Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dynalog Software
Please read License Agreement overleaf before installing
Contents
DCAPP 2010
This is the software needed to download data from a C-SCAN 2010 or CSCAN 2000 unit (See section 9 of survey manual for use).
To install place in CD drive. Installer should autorun. If Autorun fails to start,
open CD from My Computer and double click setup.exe
Folders created on root drive \DCAPP2010 & \DCAPP2010\archive\ &
\DCAPP2010\archive\original
C-SCAN Manuals
This is all the paper manuals in Adobe* PDF format. You must have Adobe
Acrobat* to read these.
C-SCAN Upgrader
This is a program that allows C-SCAN firmware upgrades. If you are sent an
upgrade file, this is the program to use. Should you be sent an upgrade, all
instructions for use will be included with the upgrade. Open CD from My
Computer and double click setup.exe
**
PREFACE
This manual explains the operation of the C-SCAN System for surveying the condition of the wrap
or coating on buried metal pipelines, and locating faults in the wrap. It is intended for the use of
surveyors with some experience of the survey and maintenance of pipelines.
While the C-SCAN equipment is reasonably robust and weatherproof, it contains delicate
electronic components and should be handled with reasonable care. Wherever possible it should
be transported in its specially designed foam lined case or otherwise protected from major
shocks. The C-SCAN Detector Unit can also be damaged by exposure to some forms of radiation
and to static electricity. Maintenance of this equipment should only be carried out by qualified
personnel using the Manufacturers Maintenance Manual.
The material contained in this Manual is copyrighted by Dynalog Electronics Ltd, and is not to be
photocopied, duplicated, or reproduced in any form without the express written consent of
Dynalog Electronics Ltd.
Publication in this manual of information on the design and operation of the C-SCAN System
does not confer any rights to use this information other than for the purpose of operating CSCAN equipment supplied by Dynalog Electronics Ltd.
Dynalog reserves the right to make improvements in its products without incurring any obligation
to incorporate such improvements into products already sold.
Specifications, instructions, and other information contained in this Manual are subject to change
without notice.
Any comments, queries or suggestions concerning this manual
should be sent to :
enquiry@dynalog.co.uk
web: www.dynalog.co.uk
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
1.2
3.1
Operating environment___________________________________________ 8
3.2
3.3
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
Preparation ___________________________________________________ 16
6.2
Planning ______________________________________________________ 17
6.3
6.4
Reference readings_____________________________________________ 17
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.10
6.11
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
New pipelines________________________________________________ 22
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
Sleeves_______________________________________________________ 24
7.9
7.10
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.6.1
8.6.2
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
1.1
Signal generator
The C-SCAN Signal Generator is a self-contained unit producing an AC signal current of 937.5
Hz.
Pressure relief
valve instructions
Pressure relief
valve- press when
lid is hard to open
Catches - when
closed seals the
box to IP65
PIPE
WARNING!
HIGH VOLTAGE
GROUND
Auxiliary Power
GROUND
connector- connects
generator to ground
bed or ground spikes
The output from the Signal Generator is a sine wave signal at a frequency of 937.5Hz, with a
nominal maximum voltage of 60V p-p. The maximum current obtainable is approximately 1A.
The RMS value of the current being produced is displayed on the LCD on the control panel,
expressed in mA. The actual level of current produced is set by the Surveyor using the
instruments controls. Once set, this current level will be maintained at a constant level (despite
any transient changes in soil resistivity) until the batteries are exhausted. In tests, the unit when
fully charged, has maintained a constant output of 600mA for up to 8 hours continuous operation
when using the internal batteries. Use of an external 12 volt supply can extend this time
indefinitely.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
1.2
Detector unit
Display and
Keypad
Carrying Handles
Base Unit
containing
batteries
Battery Charger
Input and PC connection
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
For further details of the detector operation see the Operators Manual.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
LCD display
showing current
state of unit
3.1
Operating environment
The generator is housed in a strong weatherproof metal case, but it is not designed for total
immersion and is not certified for use in hazardous areas. The Signal Generator will operate
between -20oC and +50oC. The efficiency of the generator is however reduced under extreme
conditions and it is advisable to protect it from prolonged direct sunlight in desert operations.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
Power requirements/batteries
The generator has a built-in re-chargeable power supply of three sealed lead-acid batteries, each
producing 12 volts and having a nominal capacity of 7 ampere/hours. The nominal output voltage
is 50 volts peak-to-peak (theoretical maximum 60 volts), which is 18 volts rms.
