9

1 555
60
2 520

1 564
2 134
2 580
O/D (446)

* Adjustments in cash book:

Unadjusted cash book balance
Add: correction of error on rent paid
Less: Standing order (Subscription paid)
Adjusted cash book balance

570
9
(60)
519

Method 2
Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 31 January 19X1
Balance per cash book
Add: Correction of error on rent paid
Less: Charitable subscription paid so
Corrected cash book balance

Balance per Bank statement

Add: Uncredited deposits (outstanding)
Less: Unpresented cheques (outstanding)
Corrected cash book balance

$
570
9
579
60
519

O/D (446)
2 520
2 074
1 555
519

The journal entry needed is:

Dr. Donation

60
2

Advanced Level

Cr. Rent
Cr. Cash

9
51

Exercise One
Kay Rogans Cash Book at 30th November 1982 showed an overdrawn position of 3,630
which did not match with her bank statement. Detailed examination of the two records revealed the
following:
(a) The debit side of the cash book had been undercast by 300.
(b) A cheque for 1,560 in favour of Z Suppliers Ltd., had been omitted by the bank from its
statement, the cheque having been debited to another customers account.
(c) A lodgement of 1080 on 30th November had not been credited by the bank.
(d) Interest amounting to 228 had been debited by the bank but not entered in the cash book.
Required:
i.
ii.

Reconcile the balance of the cash book and bank statement to the corrected bank
balance. (Method 2)
Reconcile the cash book balance to the balance of the bank. (Method 1)

i)
Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 30.11.82
$

Balance as per cash book

(3630)

Add: Debit side of cash book undercast

300

(3330)
Less: Interest not entered in cash book

228

Balance as per corrected cash book balance

3558
$

Balance as per bank statement

Add: Uncredited deposite (Bank lodgement)

$
(3078)
1080
3

Advanced Level

(1998)
Less: Cheque omitted (Bank error)

1560

Balance as per corrected cash book balance

(3558)

ii)
Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 30.11.82
$

Balance as per cash book

(3630)

Add: Debit side of cash book undercast

300

Less: Unpresented cheque (Bank error)

1560

1860
(1770)

Less: Interest not entered in cash book

228

Add: Uncredited deposite (Bank lodgement)

1080

1788
__

Balance as per bank statement

4038

Exercise Two
Hay has received his bank pass sheets for the year to 30 September 1993. At the date, his
balance at the bank amounted to 14,130 whereas his own cash book showed a balance of 20,000.
His accountant investigated the matter, and discovered the following discrepancies:
(a) Hay had brought down his opening cash book balance of 6,585 as a debit balance instead
of as a credit balance.
(b) Hay had entered a payment of 560 in his cash book as 650.
(c) Cheques drawn by Hay in July 1993 had not been presented to the bank.
(d) One of Hays customers had agreed to settle their debts 450 by direct debit though
nothing was entered in the cash books yet. Unfortunately, the bank had credited the direct
debit to another customers account.
Required:
i.
ii.

Make any necessary entries in the cash book as at 30 September 1993.

Prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at 30 September 1993.

i)
Cash Book
4

Advanced Level

Balance b/d
(b)

20,000 (a)

Expense error of payment

90

Suspense-error of carrying

13,170

down (6,585 x 2)

(650-560)
(d)

Debtors direct transfer

from a customer

450

Balance c/d

7,370

20,540
ii)

20,540

Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 30 September 1993

$
14,130

Balance as per bank statement

Add: Bank error credited to wrong account

450
14,580

Less: Unpresented cheque

(b.f)

Balance as per corrected bank balance

7,210

7,370

Exercise Three
Leslie, a sole trader, received a bank statement for the month of May as follows:
May
Dr.
Cr.
Balance
1
Opening balance
85
3
123456
150
65 O/D
9
123450
42
107 O/D
14 Sundry credit
210
103
18 Interest
24
79
20 Sundry credit
350
429
22 123457
220
209
23 123448
100
109
24 Standing order rent
10
99
25 Sundry credit
531
630
26 Credit transfer Mills
25
655
28 423460
100
555
30 123459
405
150
31 Closing balance
150
For the corresponding period, Leslie's own records contained the following bank account:
Bank
May
14

Cheque from G. Smith

$ May
210 1

Balance b/d

$
57
5

Advanced Level

20
25
25
31
31

Cash Sales
Cheque from F Jones
Cheque from R Black
Cheque from W Wayne
Balance c/d

