Analysis of T Formation With Man-In-Motion

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I'^.'STs'.wN W.A ^HIKOTOK COLLEGE OF EPlJCAaiOSl
ANALYSIS
OF
"T" FORMATION
WITH MAN-in-MOTION
Preliminary Formations
Triple Flanker and Flankers
-*-
Semi-Spread and Spreads
& J .
Triple Wing Back

Illustrated With Action Photographs
ALSO
Iv
-
SUGGESTED DEFENSES
-Pt
- .vy^-T
JOHN "OX" DaGROSA
LIBRARY
CQI-IKiiE
EU<iA.W>N
BlLLi^'aAM' WiÎflJ^GJOl* ^
Wth
Dedicated to
AMOS ALONZO STAGG, YALE 1888
Sportsman and Coach
Uf
Member,
rootboll
Rules CommiHee
A living symbol of all that is fine in American football. His record as a

great cooch and sportsman is known to everyone. His inventive genmt is
responsible for many of the outstanding features of the present game. He
is truly the father of modern American Football.
eopirlBht 18S ""< PuWI''< fr

BOB HALl. and JOHIS DnOROBA
1100 rwlttent Truit BuIWlnfl
f*hilai<MphlA> P*e
FOREWORD
Lt.i-irr:..
-and
o, war,.. ..V. .na......

so, too, have certain concepts o
oo
new, b.l their perfeOioe a.a
d ,he new ih.orie.
:; LrehXr,'hVre?S ,"h.'wor,a w.he ep .nd adopt the new techni,...Paath.,,w.r,a, . i e t P 4 0 t . w a e e w ^ ^

Co..e and Pr,e.io.a hat,,. ,roh..^^^^^
not new to the gome. T

,.
u-rk to football's earliest
higltly nee?",.!
eooo.r attae '^3 3
principlei were
day. for tortte of i" bo.io prthoplet.
1,, V,_Amo.
noeriihed oed developed by one o
Aloneo St.gg, who took the fend.ntento t "J 'h
1"^'^
University when he went to t e "'f"'

and is one of the most -"""ve coache of o
the record shows that he was
great American game and

gr.o
' ml in-motion and flanker
iS'a^rhrwol tie hi coach to pet hi. idea, on the sebiect into

practical use and application.
fnTL'rvXtd WaTeTcarp'roirYale "T" formation to a
zZh'triception. His T"

,n which the
;:;'::g-::re:ki:g hoifbock, the. pivoted .nd
and pretended to hand t
eUvouah center. The m a n -in-motion
gave the ball to the f""
Stagg's kicker would drop
was developed
back as if to punt an
^
o
in t h e l a n g u a g e of t h a t day, would "line

moving inwardly
would find clear sailing around the end.

Aionco S.agg worked
.ggd, fd and
the honker formotton
S=
maneuvers and he still no

,he gome hot ev.
--'tf hr^c
cooches that
Shaughnessy,
, '/"rabrrl"!
m
r
p
'
i
l
l
i
r
l
'
h thl-T" ond man.in.motion, wo. on aid to Stogg
tor many years. Shoughnessy, with the spring practice aid of Bernie Mastersan of the Chicago Bears, established the "T" with man-in-motion in
the space of one season and proved that the attack could be mastered by
a college team.
The impact of the "T" formation with man-in-motion and its system of
counter attack has not yet been fully felt. 1940 provided a preview in
the success which attended the operations of Stanford University and th6
Chicago Bears of the National Professional League, both of which teams
employed the attack.
The Chicago Bears have used the "T" and a man-in-motion for a good
many years, but it was 1940 that saw George Halas and Ralph Jones of
Lake Forest College streamline the attack and realize on its full possibilities
by introducing the counter attack and the many variations of the "T" and
man-in-motion. They embellished the attack with the all-important variations
in formation structure. Halas developed the counter attack and the many
refinements in the individual assignments of the players which added to the
deceptive features of the attack. Most of the analysis which follows is based
tipon a study of Bears' streamlined version of the "T" formation with the
all-important man-in-motion.
The defense is on the run. Now coaches will be burning the midnight
oil in efforts to fashion and construct defenses which con cope with this
newest of weapons in our annual autumn warfare.
That's been the story from football's earliest daysfirst the offense and
then the defense is in ascendency.
The following analysis is an effort to present the problems occasioned
by the developments of 1940 and to provide some insight on the mysteries
of football's newest offensive weapons and suggest some possible defensive
measures wit-h which to meet these new weapons.
We have only scratched the surface, but the American Football Coaches
are a resourceful lot and the scales will undoubtedly soon be again tipped
in favor of the defense.
INTRODUCTION
During the seasons of 1937, 1938 and 1939, American Football made
far-reaching advances with respect to the defensive phases of the game.
The defense was organized to "ploy the percentage," or in other words,
to take full advantage of each chapge in the tactical situation (the down,
yards to go, location of the teams on the field,-score, time left to play, and
other conditions) by constantly shifting and changing. Not only did the
five-man line defense (5-3-2-1) take its place with the other major defenses
(6-2-2-1), (7-1-2-1) and the minor defenses (6-3-2), (7-2-2), (8-2-1),
but additional defensive techniques were developed such as the defensive
huddle; sliding and looping lines; fade-outs, overshifts and undershifts,
subterfuging and varied defensive alignments, such as five-man line distribu
tion against weakness and six-man line distribution against strength. All of
these techniques ore based upon a cooperative organization of defensive
ploy. The result was a multiplicity of new problems facing the offense. The
offensive players were constantly looking for "the defensive man who wasn't
there," and blocking assignments were deranged. The coaching profession
is fully aware of the burden which was shifted over on the offense by these
defensive innovations.
The season of 1940, however, sow several major offensive weapons
employed which weighed the balance of the gome back in favor of the
attack. The more important features of the new offensive weapons may be
summarized as follows: Location of the offensive holes for attack through
the offensive line, and not through the defensive line; use of preliminary
formations with subsequent shifts, mon-in-motion; flankers or distractors;
double line splits; high offensive line; charging from unset line stance when
in preliminary formation; semi-spreads; more effective releasing of linemen
into the secondary. Speed and deception with split second timing were the
chief characteristics of the attacks which employed some or all of the
devices mentioned above.
The Model "T" formation with mon-in-motion, as used by the Chicago
Bears of the Notional Professional League and by Stanford University
(illustrated and diagrammed at P. 13, et seq.), offers an attack which taxes
the defense to such an extent that the balance of power is recaptured by
the offense. There is a continuing threat of a ploy into the line, while the.
mon-in-motion is a potential wingback or flanker. The attack is constantly
moving or flowing from one formation to another without the one second
s t o p t h a t i s n e c e s s a r y i n s h i f t i n g . M o s t i m p o r t a n t o f a l l , it p r o v i d e s t h e
offense with an effective counter attack (away from the man-in-motion).
Boston College used a preliminary "T" formation with the Quarterback
or Inside Blocking Back off-set from the center, either to the right or left.
Several successful plays were run from this preliminary formation with the
l i n e c h a r g i n g f r o m a n u n s e t s t a n c e ( s e e i l l u s t r a t i o n s I b e l o w a n d XXXI,
page 3 0 ) ; from the preliminary formation with the Q.B. in motion, the line
r e m a i n i n g i n i t s u n s e t p o s i t i o n . ( S e e I l l u s t r a t i o n II.)
'
Boston College also employed a triple flanker formation which was very
e f f e c t i v e ( s e e I l l u s t r a t i o n s XXXII a n d XXXIII, p a g e 3 2 ) .
Illustration I
I l l u s t r a t i o n II
Boston College vs. Tennessee
Sugar Bowl, 1941
Sugar Bowl, 1941
Boston College scored with this formation from

inside the 5-yard line. Ball on direct pass to Full
back who drove straight into line with off-set Quarter
back turning and faking as though taking bail from
Fullback. Line used high converging charge.
Bail went to O'Rourk, the Left Halfback. Manin-motion turned down the field for pass. Fullback
fakes getting ball. Ends cross, Left Halfback passes
to Right End.
Georgetown went to the Orange Bow' and featured a spread formation