An external 12 volt battery (Car battery etc.) can be connected using the cable supplied. This will
extend the usable time to the capacity of the external battery. Note: the external battery must be
charged separately.
The generator is charged by an external power unit which will accept mains power at 120 volts or
240 volts and at frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz automatically.
A full charge should last for two to three days of normal survey work (depending on level of signal
current). The batteries should not be allowed to discharge completely. If possible, the generator
should be put on charge at the end of each days survey. This will extend the life of the batteries.
The generator is supplied in a low charge condition and should be fully charged before use.
3.3
Charging is initiated by attaching the charger power unit to the Auxiliary Power connector (see
diagram) and plugging the charger unit into the mains power. Selection of mains voltage
(240,220,110 etc) is automatic. When powered the charger unit will show a green light. This light
is only a power indicator light and does not show charge status.
Switch on the generator unit (power ON key). The generator LCD screen will show:
CHARGING BATTERY A
CHARGING BATTERIES ---will show. This message indicates that battery A (there are three batteries, ABC) is being
charged. After 2 minutes or less, the message will change to charging battery B and then to
battery C. If the batteries are very empty, this cycle will continue i.e. A then B then C then A etc.,
until a point is reached when it is safe to charge all three batteries at once. At this time the
message:
will show
This message will then continue until all batteries are charged. When each battery is charged it
will automatically be disconnected from the charger - it is therefore impossible to overcharge the
batteries. When all batteries are charged the message:
will show.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
4.1
When AUTO, MAN or RCL keys are pressed, the generator will check the existing AC voltage on
the pipeline (the AC component of the pipe to soil potential). If this is too high (greater than 6v
rms) then a warning will be shown. IT IS ESSENTIAL that the following procedure is carried out
to avoid damage to the generator:
Disconnect all CP stations and crossbonds to other pipelines within 3000ft (this
should have been done)
Re-check generator (go through switch on procedure again)
If EXCESSIVE VOLTS message still appears and indicated voltage is greater than
10v p-p then there is a foreign signal on the line DO NOT CONNECT
GENERATOR.
If EXCESSIVE VOLTS message still appears and indicated voltage is less than
10v p-p use a multi-meter set to AC current and connect between the PIPE and
GROUND leads (disconnect from generator first). If value is above 100mA rms
then there is a foreign AC signal on the line DO NOT CONNECT GENERATOR
If EXCESSIVE VOLTS message still appears and indicated voltage is less than
10v p-p use a multi-meter set to DC volts and connect between the PIPE and
GROUND leads (disconnect from generator first). If the DC voltage is greater than
+/-10v DO NOT CONNECT GENERATOR
To proceed with the connection press MANUAL.
NOTE:
It is the responsibility of the surveyor to check
the pipe-to-soil voltage (AC and DC) and current (AC) before proceeding.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
4.2
Connection to pipe
The fully charged Signal Generator should be placed close to the selected CP Test Post (or other
selected signal injection point), and connected to it using one of the short leads, plugged into the
PIPE CONNECTION socket. The other short lead should be plugged into the GROUND
CONNECTION socket. If a CP input position has been selected as signal injection point, the CP
System should be switched off, the ground bed disconnected, and the GROUND CONNECTION
lead should be attached to the CP ground bed lead. If a CP Test Post or valve is being used, the
GROUND CONNECTION lead should be clipped to one end of the long lead on the frame, and
this lead should be unreeled to a suitable grounding point as far away as possible from the line of
the pipe and at right angles to it. One or more of the GROUND SPIKES should be driven into the
ground at the ground point and the long lead should be attached to them (using the jump leads
provided, as necessary).