350 3
410 22
121 23
196 30
9 31
1 296

Electricity
Wages
Purchases
Rent
Purchases

123456
123457
123458
123459
123460

150
222
415
405
47
1 296

Required:
Prepare the bank reconciliation statement as at 31 May 1993 from the cash book and the bank
statement to the corrected bank balance.
Workings: (reconciliation of beginning balances of cash book and bank statement)
The beginning balance of the bank statement
Less: Unpresented cheques last month (42+100)
The beginning balance of the cash book

$ 85
142
(57) O/D

Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 31 May 1993

$

$
(9) O/D

Balance as per cash book

Add:

Credit transfer - Mills

Error related to a payment in the cash book

25
2

27
18

Less:

Bank interest charge

24

Standing order

10

Corrected bank balance

(16) O/D

Balance as per bank statement

Add:

34

150

Uncredited deposit

196

Bank error cheque drawn by the other client

100

296
446

Less:

Unpresented cheques - 123458

415

- 123460

47

Corrected bank balance

462
(16) O/D
6

Advanced Level

Advanced Level

Exercise Four (This example is the continuation of exercise three.)

Leslie continued his business in June 1993 and his bank account was given as follows:
Bank
June
1
15
16
30
30

Cheque from A Smith

Cheque from B Roy
Cash Sales
Cheque from X York
Cheque from Z Rock

$ June
190 1
100 9
450 19
110 29
301 30
1 151

Balance b/d
Rates
Purchases
Wages
Balance c/d

123462
123463
123464

$
16
230
505
120
280
1 151

The corresponding bank statement for the month of June 1993 was:
June
1
1
1
3
9
25
29
30

Dr.
Opening balance
Sundry credit
Sundry credit
Adjustment
123462
Sundry credit
123464
Closing balance

Cr.
196
190
100

230
550
120

Balance
150
346
536
636
406
956
836
836

Additional information:
It was found that the details for the cheques received on 30th June 1993 were:
Drawer of the cheque
Date on the cheque
Amount
X York
15th December 1992
$110
Z Rock
15th July 1993
301
You are required to:
a) Update and correct the cash book on 30th June 1993.
b) Draw up a bank reconciliation statement at 30th June 1993.
c) Are there any irregularities to be reported after the reconciliation?
d) What would we do if a cheque drawn by us remained unpresented for over six months?

Advanced Level

(a)
Cash Book (Bank column)
Balance b/d

280 X. York

(stale cheque)

110

Balance c/d

131 Debtors Z Rock

(postdated cheque)

301

411

411

b)

Leslie
Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 30 June 1993
$
Balance as per bank statement
Less:

Unpresented cheques

- 123458

415

- 123460

47

- 123463

505

$
863

967

Corrected bank balance

(131) O/D

Workings: (reconciliation of beginning balances of cash book and bank statement)

The beginning balance of the bank statement
$ 150
Add: Adjustment for the bank error
100
Uncredited deposit last month
196
296
446
Less: Unpresented cheques last month and still unpresented (415+47)
The beginning balance of the cash book

462
(16) O/D

c) i) Deposits of money received on 15 / 16 of June only appeared on the bank statement only on
25 of June. The unreasonable delay of 10 days is not acceptable.
ii) The cheque no. 123461 is missing.
d)

The stale cheque must be written back in the cash book:

Dr. Bank
xx
Cr. Creditors
xx

Exercise Five
Kay Rogans Cash Book at 30th November 1982 showed an overdrawn position of 3,630
although her bank statement showed only 2,118 overdrawn. Detailed examination of the two
9

Advanced Level

records revealed the following:

(a) The debit side of the cash book had been undercast by 300.
(b) A cheque for 1,560 in favour of Z Suppliers Ltd., had been omitted by the bank from its
statement, the cheque having been debited to another customers account.
(c) A cheque for 182 drawn in payment of the telephone account had been entered in the
cash book as 128 but was shown correctly on the bank statement.
(d) A cheque for 210 from A. brooks having been paid into the bank was dishonoured and
shown as such on the bank statement although no entry relating to the dishonour had been
made in the cash book.
(e) The bank had debited a cheque for 126 to Kays account in error; it should have been
debited by them to Ray Kogans account.
(f) A dividend of 90 on Kays holding of Ordinary Shares has been paid direct to her bank
account and no entry made in the cash book.
(g) Cheques totaling 1260 drawn on 29th November had not been presented for payment
(h) A lodgement of 1080 on 30th November had not been credited by the bank.
(i) Interest amounting to 228 had been debited by the bank but not entered in the cash book.
Required:
1. Make any necessary entries in the cash book.
2. Prepare a statement reconciling Kay Rogans corrected cash book with her bank statement
at 30th November 1982.
1.
Cash Book
1982