(diagramed at P. 38) and the New York Giants of the National Profes
sional League used a semi-spread formation with a man-in-motion. (Illus
t r a t i o n s III a n d I V . )
Illustration
I l l u s t r a t i o n IV
New York Giants vs. Brooklyn

Dodgers
New York Giants vs. Brooklyn

Dodgers
Note spacing of offensive (QIants) linemen.Note backfleld alignment Is heavy to the short side
of the line.
Note wing back in motion toward stronger or heavy

side of line. Note back in motion may pass between
tail and fullback, or to the rear of tail back. (See
illustrations and diagrams on b^ge 36.)
All of these offensive formations found their strength in the tremendous

burden which was thrown upon the defense. 1940 saw the shifting of the
burden from the offense to the defense and 1941 will find the offense in
continued ascendency.
MODEL " T " FORMATION

WITH
MAN-ln-MOTiON
The "T" formation with man-inmotlon is not a complicated attack.
It is recognized that some coaches
hold contrary views on this subject
but the authors have made a pains
taking analysis of the attack in
question and believe that their con
clusions are based upon sound rea
soning. The formation does not
require superior material to make it
effective.
It is recognized that one specialist
is required but it is believed that a
normal squad will produce one or
more players who can meet the
qualifications for the all-important
position of Quarterback. This player
must be able to pass and he must be
a nifty ball handler, but he does not
have to be a blocker. The footwork
required of the Q.B. is not difficult;
in fact, ordinary spinner plays from
single and double wing bock forma
tions place a greater premium on
footwork than does the "T." The
Q.B. handles the ball on all plays
and makes a shallow delivery to the
other bocks.
The ball handling between the
Center and Q.B. has been aptly de
scribed as "an automatic and blind
exchange," and the Center is there
by relieved of the customary worry
about his passes. The Center can
keep his head up arid be used as
an effective blocker. The blocking
assignments of the linemen for the
most part call for face or brush
blocks (individual assignments)
which need not be held as long as

blocks in other styles of attack. The
ball carriers obtain a tremendous
advantage over the defense since
they can get under full steam with
the snap of the ball reaching the
holes at the instant their linemen
are initiating their blocks and be
fore the defense has been able to
get under way. This attack with its
constantly changing offensive for
mation structures makes the block
ing relatively easy because the de
fense must keep changing to meet
the variations from the original "T,"
and the defense must necessarily be
a fraction of a second late and out
of position.
Backfield play is easier and there
is a minimum of blocking required.
The backs must execute their fakes
well, and they must be fast off their
marks. The men in motion must dedevelop fast breaks and should be
good pass receivers. Points of attack
are definite with holes numbered
through the offensive line, and
blocking assignments are easily ad
justed to meet any defensive distri
bution. The blocking angles on the
secondary are nicely set up. The
defense is either frozen for that vital
second while trying to diagnose the
ploy, or else it tries to anticipate the
action, and one or more defensive
players are caught out of position.
Experience conclusively proves that
it is extremely difficult for the de
fense to follow the ball and yet
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTION
there is no delay on the part of the

offense in reaching its objective
point.
The "T" attack with its multiple
voriotions (sequencing formation
structure) is the answer to shifting
defenses. The changing formation
color (Basic "T" man-in-motion,
single wing, spread, etc. ( prevents
the defense from anticipating the
objective point of the attack to the
same degree that is possible against
set formations. The "T" attack
causes, as was shown by the expe
rience of the Chicago Bears, and by
Stanford University, a dissipation
of defensive strength and its ulti
mate disorganization. Stanjord was
faced with at least ten different de
fenses during the 1940 season.
A study of the individual reactions
of the defensive players through the
medium of the motion pictures sub
stantiates the statements made
herein.
Counter plays from the "T" attack
(often the play does not follow the
man-in-motion) provided the offense
with a potent weapon. Starting the
man-in-motion to one side would
distract the defense and cause at
least one defensive player to go
with him and thus be as effectively
removed from the play as if he were
blocked out. The actual objective
point can be to the side away from
the man-in-motion and the counter
attack has proved very effective. The
Q.B. has control over the timing and
a change in the count for the snap
of the ball increases the burden on
the defense. The "T" attack also
employs a changing line structure
(split ends, double splits, and flank
ing ends from both balanced and
unbalanced lines). A vast number
of plays are possible and can be
learned and mastered with a mini
mum of difficulty because the very
same plays can be run from appar

ently different formation structures
without a single change of substance
being made in offensive assignments.
The Q.B. is the only player who needs
to know the entire attack with its
sequencing formation structure. The
Q.B. takes his position directly be
hind the Center with his hands
between the Center's legs. He leans
forward with his chest over the
snapperback's hips and buttocks and
from this strategic position he sur
veys the defense during the signal
calling interlude.
At this writing, several major col
lege teams have, in spring practice,
been experimenting extensively for
the first time with the "T" attack, and
the coaching staffs of those teams
agree with the authors in the above
analysis of the basic advantages of
the "T," and the relative simplicity
of the attack once its fundamentals
are mastered.
SYSTEM OF CALLING SIGNALS
I. PLAYS ARE KEYED TO HOLES
AND BACKS.
V,
,0.00800,0
I ; jMi! f
0
Note: Holes are numbered through
the offensive line from 1 to 10.
Backs are numbered from 1 to 4.
R.H.B. through the 8 hole would
be 48. The first digit designates the
back (4) and the second digit the
hole (8).
L.H.B. off tackle to the right would
be play No. 29, meaning No. 2 back
through No. 9 hole. Thus the play
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-IVIOTION
No. (2) (9), e.g., first digit the back

and second digit the hole.
Any back can strike at any hole,
e.g.:
Ploys for Q.B.Nos. 10 to 19.
Plays for L.H.B.Nos. 20 to 29.
Plays for F.B.Nos. 30 to 39.
Plays for R.H.B.Nos. 40 to 49.
Forward Pass Numbers are 6070-80-90.
Passes from the Q.B. to man-inmotion are 60 to 69.
All other forward passes thrown
by Q.B. are 70 to 79.
Passes not thrown by Q.B. are
80 to 89, 90 to 99.
May have same forward pass to
right and left. Even numbers to the
right and odd numbers to the left.
Pass 61 (odd) would be a pass
from Q.B. to R.H.B. in motion to the
left. Pass 62 (even) would be a
pass from Q.B. to L.H.B. in motion
to the right.
Object is to throw passes to 3
receivers (2 ends and man-in-motion).
Note: The halfback, and In some
cases the fullback, who remain in to
protect the passer, often slide out on
a direct line and are always avail
able as receivers when the 2 ends
and man-in-motion are covered. This
provides the passer with a safety
valve who is always uncovered and
both Stanford and the Chicago Bears
took full advantage of this possi
bility. See Illustrations at page 22.
Punt, place kick or drop kick is
coiled in the huddle.
II. VARIATIONS ARE CALLED IN
THE HUDDLE BY SIMPLE DESCRIPTIVE
PHRASES.
Note: A great number of simple
variations can be called with mini
mum of burden on the offense and
a maximum of burden on defense.
(A-few suggestions follow.)
Q.B. may call Formation "T."