4.3
When pipe and ground connections have been made, the Signal Generator should be switched
ON. The Generator will carry out its own internal checks. When this check is completed
satisfactorily, the Operator can set the signal current. The flow diagram overleaf outlines the
detector operation.
The signal current is set using either the AUTO, RCL or MAN keys. AUTO automatically sets the
current to 600 mA. If the resistance of the ground/pipe circuit is such that 600mA cannot be
attained then the generator will automatically back off the current until a good signal is attained. If
the signal is satisfactory, the survey can start.
4.4
Once the Signal Current has been set, it will remain constant until the batteries are exhausted.
Any changes in operating conditions during the survey (e.g. changes in resistance at the
GROUND SPIKE due to rain or capillary action) will be automatically compensated for. If
conditions change dramatically such that the unit is unable to maintain the correct current, the
unit will set the output to zero and maximum every 2 seconds. This will be picked up by the
surveyor (the detector operator) alternating as NO SIGNAL then ACQUIRED or CLOSE. This
is an indication that the something has gone wrong with the generator.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
4.5
The resistances in the generator/pipe circuit define the maximum operating current. The circuit
resistances consist of the following components:
1.
2.
3.
Pipe to soil resistance (usually small because of the large area in contact) 3 ohms.
Generator to pipe connection (should be zero for good connection) 0 ohms
Generator to Ground connection (dependent on grounding system used see page 15
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
Resistance (ohms)
10000
1000
100
10
1
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Current (mA)
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
! EXCESSIVE AC VOLTS !
! POTENTIAL DAMAGE !
SEE LABEL IN LID
13.45 V P-P
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
5.1
The best ground point is usually the ground bed of the Cathodic Protection System, and this
should be used whenever possible. When the ground bed is used, it is necessary to switch off
the CP System for the duration of the survey and ensure that any cross connections from the CP
injection point to other pipes in the area are disconnected. The ground bed and the pipe should
be disconnected from the CP Unit and connected to the Signal Generator using the two short
leads (with plug on one end and crocodile clip on the other). Using a CP ground bed as the
ground point will allow the surveyor to put a large signal on the line (500-700mA) without any
danger of distorting the signal, and survey a considerable length of line (five to ten kilometres in
each direction on a well protected pipeline) without having to relocate the Generator.
5.2
CP test posts
If it is not possible to obtain access to the CP injection point, or if it is not feasible or permissible
to turn off the CP current, the surveyor can use one or more of the GROUND SPIKES provided
with the generator. In this case, a ground point should be selected where ground resistance is
likely to be low, e.g. moist ground with a good depth of soil, generally away from rocky outcrops.
The ground point should be as far as possible from the Signal Generator and the pipe, on a line
roughly perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, and away from other pipes or similar long buried
metal structures. Approximately 90 feet of cable is provided on the frame to facilitate selection of
a suitable site for the ground.
The Signal Generator is placed near a convenient CP Test Point (or valve, etc if no other
connection to the pipe is available) and the Generator is connected to the pipe using one of the
short leads with plug and clip, via the PIPE CONNECTION socket. A similar lead is plugged into
the GROUND CONNECTION socket, and the free end of the long ground cable on the frame is
connected to the clip end of the GROUND lead. The cable is then unreeled towards the
selected ground point and the other end is clipped to the GROUND SPIKE with the frame and
any remaining cable at the GROUND SPIKE, not near the pipe. If insufficient signal current is
obtainable with one GROUND SPIKE, additional spikes can be used. These should be
connected to the first GROUND SPIKE using the short jump leads (with clip on each end)
supplied.
The GROUND SPIKES should be driven as far as possible into the ground to ensure good
contact, and in particularly dry conditions it may be necessary to pour some water onto the
ground around the point of entry of the spike.