$ 1982
Suspense - undercast
Dividend received
Balance c/d

300

Balance b/d

90

Telephone

3732

3630
54

A Brooks- dishonoured cheque

210

Interest

228

4122

4122

2.
Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 30 September 1993
$

$
10

Advanced Level

Balance as per bank statement

Add: Error by the bank

(2,118)
126

Uncredited deposit

1,080

1,206
(912)

Add: Cheque omitted - Z Suppliers

Unpresented Cheque

1,560
1,260

Balance per adjusted / corrected cash book

2,820
(3,732)

Exercise Six
Hay has received his bank pass sheets for the year to 31st October 1983. At the date, his
balance at the bank amounted to 14,130 whereas his own cash book showed a balance of 47,330.
His accountant investigated the matter, and discovered the following discrepancies:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Bank charges of 60 had not been entered in the cash book.

Cheques drawn by Hay and totaling 450 had not yet been presented to the bank.
Hay had not entered receipts of 530 in his cash book.
The bank had not credited Hay with receipts of 1,970 paid into the bank on 31st October
1983.
(e) Standing order payments amounting to 1,240 had not been entered in the cash book.
(f) Hay had entered a payment of 560 in his cash book as 650.
(g) A cheque received for 300 from a debtor had been returned by the bank marked refer to
drawer, but this had not been written back in the cash book.
(h) Hay had brought down his opening cash book balance of 6,585 as a debit balance instead
of as a credit balance.
(i) An old cheque payment amounting to 880 had been written back in the cash book, but
the bank had already honoured it.
(j) Some of Hays customers had paid to settle their debts by direct debit. Unfortunately, the
bank had credited some direct debits amounting to 16,650 to another customers
account.
Required:
(i) Prepare a statement showing Hays adjusted cash book balance as at 31stOctober 1983.
(ii)
Prepare a bank reconciliation statement as at 31st October 1983.
(i)
Statement adjusting cash book balance as at 31.10.83
$
Balance per cash book

$
47,330
11

Advanced Level

Add: Receipts not entered

530

Error of original entry in cash book (650-560)

90

620
47,950

Less: Standing order payments

1,240

Bank charges

60

Dishonoured cheque
Error in balance b/d (6,585 x 2)

300
13,170

Old cheque written back being honoured

880

Corrected cash balance

15,650
32,300

(ii)
Bank Reconciliation statement as at 31.10.83
$
Balance per Bank Statement
Add: Uncredited deposit
Direct debits posted to another customer

$
14,130

1,970
16,650

18,620
32,750

Less: Unpresented cheque

Balance per cash book (corrected)

450
32,300

12

Advanced Level

Exercise Seven
The bank account for the month of September 1983 for the firm of Rivers and Co. was as follows:
Bank Account
Receipts

Payments

Sept
1
1
1
13
20

Sept.
Balance b/d
T. Hames
Dove Enterprises
Isis PLC
Colne Electronics

271.94 3
53.40 4
62.85 8
1793.48 9
2404.37 13
20
24
26
26
27
28
30

Derwent Ltd.
Severn Bros.
Clyde and Co.
Ribble Merchants
Swale Associates
Don Engineering
Humber Water Authority
Arun Decorators
Tyne Borough
Council
Salaries transfers
Wye and sons Ltd.
Balance c/d

Cheque
no.
052316
052317
052318
052319
052320
052321
Direct
Debit
052322
Standing
Order
-052323

4586.04
Oct
Balance b/d
1

25.08
31.72
121.86
1374.29
10.35
642.13
32.00
90.44
123.57
940.60
4.30
1189.70
4586.04

1189.70

In early October the firms bank sent a statement for the month of September 1983, as shown below.
Statement of account with Mersey Bank Plc
Name: Rivers and Co. Current Account Date Issued: 1st October 1983
Sept.
1
2
5
8
12
13
13
15
16

Description
BCE
052315
052314
052316
DD (Medway Insurance)
CR
052318
052319
052317