Q.B. may call Formation "T" with
L.H.B. in motion, either to left or
right.
R.H.B. in motion, either to left, or
right.
two men in motion to opposite sides.
right end out.
left end out.
both ends out.
<1 Q.B. may call Formation "T" with
left end outsetthen L.H.B. in
motion, either to right or left.
right end outsetthen R.H.B. in
iQ Q.B. may call Formation "T" with
left end outsetthen R.H.B. in
right end outsetthen L.H.B. in
both ends outsettwo men in
motion to opposite sides.
R.H.B. in motionset as wing back.
L.H.B. in motionset as wing back.
' right end outsetR.H.B. in mo
tion set as wing back.
Q.B. may call Formation "T"! with
left end outsetL.H.B. in motion
set as wing back.
right end outsetL.H.B. in motion
set as wing back behind tackle.
left end outsetR.H.B. in motion
set as wing back behind tackle.
both ends outsetL.H.B. in mo
tion set as wing back behind tackle.
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORIVIATION with MAN-in-MOTION

both ends outsetR.H.B. in mo
tion set as wing back behind tackle.
both ends outsetboth halfbacks
in motion set as wing backs behind
tackles.
both ends outsetL.H.B. in motion.
both ends outsetR.H.B. in motion.
Q.B. may call Formation "XR
(Designates double split line on
right side). (All above plays possible.)
Q.B. may call Formation "XL"
(Designates double split line on left
side). (All above plays possible.)^
/ 0 Q.B. may call Formation "ZR"
(Designates "T" with line unbal
anced to right).
Q.B. may call Formation "ZL"
(Designates "T" with line unbal
anced to left).
Q.B. may call Punt Formation.
Q . B . m a y c a l l P l a c e Kick F o r m a
tion.
Q . B . m a y c a l l D r o p Kick F o r m a
tion.
Ml. D E S I G N A T I N G
NUMBER.
THE SNAP
Note:
The snap number is based on the
c o u n t s y s t e m . If Q . B . d e s i g n a t e s t h e
5th number, then the ball is snapped
on the 5th count, thus: 1-2-3-4-5.
The Q.B. will always start with one
and count up to the snap number.
If n u m b e r i s 9 , h e w o u l d c o u n t
1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9.
Method of anticipating snap is
e m p l o y e d . If t h e n u m b e r i s 5 , t h e
ball is snapped by the center antici
pating the 5th number, thus: 1-2-3-4
pass 5. (Note: When the Q.Bryrants
the ball he can relieve the center
of any responsibility for anticipation

by touching the center in the crotch
with the back of his top hand.) The
line charges and backs start on the
anticipation, thus extra speed in the
start of each play.
The snap number is determined
b y t h e p l a y . If p l a y i s a s t r a i g h t
play into the line, the snap number
may be short; such as 3 (1-2-3) or
4 ( 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 ) o r 2 ( 1 - 2 ) . If p l a y
involves a man-in-motion, the count
would generally be longer; such as
9 (1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9), or 7 or 8,
according to play. The ball may be
thrown to the man-in-motion while
he is moving, in which case the count
c o u l d b e 5 o r 6 . If Q . B . w i s h e s t o
slow up the tempo of the game, he
can always extend the count.
T h e c o u n t s y s t e m m a k e s it e a s y
for the entire team to know when
t h e b a l l w i l l b e s n a p p e d . It b e c o m e s
a habit to count and helps the
whole team get off to a quick start.
I V . T H E HUDDLE
o
^
5 YDS
BALL
The play and the formation from

which it is to be run must necessarily
be called in a huddle. The Q.B. can
quickly describe or explain which
man or men are to go in motion and
whether or not an end is to move
out. The play and snap number are
given and the huddle breaks.
After the huddle the team goes
into a preliminary formation.
Q.B. will coll three blind or mean
ingless double digit numbers and
yell: Hike! Thus: (48-23-29-HIKEi)
The ANALYSIS of
10
Then the team will shift into the

basic "T" formation and from that
can move into its many variations.
After the shift, the Q.B. starts to
count.
Note: Complete play called.
1. Huddle.
2. Preliminary Formation.
3. Formation and Play.
Signals:
Q.B. Formation "T"
48 on 3
Hike!
Q.B.
27-38-40
Hike!
Q.B.
1-2-3 with ball snapped on
3 or in anticipation of 3.
Sample application of Play Des
ignation System.
Formation "T"L.H.B. in motion
to rightPlay 38 on 5.
E.G. from "T" formationL.H.B.
would go in motion to his right, on
the 5th number called (1-2-3-4-5).
Q.B. would give the ball to F.B. go
ing through the 8 hole.
Formation "T"R.H.B. in motion
to rightPlay 16 on 4.
E.G. from "T" formationRight
halfback would go to right, on the
4th number called Q.B. would try
to sneak through 6 hole or between
center and guard.
V. PRELIMINARY FORMATION
<2)
syos.
Reasons for preliminary formation:

Defense may not get set.
Adds color to the offense (good
psychology).
Line can shift into a balanced or
unbalanced line. (Chicago Bears
often do this. An important surprise
element in the attack.)
Can change complete color and
strength of offensive formation by
line and backs shifting in opposite
directions. (Burden on defense to
diagnose the strength of the forma
tion. )
Ends can shift out or flank, and
man-in-motion can get under way
immediately upon the completion of
the shift to the Model "T."
Note: Q.B. will call three blind
numbers (double digits) and then
the team will shift to the Model "T."
Vi. MODEL "T" FORMATION
R.H.B.
F.B;
L.H.B.
I
Q'B. . !
-'iOCXXOOi -v -c-o
R.H.B. 4 to 4'/2 yards, F.B. 41/2 to 5 yards,
L.H.B. 4 to 4 Vz yards.
Note: The CENTER takes a com

fortable stance over the ball with his
legs well spread and head up with
bull neck and split vision. Hands are
evenly spread around the boll. The
ball is passed to Q.B. on a blind
automatic exchange with the Center
anticipating the snap number. This
type of stance enables the Center
to be an effective blocker and in
creases his efficiency in releasing for
secondary. The Center may pass the
ball with one hand and have the
other arm (elbow) rest on his knee.
The ANALYSIS of
The TWO GUARDS and TACKLES

assume a tripod medium stance. They
can block from any angle or be
released for the secondary. Their
line play is individual blocking from
end to end. Each player is respon
sible for his hole and must keep
opponent out of the hole. They will
raise their charge to get effective
blocking results. Blocks that are
most effective are shoulder and re
verse blocks as well as face or brush
blocking.
The ENDS will split from one to
two yards or flank out wide. They
also assume a tripod stance and
block with the shoulder or reverse
block.
The HALFBACKS are 4 yards di
rectly back of the holes between the
tackles and ends. They assume a
semi-upright stahce with both feet
on same line. These backs are used
in motion as well as straight ahead
for direct attack, blocking ends on
passes and receiving passes. They
use a face or shoulder block with a
follow-up of the cross body when
protecting the passer. These backs
do very little blocking at the line of
scrimmage. (They don't have to
"move a man" as in other attacks.)
The FULLBACK is 4 Vi yards directly
behind the center in a semi-upright
stance with both feet on the same
line. His duties are to block the
ends on passes as well as runs. He
carries the ball on inside plays.
The Q.B. stands directly behind
the center. He can survey the de
fense at all times. His feet are on
a line or just a little behind each
( other, according to the type of play
^ ^ o be called. He has his chest over
the center's rump and the back of
one hand (right or left, according
to the direction he is to turn) against
the center's crotch, waiting for the
ball to be placed there on the antici
11
pated snap number. His other hand