5.3
Other grounds
Use of existing ground points (other than CP ground beds), such as water pipes, lamp posts,
steel fences, pylons, etc, may be necessary in some situations but is not recommended. If such
structures are used as ground points it is essential to ensure that they do not approach or cross
over the pipeline being surveyed at any point.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
5.4
If the ground resistance is extremely high, it may not be possible to obtain a useful signal current,
even with all the available GROUND SPIKES in use. This may occur in extremely dry terrain
(desert or semi-desert) or where there is only a thin covering of soil over rock with a high
electrical resistance (e.g. granite). In this situation, it may be necessary to prepare a special
ground bed to minimise the resistance. This can be done by connecting the GROUND LEAD to
a sheet of aluminium foil which is placed in a trench, covered with brine, and buried.
5.5
When the Generator is switched on, the GROUND LEAD will emit a signal similar to that of the
pipe at the signal input point, and the signal will divide where it enters the pipe, with roughly half
of the signal going in each direction, there will therefore be considerable mutual interference of
radiating fields around the signal input point. In order to minimise the length of pipe over which
this interference is likely to prevent useful readings, it is essential that the cables are laid out
perpendicular to the pipe axis, and the ground point is as far away as possible. In normal
circumstances, a length of pipe 15-45 feet (depending on depth of pipe) either side of the signal
injection point cannot be surveyed and must be covered in the next leg when the Signal
Generator has been moved to its next location.
6.1
Preparation
Before starting any pipe line survey, it is advisable to assemble as much information as possible
about the line. This should include a large scale map (say 1:5000 or better) showing the location
of the line and any other pipelines in the area, the approximate positions of all branches, valves,
CP Test Posts, anodes, sleeves, and any other relevant information. The Surveyor should also
review the available data on the lines history: date of installation, nature of wrap or coating, all
recent survey reports, including Pearson surveys and CP potential surveys, and when and
where the line has been excavated and the coating repaired over, say, the last five years,
together with reports on defects found when excavating.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
6.2
Planning
In planning a survey, particularly on a pipe line that has not been C-SCAN surveyed before, it is
helpful if possible reference locations and signal input locations can be marked on the map.
Signal input requires access to the pipe and must therefore be at CP Test Posts, CP Input
positions, or possibly block valves, etc. When selecting these, it should be remembered that the
area in the immediate vicinity of the signal input cannot be surveyed, thus if a particular road or
stream crossing is likely to be the site of faults, this requires that the Generator is NOT sited at
the CP Post alongside the road but at the next one. There will generally be some degree of
overlap in the lengths of pipe that are surveyed from each Generator position to ensure that the
dead spots are adequately covered.
6.3
The most common sites for wrap and coating defects are: where the pipe runs underneath
roadways and rivers or streams, where the pipe trench has been cut through rock rather than soft
sub-soil, and where other excavations (for civil engineering work or laying additional pipe lines)
have taken place close to the line of the pipe after it was installed. Other areas to be checked
include block valves, joints between sections installed by different teams at different times, steep
slopes, and areas where the pipe line changes direction with a relatively small radius. It is
suggested that in these areas, the survey points should be relatively close together.
6.4
Reference readings
The sites for reference readings will frequently be dictated by the topography. Reference
locations must be identifiable so that readings can be repeated at a later date to check for
progressive deterioration of the line. This means that they should generally be at road crossings
or field boundaries which can be identified on the map and on the ground.
6.5
The optimum distance between readings will depend on two main factors: the general quality of
the line and the minimum size of fault that is likely to require accurate location for excavation and
repair. On a pipeline that has not been surveyed with a C-SCAN system before, it is important
that the distance is short so that all anomalies can be captured.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
6.6
Attenuation values
Typical attenuation values for well protected lines of various sizes are:
Values of conductance imposed by NACE TM0102-2002 fall into the following categories:
Less than
100uS to
500uS to
Above
100 uS/m2
500 uS/m2
2000 uS/m2
2000 uS/m2
Excellent coating
Good to fair coating
Fair to bad coating
Bad to no coating
10,000 ohm. m2
2,000 ohm. m2
500 ohm. m2
500 ohm. m2
Excellent coating
Good to fair coating
Fair to bad coating
Bad to no coating
This falls very well into the C-SCAN limits for good /bad coating.