Debit

Credit

85.16
100.34
25.08
26.26
1793.48
121.86
1374.29
31.72

Balance

592.45
507.29
406.95
381.87
355.61
2146.09
2027.23
652.94
621.22
13

Advanced Level

20
CR
2404.37
3025.59
22 DD (Humber Water Authority)
32.00
2993.59
23
052320
10.35
2983.24
26
SO
123.57
2859.67
28
TRFR
940.60
1919.07
20
INT (Loan Account)
11.19
1907.88
30
Bank charges
7.37
1900.51
30
052321
642.13
1258.38
30
BCE
1258.38
Abbreviations:
BCE = Balance
SO = Standing Order
CR = Credit TRFR = Transfer.
INT = Interest.
DD = Direct debit (to Current Account).
Required:
Prepare the firms Bank Reconciliation Statement as at 30th September 1983.
(You should make reasonable assumptions in order to explain some items in the question. The
answers may vary according to your assumptions.)
Bank Reconciliation statement as at 30.9.1983

Balance per cash book

Less: Direct Debit
Interest charged
Bank charges
Cheques not yet deposited (53.4+62.85) **1

1,189.7
26.26
11.19
7.37
116.25

161.07

Corrected cash book balance

1,028.63

Balance per bank statement

1,258.38

Less: Unpresented cheque ~ 052322

~ 052323
Unpresented cheques outstanding at 31 Aug 1983 **2

90.44
4.30
135.01

Balance as per corrected cash book balance

229.75
1,028.63

Workings to reconcile the difference between the opening balances:

Balance per bank statement as at 1983
Less: Unpresented cheques as at 31 Aug 1983: 052314
Unpresented cheques as at 31 Aug 1983: 052315

592.45
100.34
85.16

185.5
406.95

Balance per cash book as at 1983

271.94

Missing Balance **2

135.01
14

Advanced Level

**1 : Assuming that the cheques were accidentally left behind in

the drawer or being stolen after debiting the cash book.
**2 : Assuming the missing balance represented the unpresented
cheques as at 31 Aug 1983 which were still not presented as
at 30 Sept. 1983

15

Advanced Level

Exercise Eight
From the information given below relating to PWW Limited you are required to:
(a) Make such additional entries in the cash at bank account of PWW Limited as you
consider necessary to show the correct balance at 31st October 1982.
(b) Prepare a statement reconciling the correct balance in the cash at bank account as shown
in (a) above with balance at 31st October 1982 that is shown on the bank statement from Z
Bank Limited.
Cash at bank account in the ledger of PWW Limited
October
1
Balance b/f
8
Q Manufacturing
8
R Cement
11 S Limited
11 T & sons
11 U & Co
15 V Limited
15 W Electrical
22 X and Associates
26 Y Limited
26 Z Limited
29 ABC Limited
29 DEE Corporation
29 GHI Limited
31 Balance c/f

$
274
3443
1146
638
512
4174
1426
887
1202
2875
982
1003
722
2461
14

21759

October
1
1
8
8
15
15
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
25
26
26
26
28
29
29
29

Wages
Petty Cash
Wages
Petty Cash
Wages
Petty Cash
A & Sons
B Limited
C & Company
D&E
F Limited
G Associates
Wages
Petty Cash
H & Partner
J Sons & Co. Ltd
K & Co
L, M & N
O Limited
Wages
Petty Cash
P & Sons

$
3146
55
3106
39
3029
78
929
134
77
263
1782
230
3217
91
26
868
107
666
112
3191
52
561
21759

16

Advanced Level

Z Bank Limited
Statement of Account with PWW Limited
October
1
1
1
1
2
2
6
8
8
8
11
15
15
15
22
22
22
25
25
26
26
26
27
27
29
29
29
29
29
29
31

Payment
937407
937406
937372
937384
937379
937391
Sundry credit
937408
937409
Sundry credit
Sundry credit
937411
937410
Sundry credit
937418
937419
937416
937413
937412
Sundry credit
937417
937415
937414
Sundry credit
937426
937425
937420
Dividends on investments
937423
Charges

Receipts

55
3146
421
73
155
212

Balance
1135

O/D

2487

O/D
O/D

2715
2927

O/D

1483
3841

4589
3106
39
5324
2313
78
3029

3047
1202

3217
91
1782
134
929

941
O/D

975

3857
230
263
77

1723
1383
4186

52
3191
26
2728
666
936

4362
3426

17

Advanced Level

Cash Book
1982
31/10

$ 1982
Dividends on investment

2,728 31/10

$
Balance b/d

14

Charges

936

Balance c/d

1,778

2,728

2,728

Bank Reconciliation statement as at 31.10.1982

$
Balance per bank statement

$
3,426

Less: Unpresented cheques: J sons & co Ltd.

