Chapter 10

Objective Questions
1 Which of the following statements is incorrect about the negative feedback mechanism when
the blood pressure increases in a normal person under anxiety?
A Baroreceptors in the wall of the aortic arch and carotid arteries detect the blood pressure
B Nerve impulses are sent from baroreceptors to the cardiovascular centre in the medulla
oblongata
C Impulses are sent via efferent nerves to the effectors
D It results in stronger contraction of cardiac muscles
2 Which of the following is wrongly matched?
Donors blood group

Recipients blood group

A and B

B and AB

AB

AB and O

A, B, AB and O

3 Which of the following is not correct about the lymphatic system?

A Oedema may be caused by blocked lymphatic vessels
B The contraction of the muscular lymphatic vessels move the lymph along the vessels
C The thoracic duct carries the lymph into the left subclavian vein
D The right lymphatic duct carries the lymph into the right subclavian vein
4 A person who has recovered from measles has obtained
A natural active immunity
B acquired active immunity
C natural passive immunity
D acquired passive immunity
5 The vascular bundle of a dicotyledonous stem contains
I xylem
II phloem
III cambium
IV pith
A I and II only
B III and IV only
C I, II and III only
D I, II, III and IV
6 Which of the following is a correct sequence of the blood clotting mechanism?
A Thrombokinase (thromboplastin released) Platelets stick together Prothrombin
changes into thrombin Fibrinogen changes into fibrin
B Platelets stick together Thrombokinase (released) Fibrinogen changes into fibrin
Prothrombin changes into thrombin
C Platelets stick together Thrombokinase (released) Prothrombin changes into
thrombin Fibrinogen changes into fibrin
D Thrombokinase (released) Prothrombin changes into thrombin Fibrinogen changes
into fibrin Platelets stick together
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7 A small electronic pacemaker is placed in the upper chest of the human body to replace a
damaged
A atrioventricular node
C bundle of His fibres
B sinoatrial node
D Purkinje fibres
8 The diagram shows the human blood circulatory system.

What are circulations P and Q?

P

Open

Closed

Closed

Open

Pulmonary

Systemic

Systemic

Pulmonary

9 What are the suitable ways to maintain a healthy cardiovascular system?

I Consume diet rich in saturated fats and cholesterol
II Avoid smoking
III Do moderate exercise
IV Maintain a proper weight
A I, II and III only
C I, III and IV only
B I, II and IV only
D II, III and IV only
10 The diagram shows part of the human circulatory system.
Inferior
vena
cava

P
S
Liver
Gut

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Mesenteric artery

Hepatic vein

Hepatic portal vein

Aorta

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11 Which of the following is not a difference between an erythrocyte and a phagocytic leucocyte?
Erythrocyte

Leucocyte

Larger in size

Smaller in size

Has a definite shape

No definite shape

Contains haemoglobin

No haemoglobin

Transports oxygen

Engulfs foreign particles by phagocytosis

Blood pressure

12 The diagram shows the blood pressure in three blood vessels P, Q, R, S and T.

Aorta P

Figure 14

What are P, Q, R, S and T?

P

Artery

Capillary

Vein

Arteriole

Venule

Vein

Artery

Capillary

Venule

Arteriole

Artery

Arteriole

Capillary

Venule

Vein

Arteriole

Artery

Capillary

Vein

Venule

13 Which of the following differences between arteries and veins is not correct?
Arteries

Veins

Carry blood away from the heart

Carry blood from the tissues to the heart

All arteries carry oxygenated blood

All veins carry deoxygenated blood

Have thick muscular elastic wall

Have thinner and less muscular wall

No valves except semi-lunar valves in the

aorta and pulmonary artery

Valves present

14 The diagram shows three different blood circulatory systems P, Q and R.

body

pump

pump

gills

body

R
pump

lungs

body

pump

lungs

Which of the following is a correct match of the animal and its circulatory system?
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Human

Amphibian

Fish

Transpiration
rate

Transpiration
rate

15 Which of the following graphs shows the effect of increased humidity of the surrounding air on
the rate of transpiration?
A
C

Relative
humidity

Transpiration
rate

Transpiration
rate

Relative
humidity

Relative
humidity

Relative
humidity

Structured Question
1 The diagram shows a part of the blood circulatory system and the surrounding tissue.
.

R X

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Name the structure labelled P, Q, R and S.

Name two useful substances that can move out of Q and enter X.
Explain briefly how fluid from Q enters X.
Name the fluid found in
(i) X
(ii) Y
(e) State two differences between the composition of fluid in Q and X.
(f) State two functions of fluid Y.

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[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
[2 marks]

Biology SPM

Essay Question
1 (a) (i) What is meant by blood pressure? What is the normal blood pressure of a healthy adult
person when at rest?
[2 marks]
(ii) Describe the regulation of normal blood pressure in the human body.
[8 marks]
(b) (i) What is meant by hypertension? State two effects of sustained hypertension. [3 marks]
(ii) State the risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases and how the
risks may be reduced.
[7 marks]

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Biology SPM