comes up on the ball simultaneously
with the snap. (Thus a blind auto
matic exchange of the boll from
center to Q.B. is effected.)
Note: Qn the snap of the ball, the
halfbacks fake with their arms ancb^
shoulders, whether man is in motion !
or not. This adds color and deereption to the attack if carried out prop
erly. (See illustrations on page 25.)
Also L.H.B. in motion to his right al
ways steps forward with his left foot
and then comes across in motion.
Vice versa for R.H.B.
VII. FEATURED VARIATIONS OF
THE "T" FORMATION
1. Man-in-Motion (Right or Left).
o oobo O
Note: All the holes which can be
hit from the original "T" are still
threatened and can be hit by the
fullback and remaining halfback.
The defense must shift to meet the
man-in-motion; the end, the backerup or the halfback must cover and
take someone out of the set defense.
2. Two Men-in-Motion.
^ tn Motion
In fWo'Jfla
o ccSoo o
Note: The holes from tackle to

tackle can still be threatened and
hit by the fullback even with these
two men-in-motion. The defense
again must change and shift to mebt
the threats created by the men-inmotion. To meet the shift rule one
halfback must move out and set be- |
fore the other halfback may start in~~'--i_.
motion.
The ANALYSIS of
12
"T" FORIVIATION with MAN-in-IVIOTION

forced to change their pass defense.
(This variation was employed by
Stanford to score in the 1941 Rose
Bowl on a forward pass to the wing
back.) (See diagram, page 16.)
3. Ends Wide as Flankers.
O-
ccSco
6. Double Split Line, Mon-in-Motion.
O*"
Note: Almost all of the plays

which can be run from the original
"T" can still be called and the de
fense must shift again to meet a new
situation.
4. End Flanker with Man-in-Motion.
o ccScc c----
Note: Same plays as from the

original "T" can still be called and
the defense must shift again to meet
an entirely new situation. (This
variation was employed when the
Chicago Bears scored their first
touchdown against the Washington
Redskins in the National Professional
League play-off in December, 1940.)
5. Man-in-Motion to Single Wing
Back.
O CC&O O
Note: Same plays from "T" can

still be called from this sudden varia
tion which is in reality a single wing
back formation. The defense may be
Ooooo o
Note: Same plays from the orig

inal "T" can still be called. The de
fensive line to the left is taxed and
forced to shift out. This makes a
beautiful counter-play back through
the double split possible. The sec
ondary must also shift to meet manin-motion who is moving away from
the play.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Many other
variations can be called and can be
indicated by a simple phrase in the
huddle all without changing the
basic plays or blocking assignments.
IMPORTANT NOTE: If Q.B. sees
the defensive halfbacks move out
with men-in-motion, then he can
pass in area which is left open. If
backers-up follow men-in-motion,
then fast plays through the line are
good. If ends follow men-in-motion,
then quick off tackle and end run
plays should be called. The Q.B.
will call plays subject to the defen
sive changes. If the defense does
not change, then throw passes to
the men-in-motion and force the
defense to change.
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORIVIATION with MAN-in-iVlOTiON
yill. BASIC PLAYS FROM THE "T"

FORMATION
1. Straight Split Buck (Goes to
Right and Left).
Play Signal. Formation "T"Play
47 on 3 count.
Note: Q.B. gets ball from center
and makes a half turn to the left
pivoting on the right foot (back to
line of scrimmage), and gives the
ball to R.H.B. with his left hand (can
use both), then continues to drift
back to complete the fake.
The R.H.B. on the snap of the ball
takes a short step back with twist of
body and then drives for No. 8 hole.
The F.B. and L.H.B. both turn their
bodies to the right with left arm
over, dropping their left shoulder as
if in possession of the ball.
The line has individual blocking
assignment according to defensive
setupwith such method of block
ing you will get releasing of linemen
in secondary.
The objective of this play is speed
and deception based upon quick'
opening in the line.
See Illustrations V, VI, VII and
VIII.
Stanford scoring its first touch
down against Nebraska in the Rose
Bowl (1?41), Gallerneau, the right
Illustration V
13
The ANALYSIS of
14
halfback, went over standing up on

the play. Note Nebraska's five-man
line with two backers-up in the
tackle holes. The backers-up crashed
and the ends faded wide (Illustra
tion VI). Note that it was unnec
essary to block the end who was
always worried about his outside.
As an indication of how worried
the defensive end was about the
possibility that the Q.B. might keep
the ball and pass or run out wide,
s e e I l l u s t r a t i o n VIII, w h i c h s h o w s h i m
trailing the Q.B. and completely
ignoring the man with the ball, the
R.H.B., who is running just inside
the end.
Stanford ran the play against
Nebraska's defense as follows:
X
A
A

Play Signal. Formation "T"
L.H.B. i n m o t i o n t o r i g h t P l a y 4 7
on 4 or 5 count.
Note: This play strikes at same
hole with formation structure varied
from one above. The play and line
assignments are the same as in the
original "T."
The Q.B. gets the ball and with
same technique as in straight split
buck gives the ball to R.H.B. again
through No. 7 hole. The Q.B. should
f a k e e m p t y r i g h t h a n d t o F.B. g o i n g
o f f e n d . F.B. t a k e s a s h o r t s t e p t o
the right on the snap of the ball.
Note: R.H.B. does not take a step to
the side on this play but strikes fast.
Also notethe snap number is 5, this
time because the count of 5 will give
the man in motion time and distance
to draw defense out of position.
3. Split Buck Off Tackle with Man
in Motion (goes to Right or Left).
i
2. Split Buck Inside Tackle with
Man in Motion (Goes to Right and
Left).
Play Signal. Formation "T"r

L.H.B. i n m o t i o n P l a y 3 9 o n 4 o r
5 count.
Note: Execution of this play is the
same as the split buck inside tackle.
The Q.B. would give the empty left
h a n d t o R . H . B . a n d t h e b a l l t o F.B.
in the right hand, and continue bock
a s if t o p a s s . T h e c o u n t o r s n a p c a n
vary according to who covers manin-motion.
The ANALYSIS of
4. Fake Split Buck-End Run with

Man-in-Motion (to Right or Left).
P l a y S i g n a l . Formation "T"
L.H.B. in motionPloy 20 on 4 or
5 count.
15
6. End Run Counter from Man-inMotion (Goes to Right and Left).
R.H.B. in motionCounter play 20
on 5.
Note: Execution of this play is the

same as the split bucks, but strikes
around the end. Man in motion
should be set to receive the boll on
the run around the end. The Q.B.
makes the samejurn to the left with
a smooth, accurate pass to L.H.B.
in motion from a set position.
Note: Line assignments are sub

ject to defensive setup. Mon-in-motion is in opposite direction of ploy
(called counter attack). Q.B. throws
a two-handed pass to L.H.B. (under
hand). This counter attack is a major
development of the "T" formation
and was used extensively by Stan
ford and the Chicago Bears in 1940.
5. End Run with Man-in-Motion

(Goes to Right and Left).
7. End Run by Q.B. Man-in-Mo

tion (Goes to Right and Left).
L.H.B. in motionPlay 30 on 4 or
5 count.
Note: The Q.B. can give the F.B.
the ball with both hands (under
hand pass). Man-in-motion (L.H.B.)
will try to be closer to line of scrim
mage than before so he con better
execute a reverse block on the de
fensive end.
L.H.B. in motionPloy 10 on 5.
Note: No complicated assign
ments.
Note: The basic plays can be
called from various changes in for
mation structure. You will note later
herein a variety of featured changes
in this system all of which ore sim
ple and place little additional bur
den on the offense.
1
16
The ANALYSIS of
IX. FORWARD PASSES
1. Pass to End Up the Center (to

Left and Right End).
l::
- "
In

R.H.B. in motion to leftPass 75 on
7 or 8 count.
Note:
(a) Tackles always slide over to
block tackles.
(b) Three men are key receivers
(2 ends and a back).
A long count of 7 or 8 is used in
order to get the man-in-motion wide,
who causes the defense to go into a
box secondary or spread the defen
sive wing backs and make this center
pass a natural.
2. Man-in-Motion Up the Center
for a Pass (Goes to Right or Left).
"T" FORMATION with MAN-ln-MOTION

R.H.B. in motion to left to Single
WingPass 65 on 4.
Note: Man-in-motion has created
a single wing back formation set up
in a split second. Three men are
out to receive. This ploy defeated
Nebraska in the Rose Bowl. Illus
trations IX, X and XI show certain
important aspects of this play.
Note: This sudden change of for
mation structure may change the
entire pass defense of the oppo
nents.
Illustration IX
Stanford vs. U.C.L.A.
Man-in-motion set as wing back

against a six-man line. Note F.B.
and L.H.B. are initiating their fakes,
the snap number having already
been called.
Illustration X
Stanford vs. Nebraska
Man-in-motion set as wing back

to right has drawn the defensive end
out.
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATION with IVIAN-in-iVlOTION
Illustration XI
17
4. Take-Off Plays and Passes.