NOTE: C-SCAN 2010 assumes 1000 ohm cm soil
Size
inches
Size
metres
9
36
0.219
0.914
Attenuation
range mB/m
excellent
0.01 - 0.80
0.05 1.50
Attenuation
range mB/m
average
0.80 2.00
1.50 3.00
Attenuation
range mB/m
poor
2.00 4.00
3.00 7.00
Attenuation
range mB/m
bad
4.00 10.00+
7.00 11.00+
The actual values obtained on well-protected lines may be outside these ranges, particularly if the
average ground resistance is abnormally high or low.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
Research has been carried out on the relationship between coating conductance and attenuation.
The above graph shows the relationship, assuming the ground resistance is1000 ohm cm. The
C-SCAN 2010 indicates coating conductance (see 2010 operators manual).
6.7
Initial survey
When starting on a new line, the Operator should make some test readings over two or three
sections (typically 150-300 ft). If the line is say, a 24 pipeline and all the test readings are in the
range 2.0-2.5 mB/m, this indicates that the wrap is in poor condition but this may not be due to
discrete faults but rather to general deterioration or porosity of the wrap. This general condition
might be confirmed by reference to recent CP potential readings. In this situation, it is unlikely
that the line owners are going to re-wrap long sections of line, so the Operator will record the
general condition as a baseline for future surveys and will only try to locate individual faults where
the average attenuation is significantly higher than the test range - say over 3.0 mB/m on a 1500
foot section. Such a reading could indicate a single point fault of 250-500 mb in addition to the
general deterioration. This could rapidly be confirmed by halving the section (taking a reading
mid-way between the two last readings, and measuring the attenuation in both directions - see
example in appendix).
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
6.8
Signal range
Wrap/coating condition
Amount of signal applied.
For a pipe with poor coating, the attenuations will be high and therefore the range will be limited.
If a low signal is applied the range is also reduced. The following graph shows the relationship
between the maximum range versus attenuation for a given generator current. The graph
assumes that the generator current is split into two at the injection point. If a survey starts at an
insulating flange then the current is doubled.
Range Vs attenuation
1000000
100000
distance (feet)
10000
1000
100
10
1
0
Attenuation mb/m
1000mA
6.9
600mA
150mA
Fault size
On trial surveys it has been found that there is some correlation between point attenuation and
size of fault. A local loss of 100-150 mb (10-15% reduction in signal current) has indicated a
pinhole fault of about 1/600 square inch. While at the other extreme a loss of 1,500 mb (85% loss
of signal current) was associated with approximately 10.5 square feet of exposed pipe. There is
no general linear relationship between local attenuation figures and size of fault. These can be
affected by local soil resistivity (in particular whether the pipe is above or below the local water
table), and by the build-up of corrosion deposits at a fault over time. It is also possible that an
apparently small fault at the surface of the wrap is related to a large area of hidden wrap
disbondment and therefore produces a large local attenuation. It is probable that for any given
pipe, the correlation between fault size and local attenuation will be closer, but confirmation of this
requires more data collected over an extended period.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
The C-SCAN System operates with a clean sine wave signal of 937.5Hz. The band width of the
filters on the Detector Unit is less than 20Hz. The frequency used and the small band width have
been selected to minimise interference from commonly occurring frequencies while maximising
the distance that the signal can travel and still provide useful data (3-6 miles on a reasonably well
protected pipe).
7.2
The instrument is not affected by any residual ripple in the rectified current used in standard
cathodic protection systems, provided it is within certain limits (see 4.1, page 10)
The C-SCAN signal will be significantly distorted if a Pearson type survey is carried out on any
section of the same pipeline at the same time as the C-SCAN survey.