868

K & Co

107

O Ltd

112

P & Sons

561

Balance per cash book (corrected)

1,648
1,778

Workings to reconcile the difference in the opening balances:

Balance as per bank statement as at Oct 1

1,135

Less: Unpresented Cheque

~ 937372

421

~ 937384

73

~ 937379

155

~ 937391

212

Balance as per cash book as at Oct 1

861
274

Exercise Nine
On 3 February 1983, Mr. J. Sheffield received the following monthly current account bank
statement for January 1983 from his bank.
Mr. Sheffield liked to keep a full record of all his personal transactions including cash
purchases by completing a note book of all monies received and paid. The following is an extract
of his note book for the month of January 1983. The balance on 1 st January 1983 included his
personal cash which amounted to 26.30 (twenty six pounds thirty pence) as well as his current
bank account balance. The cash drawn from the bank for own use was used immediately for
personal expenditure.
18

Advanced Level

ILOMAN BANK LIMITED

Bank Statement Current Account
January 1983
Account: Mr. J. Sheffield a/c number 16508324
Date
1983
1 Jan
2
5
8
9
10
12
14
16
20
24
26
27
28
28
30

Particulars

Payments

Receipts

Balance
Cheque 5923
Cash
Standing Order
Cheque 21804
K. Roberts cheque receipt
cheque 21805
Dishonoured cheque
Cheque 21807
Standing Order
Cash
Salary
Charges
Transfer
Salary Mrs. Sheffield
Interest

Balance

26.00
55.00
52.00
36.18
56.26
72.40
56.26
46.27
26.00
100.00
563.00
16.82
250.00
235.00
0.62

246.00
220.00
165.00
113.00
76.82
133.08
60.68
4.42
O/D 41.85
O/D 67.85
32.15
595.15
578.33
328.33
563.33
562.71

Note Book (containing cash and current account transactions).

Date
1983
1 Jan
4
5
6
7
8
11
12
13
18
19
20
21
22

Particulars

Balance

Balance brought forward

Cash for own use from bank
Telephone cheque 21804
Car repair cheque 21805
Cheque from K. Roberts
Deposit for holiday cheque 21806
Standing order mortgage
Cash from M. Short
Cash in hand spent on housekeeping
New tyres cheque 21807
Electricity cheque 21808
Standing Order
Cash to bank current a/c
Cheque from K. Knowall

55.00
36.18
72.40
56.26
100.00
52.00
131.62
55.00
46.27
62.34
26.00
100.00
64.80

272.30
217.30
181.12
108.72
164.98
64.98
12.98
144.60
89.60
43.33
O/D 19.01
O/D 45.01
-19.79
19

Advanced Level

26
28
28
31

Salary cheque received

Transfer to deposit a/c
Wife salary cheque to deposit a/c
Balance carried forward

563.00
250.00
235.00

582.79
332.79
-332.79

20

Advanced Level

Required:
(a) A bank reconciliation statement for the month of January 1983.
(b) Suggest to Mr. J. Sheffield how he can make the work of reconciliation easier. What items
would you query with the bank, if any and why?
(a)
Bank Reconciliation statement as at 31.1.83

Balance as per bank and personal cash

Add: Cash spent on housekeeping
Cash Banked

332.79
55.00
100.00

155.00
487.79

Less: Opening balance of personal cash

Cash from M short

26.30
131.62

Balance as per bank only (not including cash)

Less:

157.92
329.87

Dishonoured cheque

56.26

Charges

16.82

Interest

0.62

73.70

Corrected bank balance

256.17

Balance as per bank statement

562.71

Add: Uncredited deposit: K knowall

Error made by the bank (cheque 5923)

64.80
26.00

90.80
653.51

Less: Unpresented cheque: 21806

21808
Mrs. Sheffields salary cheque wrongly entered
Corrected bank balance

100.00
62.34
235.00

397.34
256.17

b) Suggestions to make the reconciliation easier:

1) Distinguish the receipts or payments of cash in hand and cash at bank. e.g. separate the note
book into cash column and bank column.
2) Avoid recording irrelevant information in the note book such as the transactions for the
deposit account.
We should query with the bank for two items:
1) Who was the drawer of the cheque no. 5923? Most probably, it was not drawn by us.
2) Why was Mrs. Sheffields salary cheque entered in the current a/c instead of deposit a/c?
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