APass
Play noPass 71
Chicago Bears vs. Washington
Note the initial movement by the

F.B. (No. 9) as the Q.B. is turning
out to his leftthe F.B. swings his
body back to the right and comes
across to protect the passer.
3. Take Off From Pass 65 (Bears

have used this take-off to score).
BRun with Lateral

Play noPlay 33
5. Passes by halfbacks.
AEnd around direct pass. Play
No.Pass 80.
Note: Pass can be also thrown to
Right End.
The ANALYSIS of
18
"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTlON
BReverse Pass Q.B. to L.H.B. to

End. Play No.Pass 85.
lUlM
^ >
CEnd Run from Fake Buck.

C
6 . Special Type of Pass Possible.
\
G
DDelayed Naked Reverse.
^
p /
E 1T\
hoc!'-.
T/E-
X. FEATURED PLAYS NOTE

FORMATION STRUCTURE.
AEnd Reverse.
FCross-charging with Delayed

Buck.
The ANALYSIS of
GEnd FlankerMan in Motion.

Illustrations XII, XIII and XIV.
Note: Chicago Bears scored a T.D.
against the Washington Redskins
with this play.
19
with right hand to the L.H.B. The

arm of the R.H.B., who is in motion,
shows at left upper corner and foot
of F.B., who is moving to his left, is
along edge of illustration.
Illustration XIV
"in
Illustration XII
Chicago Bears vs. Washington Redskins
Q.B. giving boll to L.H.B. Note

the offensive left tackle putting quick
block on defensive right tackle. Note
no one need touch the defensive
end.
Note offensive left end is flanked

out so wide he is out of camera
range. R.H.B. is just about to go in
motion.
HDelayed Off Tackle Play

(Counter Play).
Note: Stanford scored against
Oregon State with this play.
Illustration XIII
I. Ends Spread Power Play.

Note: Bears scored with this.
Q.B. has turned out to his right

and is coming on around to give boll
'I f!IS BOOK BELONGS TO ITffi LIBRAKY

WASHINGTON COLLEGE OF EDUCmOR
BELUNGHAM, WASHINGTON
The ANALYSIS of
J. End Run by Q.B. Man-in-Motion.
"T" FORMATION with IWAN-in-iWOTION

Illustration XV
Note: Same formation structure

that scored In Rose Bowl on Pass.
KBears Flat
Men-in-Motion.
Pass from
Two
Stanford vs. U.C.L.A.
Ball just snapped. Note 6-2 de

fense.
LDelayed Buck.
MEnds Spread Wide Run.
Illustration XVI
N-^Delayed Buck Inside Guard

vs. 6-2-2-1.
See Illustrations XV to XVIII.
L.H.B. headed for lineF.B. and

R.H.B. making fakeoffensive right
tackle has pulled outQ.B. has
partially made his turnhe will fake
giving ball to L.H.B. with his empty
right hand.
The ANALYSIS of
Illustration XVII
XI. FEATURED PASSES

FORMATION STRUCTURE).
21
(NOTE
1. Buck Pass.
2. Q.B. Pass from Man-in-Motion.

F.B. has swung back and Q.B. is
giving ball to F.B.. Note Q.B. using
left handL.H.B. and R.H.B. follow
ing through on fakes. Note offen
sive right end headed for backerup. Note the reaction of the defen
sive left tackle; he is bothered' by
the offensive right tackle who does
not have to block him.
3. Pass to Man-in-Motion Up the
Side Line. (Hard Pass to Stop.)
Illustration XVIII
4. Pass to End Over Flat.

Offensive right tackle has passed
defensive left tackle^ up, and is tak
ing defensive end (he could take the
tackle if necessary). Q.B. has de
livered the ball and is fading back.
R.H.B. is keeping up his fake. The
defensive left tackle is trying to re
cover and reach F.B., who has the
ball, but he was too late and F.B.
goes through for a substantial gain.
The ANALYSIS of
22

Illustration XX
5. Quick Q.B. Pass.
Stanford R.H.B. in motion. Note

the outside bocker-up for Nebraska
on side to which man-in-motion is
going has loosened up to such an
extent he is out of the picture.
7. Delayed Flat Pass.

Illustrations XIX, XX, XXI.
Illustration XXI
N>
1
III
Illustration XIX

Rose Bowl, 1941
Stanford set in their "T."

Nebraska's defense.
Note
Man-in-motion can be seen in

lower left hand corner of illustra
tion. F.B. is eyeing the defensive
right end. L.H.B. has come out to
the flat where he takes the pass.
The offensive right guard is out of
line to take defensive .left end. Q.B.
has faded back with ball beyond
camera range. Both offensive ends
can be seen at left edge of illus
tration.
The ANALYSIS of
8. End Crossing from Mon-in-Motion.
23
R.H.B. a s man-in-motion is throw

ing hands up in air as a distractor.
Q.B. has turned out to his left and
is getting ready to hand ball to
L.H.B. O t f e n s i v e r i g h t e n d i s o n t h e
Nebraska left tackle and Stanford
right tackle is out on a cross check
on the Nebraska left end. Offensive
left guard is leading the play to
take the backer-up.
Stanford scored with this pass.

XII. BASIC COUNTER PLAYS
FROM MAN-IN-MOTION.
I l l u s t r a t i o n XXIII
1. Thrown to Man-in-Motion
Faking Counter from Man-in-Motion.
2. Inside Tackle
p^Man-in-Motion.
Counter
f -- -
{ifitiyos
I l l u s t r a t i o n XXH
From
Q.B. handing ball away with left
hand and keeping his back to the
defense (he could keep the ball and
trail to outside or drop back to pass
t o e n d s o r m a n - i n - m o t i o n ) . F.B. i s
leading R.H.B., who has ball. Of
fensive right tackle has engaged
the defensive end, need only put on
a brush or face block.
3. Indirect Buck with Fake Coun
ter from Man-in-Motion.
n Rk.lO'.b.T
Rose Bowl, 1941
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-iViOTION
4. Lateral Pass from Fake Coun

ter Play. (Executed Very Fast.)
3. End Run from two Men-in-Motion.
24
4. Reverse Man - in - Motion End

Run.
5. Off Tackle Counter with MouseTrap from' Man-in-Motion.
la SlolloA
XIII. COUNTER PLAYS FROM

TWO MEN-IN-MOTION.
XIV. END AND MAN-IN-MOTION

CHANGING COLOR AND STRENGTH
OF "T" FORMATION.
1. Counter Buck from Man-in-Mo
tion.
1. Indirect Buck Note: Possible

lateral to Men-in-Motion and For
ward Passes from Q.B.
^ " In
2 . Two Men-in-Motion Creating a

Double Wing Back Formation.
2. Direct Delayed Buck. Note:

Possible lateral to Men-in-Motion.
Note: Bears have used this play.
In P"-
The ANALYSIS of
3. Two Men-in-Motion Creating

Double Wing "C" Formation.
/?
25
Note: The tight five-man defense.