Some forms of military signals traffic using powerful transmitters which happen to be located near
a pipeline, can result in the pipeline acting as an antenna and re-radiating a signal which may
overlap with the C-SCAN signal. If the existence of such interference is suspected, the operator
should turn off the Signal Generator and check whether a signal can still be detected on the pipe.
If the external signal appears to be constant, the true C-SCAN signal will be arrived at by
subtracting the value of the external signal.
The instrument will reject signals where the field strength at the top of the antenna is greater than
that at the bottom negative depth indication may appear). This includes any signal generated by
a conductor approximately 2 feet or more above the base of the detector. Overhead power lines
of normal height will not usually affect the readings, although an HT line within, say, 6-30 feet
might swamp the system.
The instrument may pick up transient signals within its frequency range which arise in a random
fashion from e.g. telephone lines laid close to the pipeline, but these will usually be eliminated by
the signal averaging system.
7.3
Buried metal structures (e.g. other pipes) which are relatively large and pass close to the pipeline
being surveyed, or lie in the same trench, can sometimes pick up the applied signal and reradiate it. This can occur through inductance or through signal current escaping from a fault in
the wrap on one pipe and transferring to the other. This is particularly likely to occur if the Signal
Generator GROUND SPIKE has been placed close to, say, an unwrapped iron water pipe which
also crosses the pipe being surveyed at some point. The operator will usually recognise the
anomalous readings produced in this situation and must repeat the survey with the Signal
Generator at a different location.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
7.4
Cross bonds
Pipe lines which run near each other are frequently bonded to reduce the possibility of corrosion
being induced on one of them by a high CP potential on the other. These bonds can usually be
disconnected at CP test posts. It is usually advisable to disconnect all cross-bonds for at least
the next five to ten kilometres when carrying out a survey. If this cannot be done, the bonds will
show up as faults and some of the signal will be transferred to the other line where it may be
picked up during the survey. It is usually possible to distinguish the survey pipeline from the one
carrying a signal returned via a cross-bond by the considerable difference in signal strength.
7.5
Sacrificial anodes
These are generally used instead of an applied CP current as a means of protecting the pipeline.
They will show up as faults on a C-SCAN survey and should be disconnected if possible
because they will severely reduce the available current and thus shorten the length of pipeline
that can be surveyed from one Generator location.
7.6
Bends (of radius less than approximately 30 feet) and T or Y junctions in pipelines will often
result in local distortion of the radiated field because of mutual interference between the signals
from adjacent sections. Although discrete wrap faults can usually be located in these areas with
a short close interval survey, readings taken close to bends and Tees should not be used to
compute attenuation levels over long sections of pipeline. Reference points should, where
possible, be at least 20 feet from a bend or junction. If attenuation readings are made across a
junction, a fault will be indicated because part of the signal will have gone down the other leg of
the pipeline.
7.7
Insulating flanges
Where pipelines enter hazardous areas, or at the interface between a section protected by
sacrificial anodes and a section protected by an applied CP potential (e.g. at the shore line), it is
sometimes the practice to insert an insulating flange which electrically isolates one section of pipe
from the other. If the C-SCAN operator is surveying the CP protected section and approaches
such a flange, the signal level will be extremely low and there may be a very high apparent
attenuation over the last few hundred metres before the flange. This problem can however be
overcome by connecting the Generator to the flange and surveying away from it, or by grounding
the CP side of the flange and surveying towards it.