Note offensive left end does not
show in picturehe is out beyond
camera range as a flanker. Offensive
left tackle is split out Vi yard.
oJV-- - -o
Illustration XXV
V
4. End Flank Out with Two Menin-Motion to Create a Spread.
Note: BucksPassesRuns are
possible.
O- .'"-'"i'l'*. --0
<r"
n Motion
""
XV. END OUT AS FLANKER

COUNTER END RUN.
Note: Q.B. turns to his right. Note

initial movements of the two half
backs and fullback.
Illustration XXVI
This play run b'^ Chicago Bears

against Redskins, 5-3-2-1.
Illustration XXIV
Note: Offensive right end block

ing defensive left end who has been
sucked in by the fakes made in the
backfield. Offensive right tackle
going out around his own end. Of
fensive left guard (No. 21) coming
out.
26
The ANALYSIS of
Illustration XXVII
Illustration XXVIII
Note: Defensive left end (No. 28)

blocked in.
Play fully under way. Note Q.B.

drifting away, still a threat (he
could have the ball as far as defen
sive backs are concerned).
Note: Q.B. giving boll with left

hand with back to defense.
The ANALYSIS of
XVI. ADDITIONAL PLAYS FROM

"T" FORMATION.
(All the following ploys were
successfully used in 1940.)
27
q
^
^ In Mo'.lon
d^CXiOO
28
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATION
with MAN-in-MOTION
The ANALYSIS of
SYSTEM
EMPLOYED
29
The triple flanker played an im

portant part in the success of Boston
C o l l e g e . It w a s i n n o v a t e d b y F r a n k
Leahy, now head coach of Notre
Dame.
Note: The entire line employed a
tripod medium stance. (Rumps high.)
All the backs employed a semiupright stance (Hands on knees).
At times the line would hove a
curve to itmost of the linemen
were not up on the line.
BY
BOSTON
COLLEGE
I. FORMATIONS.
I l l u s t r a t i o n XXIX
A"T" Formation. (Q.B. off-set

to right or left of center; also em
ployed as a preliminary formation.
S e e I l l u s t r a t i o n s I a n d II o n p a g e 4 . )
000c>Oo
^
lo#i
~ ^
BSingle (Box) Wing Back For

mation (to right and left).
o oooo o
o o

Sugar Bowl, 1941
The three flanker backs are out to the right beyond
camera range. Note: The distrib\jtlon of the Ten
nessee defense is concentrated against the threat of
a line buck which is a relatively weak play from the
Triple Flanker Formation. Tbe defensive olstribution
should be much wider with more attention being given
to the flanker backs.
Illustration XXX
o
CTriple Flanker Formation.
OOOÔOO
IS To
^#51
/s-roxoxffs,
ooo
The thrge flanker backs are now in view. The ball

has just been thrown by the tail back to the outside
flanker back who stepped back to the rear of the
oth^r two flankers
when the ball was snapped from
the center to the tail back. The right end may be
seen heading out for the left defensive half back.
The ANALYSIS of
30
II. PLAYS FROM THE BOSTON

COLLEGE "T" FORMATION.
AWedge Center Buck,
"T" FORMATION
with MAN H'IT-MOTION
BFast Pass.
Note: Take off from the Wedge'
Center Buck.
Note:
Line would come up to the line
of scrimmage and assume a high
stance and never get set. They
would often never get up to the line
of scrimmage. They caught oppo
nents flat-footed many times.
This wedge play scored in the
Sugar Bowl; also against George
town, Temple and many others.
They seem to get a jump on the
boll, and opponents seemed to be
surprised.
CEnd Over PassQ.B. as De

coy.
Note:
Line was very high.
Protection of passer good.
wait and protect passer.
Illustration XXXI
Note: The Q.B. Is ofT-set to right of the center.

The Tennessee defense Is ready for a play but Boston
College still has a psychological advantage.
All
The ANALYSIS of "T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTION

DNaked Off Tackle Play.
Note; No linemen out. No leak
in the seams. No splits. Line blocks
and then picks up runner in sec
ondary.
EShift from "T" to Single Wing

with Tight Line.
Note: Passer stands up straight
with back toward line, and then
breaks fast to pass.
31
FDelayed Reverse from the "T."

Note: Effective against Temple
University.
GReverse Pass from "T."

Note: Effective against George
town. Good sideline play.
32
The ANALYSIS of
111. PLAYS FROM THE BOSTON

COLLEGE FLANKER (SINGLE AND
illustration XXXII
TRIPLE).
ALateral Forward
Single Flanker.
Pass
from
The tall back has thrown the ball out to the out
side flanker
who appears at the right edge of the
illustration.
Illustration XXXIll
BReverse from Triple Flanker

(Right and Left).
The outside flanker

has the ball and is being led
bv his two (2) companion flankers.
Note: The O""slve right end headed for the left defensive wing back.
This play went to the 3-yard line in the 1941 Sugar
Bowl.
DLateral Pass with Forward Pass.

CLateral Pass with Run to Out
side (Right and Left).
Note: Line remains high.
The ANALYSIS of
SYSTEM
EMPLOYED
33
DSemi-Spread
Motion.
O
BY
NEW YORK GIANTS
with
Man-in:
O O SCO O O
I l l u s t r a t i o n XXXIV
I. FORMATIONS..
ASingle Wing Back.
O oooo o
o
o
o
New York Giants vs Brooklyn Dodgers, 1940

Note: Spacing between left end, guard and center.
I l l u s t r a t i o n XXXV
BSemi-Spread for Passing and

Trap Plays.
CX3S
O
O
Note: Spacing between right end, outside tackle

and inside tackle.
I l l u s t r a t i o n XXXVI
CFlanker.
O OXOCX3 O
O
Same formation from dlfTerent angle.
34
The ANALYSIS of
Note: Coach Steve Owen of the

New York Giants is the creator of
most of the innovations which are
found in the Giants' attack.
"T" FORMATION with MAN-ln-IVIOTION

Illustration XXXIX
II. FEATURED MAN-IN-MOTION

FROM SEMI-SPREAD FORMATION.
AMan-in-Motion Between F.B.
and Tail Back.
1. Double Fake Spinner.
(F.B. keeps ball.)
The man-In-motlon is passing between the tall
back and the F.B. The blocking back and the guard
are leading the play. The F.B. keeps the ball on
full spin after faking to the man-fn-motion and the
tall back.
2. Mon-in-motion Off Tackle.

(Man-in-motion gets ball..)
3. Fake Indirect Buck.

(Tail back gets ball.)
Man-In-motlon has taken Initial step.
Illustration XXXVIll
Man-In-motlon will pass between tall back and F.B.
See Illustrations XL, XLI, XLII, XLIII

and XLIV which follow.
The ANALYSIS of
I l l u s t r a t i o n XL
Giants set before man-ln-motion starts.
i l l u s t r a t i o n XL!
I l l u s t r a t i o n XLII!
Tail back with ball headed for hole. F.B. keeping

left arm close as he would do if he had retained the
ball and only faked giving ball away with right hand.
I l l u s t r a t i o n XLIV
Man-ln-mction passing between tall back and F.B.

Inside blocking back leading play.
I l l u s t r a t i o n XLII
4. Tail Back to Long Side.

(Fade step.)
F.B. giving ball to tail back. Man-in-motlon con

tinuing out wide.
35
36
The ANALYSIS of

1. Off Tackle to Long Side.
illustration XLV
Note: Ploy is in some direction,

with man-in-motion.
Illustration XLVI
2. Straight Delayed Buck.
Note: Play strikes up the center.
BMan-in-motion
Back.
Around
Tail
3. Off Tackle to Short Side.
Illustration XLVII
Note: Man-in-motion is passing to rear of tail back

<a variation f.ôm preceding Illustrations of man-lnmotlon plays.
l<4ote: Play is in opposite direction

of man-in-motion.
The ANALYSIS of
DPasses from Semi-Spread For

mation.
1. Long Pass.
Illustration XLVIil
IVIan>]n-motion serves as a "distractor."

^counter play proved very effective.
This
CSemi-Spread Without Man-inMotion.

1. OfF Tackle to Short Side.
2. Short Pass to End Around.
2. Straight Buck.
oo
37
38
The ANALYSIS of
SYSTEM
EMPLOYED
BY
GEORGETOWN
UNIVERSITY
I. FORMATIONS.
"T" FORMATION wIth MAN-in-MOTION

Note: This spread formation is the
creation of Mike Palm, now backfield coach of the New York Giants,
and Jack Hagerty. Hagerty coached
Georgetown University through two
undefeated seasons, and completed
the lost season in the 1941 Orange
Bowl.
II. PLAYS FROM THE SPREAD

FORMATION.
ASweep to the right.
ASingle Wing Tandem

and Left).
(Right
O CDCSOOOO
O o
o
BShort Punt.
BSweep to the left.
O
OOfSOO
o
o
o
CSpread Formation.
o
9.
o/""
9,
s-ir
Note: Plays from this formation
are:
1. Bucks by F.B.
2. End runs to right and left.
3. Reverse play to right and left.
4. Passes.
5. Reverse passes.
CBuck Play.
O-t.
The ANALYSIS of
DSingle Reverse.
39
GFive Men Out Pass.
EDouble Reverse.
FRunning Pass.
III. PLAY FROM SINGLE WING

BACK.
Inside Reverse.
The ANALYSIS of
40
"T" FORWIATION with MAN-in-IVlQTIQN
TRIPLE WINGBACK
FORMATION
EMPLOYED
Illustration XLIX
BY
BROWN UNIVERSITY
Brown vs. Yale
I. TRIPLE-WING BACK FORMA

TION.
The triple - wing back formation
develops from a regular doublewing back formation either to the
Note: The three (Triple) wing backs are point

ing Inward. They are In a position to block effec
tively and also to start quickly on reverses. Conven
tional position of wing backs (pointing straight up
the field) would slow this attack up too much.
Note: The Triple-Wing Bock For

mation was created and developed
right or left.
Note: The shift is fast.
by Coach D. O. (Tuss) McLoughry,

now head coach of Dartmouth Col
lege. McLaughry employed the for
mation with success at Brown several
years ago.
After shift they look like this:

II. FEATURED PLAYS FROM THE
Q
''""o
oooxooo
Tail back assumes a crouch stance

with arms resting on knees.
All other backs assume a tri-pod
stance facing at an angle toward
the center.
The line assumes a tripod stance.
TRIPLE-WING BACK FORMATION.

ASingle Reverse Outside.
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATION with IVIAN-in-MOTION
BSingle Reverse inside

Side).
(Long
EWide Reverse to Long Side

la\era\.
CSingle Reverse Inside (Short

Side).
DDouble Reverse to Short Side.
41
FFake Reverse Buck.
GOff Tackle by the Tail Back.
>
*"
fV^DE W'Tt fASS .
42
The ANALYSIS of
FEATURED PLAYS
OF
1940 SEASON
ACornell Reverse.
BNotre Dame
Pass from Flanker.
Fake
DReverse End Run.
Reverse
ETennessee Off Tackle Drive.
CTennessee Reverse.
FBrooklyn End Run.
The ANALYSIS of
43
DEFENSE
AGAINST THE "T" FORMATION
WITH MAN-in-MOTION
HOW DEFENSE HAS BEEN
DETERMINED
After a complete study of the "T"
formation with man-in-motion, "we
have come to the following conclu
sions:
1. Speed and deception, with
men-in-motion, individual line block
ing and releasing of linemen in the
secondary for quick opening plays,
are the basic characteristics of the
attack.
2. You will note much strategy in
the offensive maneuvers such as:
(a) Shifting from a preliminary
formation into a model "T" forma
tion with a possibility of change in
formation structure such as: split
ends, double split between tackle
and end, balanced or unbalanced
line, etc. This may cause defensive
line and backers-up to over and
under shift.
(b) Indirect feeding of the ball
by Q.B. to give backs quick starts
into the line through a simple count
system for the snap of the ball. The
Q.B. always screens the play and
defense cannot follow the ball.
(c) Faking and twisting of the
backs on the snap of the ball has a
tendency to distract or draw the de
fensive linemen and backers-up out
of position.
(d) Man-in-motiqoends flank
ing out two men-in-motion at
different, times, etc., all maneuvers
that will cause the defense to shift
or slide out of position.
3. The colorful outside attack with

laterals and forwards to men-inmotion is only to distract and worry
the defense so the quick opening
attack will function better.
4. The man-in-motion is to cause
the defense to shift or slide to follow
him while the play strikes back in
the opposite direction of the man-inmotion, thus catchng the defense
completely off guard.
5. They will spread their ends
widethen put a man-in-motion
who sets and then start another manin-motion, and still have a fast de
ceptive, quick opening play remain
ing in the formaton that will strike
over center, guard, or off-tackle. All
these successive changes taking place
with the hope that the defensive
player or players will shift out of
position.
6. They are also in the hope that
these various changes in their offen
sive formation will cause radical
departure from ordinary defensive
assignments and break the spirit of
cooperation and unity that is so
essential in any defense.
NoteAfter a careful study of
these six conclusions, we must build
a defense based on the following
defensive axioms:
(a) "Don't do on the defense
what the offense wants you to do."
1. Don't try to follow the ball or
the faking backs.
2. Don't try to guess the snap
number.
The ANALYSIS of
3. Don't change or shift defen

sive linemen except against splits.
The "T" attack will put a manin-motion with possible lateral or

forward passes to man-in-motion.
44
4. Don't employ a complicated

pass defense. Use simple zone de
fense.
5 . Don't make radical changes in
your defense.
6. Play 5-3-2-1 or 5-4-2 defense.
7. Don't have too many defensive
assignments.
8. Don't let your players become
too defense-conscious.
(b) MEET STRENGTH WITH

STRENGTH.
1. The "T" attack is known to be
a blitz attack with its speed and de
ception, striking the line from end
to end.
This attack should be met with a
l i n e t h a t is g i v e n s i m p l e a s s i g n m e n t s ,
and is compact from end to end.
There should also be three backersup located from end to end to rein
force the line.
2. The "T" attack has individual
blocking in the line with effective re
leasing of linemen for the secondary.
Note: By decreasing the number
of players on the line of scrimrriage
and increasing the number of backers-up in the secondary, the effec
tiveness of releasing linemen is cut
down. Linemen and backers-up will
b e d i s t r i b u t e d s o t h a t it w i l l b e diffi
cult for the offense to release key
linemen.
Generally this maneuver is not

strong enough to justify moving our
line or backers-up out of position;
however, we will slide our defensive
wingjback out to guard against this
threat.
4. The "T" attack will flanker an
end out and put a man-in-motion to
the same side.
We will not shift our line but will
slide our secondary and outside
backer-up because two possible re
ceivers are flanked out together. Our
l i n e is still i n t a c t a n d w e w i l l still
have two backers-up to meet the
strong threat through the line. Not
until the second back or end leaves
the "T" formation to any one side
will a backer-up slide. By keeping
the major balance of our defensive
strength intact we will always be
prepared to meet the main strength
of the formation.
5. Many successive changes will
take place from the "T" attack which
are aimed at dissipating the de
fense.
Never shift or change the defen
sive line. Meet all plays at inception
from a line that is intact.
6. The "T" attack has so many
f o r m a t i o n v a r i a t i o n s w h i c h , if n o t
carefully analyzed, cause the de
fense to burden players with too
many assignments.
We shall meet this situation with
a simple defense having no compli
cated assignments or radical de
partures from sound defensive
t a c t i c s . It i s a d e f e n s e t h a t w i l l g i v e
the players confidence and unity of
play.
The ANALYSIS of
45
(5-3-2-1) Defense with Two Slide Rules