7.8
Sleeves
Where a pipe is sleeved under a roadway (run through a section of metal pipe of larger diameter
which provides protection from mechanical damage), it is still possible to detect wrap faults on the
enclosed pipe.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
7.9
When part of the applied signal current escapes through a wrap fault into the soil, it will travel in
the general direction of the Signal Generator GROUND point. After a short distance, the return
current will become dispersed and virtually undetectable, but close to the fault, this current may
produce a field which will interfere with the field radiating from the pipe. This may produce a dip
in the apparent pipe current plotted during a close interval fault locating survey, i.e. after the
sharp fall in signal current (indicating the presence of a fault) the current may return part way to
its original level when the effects of the return current are no longer present. This effect is
particularly marked when operating close to the GROUND point, when the fault is large, and
when the pipe itself is large and with cover of less than one diameter.
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
It will be noted that the current level at the end of the section was approximately 5.6 mA
at a depth of 1.6 metres. It is normally considered that readings using current levels as
low as this should be cross-checked, and in practice the Generator would be moved up to
location 04 for the next leg of the survey to provide a degree of overlap.
The whole of this part of the survey, over very difficult terrain, was covered in
approximately 45 minutes.
A close interval survey was carried out over the section 01 to 02 where the high
attenuation had been observed. The plot of this survey is attached. This showed at least
two significant faults (most probable positions marked +) plus possible deterioration
inside the road crossing sleeve.
On both of the plots (attenuation and close interval current), the depth of the pipe to
centre line has also been plotted. This can sometimes be of assistance for planning
excavations and for checking that the pipe has adequate cover at all points.
8)
9)
10)
3.18
67.86
11:51
01
1.90
63.50
25
00
2.20
02
2.47
44.58
40
01
7.50
03
2.09
26.73
178
02
2.33
03
2.09
26.73
218
01
3.43
04
2.49
17.98
320
03
1.02
05
1.69
5.897
920
04
1.05
06
1.65
5.605
1500
00
1.43
06TH JUNE
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SURVEY PROCEDURE MANUAL Version 4.05
8 DCAPP 2010
DATA CAPTURE, ARCHIVING
and
PLOTTER PROGRAM
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DCAPP 2010 is a program that incorporates all the features of DCAPP for Excel,
plus the additional features.
To install DCAPP 2010, insert CD. Install should AutoRun, if it doesnt then locate
CD-Start.exe on the CD and double click on it.
Click here to
install
DCAPP
Click on Install DCAPP button. The program will no install DCAPP. The other
buttons are self explanatory Note: contents of shipped CD may differ from the
above.
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Attenuation or
Conductance graph
Current graph
Point comments
added by user
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This window allows selection of COM port and auto search for MapPoint.
Selection of conductance or resistance defaults the graphs to show either type. It
is recommended that conductance is used, as areas of bad coating are displayed
as low resistance values that cannot be easily seen on the graph.
If a USB to RS232 converter is used, ensure that the COM port selected matches
the installed port.
If MapPoint1 is installed then checking Search for MapPoint check box will
correctly enable MapPoint for use with DCAPP.
MAP overview is a function that only works if MapPoint is installed. It allows
multiple surveys to be selected and overlaid on one map. This is useful to check
if the entire pipeline has been surveyed Note: this only works for GPS enabled
surveys. More on this subject later
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Tools / Configuration
Show Attenuation Graph
Show Conductance Graph
Show Pipeline Details
Display Table
8.2
This shows the pipeline layout scaled to a straight pipe. Click on survey point to
display point data in Point data window and to enter user comments for this point
in the Comments box. Current point is highlighted in red.
* MapPoint - Copyright Microsoft Corporation
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After download, switch off C-SCAN. All survey data downloaded will appear
graphically in the main window.
8.4
This shows the tabular data for a particular survey. Points may be disabled by
clearing the tick box. The data is then re-calculated and the graphs re-drawn
ignoring the disabled point.
For complex surveys, where the inter-point distances differ widely, the filter
button can be used. This disables points that lie between the intervals set this
can result in an easier to read graph. To re-enable the disabled points, click
Enable All.
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Use this form to enter pipeline details. Note data cannot be saved until (at
least) a Survey Reference is entered.
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The user can manually enter the various limits that are deemed out-of-bounds for
a particular survey. A separate text file is created of this report that may be
imported into other documents.
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