Our defense, after much study
and analysis, will be a 5-3-2-1
based upon two simple slide rules,
and a normal zone defense against
passes. Simple variations in the
basic defense will be shown in the
following diagrams:
1st SLIDE RULEThe first man to
go in motion or flank out will be
covered by the defensive wing back
to that side. The safety will natur
ally move over and up except when
both defensive wing backs are
drawn out.
2nd SLIDE RULESecond man to
go in motion or flank out to the same
side of the formation will be covered
by the outside backer-up. The cen
ter backer-up must slide over to rein
force the line to that side except
when both outside backer-ups are
drawn out.
REASONS FOR THE 5-3-2-1
1. The five men in the line can be
distributed so as to hinder and restrict the releasing linemen and still
meet all plays from end to end. The
ends can get into the bockfield faster
and deeper than from a six- or
seven-man line because generally
there are no wing bocks from the
formation. The assignments in a fiveman line are few and simple. The
center-guard in a five-man line plays
in front of the offensive center, and
that is important against the "T" for
mation because the offensive center
has his head up and is effective in
blocking and releasing.
2. With three backers-up we can
meet this fast opening attack at the
line of scrimmage as well as restrict
their key linemen releasing and indi
vidual blocking.
3. The five-man line and three
backers-up are a sure safety-valve

against any form of deception such
as fakes, fades, spins, crossing, de
laying, split line, etc., because the
defensive linemen will be following
simple rules such as strict territory
line play and the backers-up will be
given definite positions with instruc
tions as to the steps to take on the
snap of the ball.
4. The safety man can move over
and up when the defensive halfback
slides over to cover the man-inmotion and still not fear a quick kick
because such a kick would be dan
gerous to attempt from a "T" forma
tion.
Note: Other reasons for the 5-32-1 will be noted in the following
application of this defense against
the "T" formation.
APPLICATION OF THE DEFENSE
AGAINST THE "T" FORMATION
1. HAVE THE DEFENSE READY TO
SHIFT WITH THE PRELIMINARY FOR
MATION.
(g?
<2>
C?
<2?
<D<S>
T
C
//
Note: Ball cannot be passed until
the offense shifts (seven men must
be on line of scrimmage), therefore
the defense should hold their posi-
46
The ANALYSIS of
tions and be set for the shift that

must be executed by the offense.
Defense should be told and shown
the possibilities of this preliminary
formation and what the offense is
trying to accomplish. (Reasons for
this preliminary formation are given
on page 10. Defense should be set
and ready to charge immediately
after the shift with intent to carry
out their specific assignments. For
get the fakers.
Remember axiom"If a team shifts from a pre*

limlnary formation, the defeniîve line shifts with
the offensive line and the backers-up shift with the
offensive backs."
2. DEFENSE AGAINST POSSIBLE

FORMATIONS FOLLOWING THE
SHIFT.
"T"
Unbalanced Line
Single Wing
Unbalanced Line
o \
f
Note: Chicago Bears have tried
these variations as a surprise ele
ment in the past. The arrows show
the directions the backers-up step on
the start of each play if no one goes
in motion.
3. HOW TO LINE UP TO MEET
THE "T" FORMATION AND THE AS
SIGNMENTS OF THE DEFENSE.
o o o
<5^
o\
c-^
J
single Wing
Balanced Line
oo
//
y0^60^0^ c5\
C-*
"T"
Balanced Line
~F
4'
H
^ ire
Assignments; The center - guard

should place himself directly in front
of the offensive center in a low
crouch stance with arms extended,
always ready to forearm shiver the
center, the objective being to tax
the execution of the pass as much as
possible and to stop the offensive
center so that he cannot block or
release for the secondary. He should
be ready for Q.B. sneaks and blocks
from either offensive guard; always
cover his territory and not follow the
ball or try to cross the line of scrim-
The ANALYSIS of
mage. A low shoulder charge as a

variation will work well at times.
The tackles should locate them
selves off the outside shoulders of
the offensive tackles in a low tripod
stance. Always cover their territory
carefully and do not try to follow
the ball or the ball carrier. Use a
low hard set shoulder charge. As a
variation use the forearm shiver.
Aim your charge for the outside hip
of the offensive tackle and drive him
inthis will check his blocking as
well as break up any cross charging
by the offensive end and tackle. Do
not try to enter the backfieldcover
territory and tackle the first player.
The ends should locate themselves
just outside the offensive ends (if
they do not flank out more than two
yards) in a tripod stance with the
outside leg back so as to step across
the line fast, drive as far into the
backfield as possible in order to
tackle the first player in their path
toward the H.B. or to rush the passer.
(Drive across the line fast and hard
and tackle, with eyes open in a low
position). Look for a block or a
cross-charge from the insideif so,
tackle and drive the blocker back.
(You will soon see the offensive
end flank out wider to try to draw
the defensive end out of position or
the H.B. will try to block the end in).
Do not try to follow the ball or the
ball carrier and do not wait on the
line of scrimmage. That is what the
offense wants you to do.
Note: The five center men should
be taught strict territorial defense
from a low stance. Each man should
be taught his respective duties and
responsibilities as to his location in
relation to the formation.
The center backer-up plays two or
three yards from the line of scrim
mage, directly behind the center
guard, according to downs and
47
yards to go.' He must always take

a short step back every time the ball
is snapped back. This short step
back will check the center backerup from being fooled by deceptive
maneuvers. The center backer-up is
responsible for plays directed at
him. He is not to attempt to follow
the ball, but only to cover his terri
tory and tackle the first back enter
ing it. He should be blind to fakes
or any other form of deception be
cause he has, along with his fellow
players, a specific duty to perform.
He is not responsible for any partic
ular man on a pass, but if a pass is
executed he is to fade back and
protect the center zone. After a
play develops and he is positive of
the play, he should cov^r the inside
of his own two flanking backers-up;
thus he becomes a very effective
unit on every play, immediately
after it gets under way. The center
backer-up should be ready to slide
right or left if a second player
starts in motion. (Slide Rule 2) Our
backer-up is the sentinel for cut-back
plays on both sides. He should
always be on guard for released
linemen trying to cut him down and
to protect against this by stepping
back and over in the direction of
blocker.
Both outside backers-up should
locate themselves behind the defen
sive ends, about two or three yards
from the line of scrimmage, accord
ing to the down and yards to go.
Their first step is always to the out
side in a crouch-like stance. They
should hold their ground and never
step toward the center. They are
responsible for outside plays and
the territory outside the ends. Fur
thermore, they should never try to
figure a play or follow the ball, but
should hold their ground until they
are safe and sure. Always rem em-
The ANALYSIS of
48
ber to take short steps to the outside

every time the boll is snapped so as
to check being fooled by deceptive
maneuvers. The outside backers-up
are responsible for the zones on
passing in the direction in which
they take their initial step on the
snap of the bail. Be prepared to
apply Slide Rule 2.
Defensive wing backs are located
back about eight yards just outside
the two outside backers-up. They
cover zone on passes and move one
step to their outside on all plays. Be
prepared to apply Slide Rule 1.
The Safety plays from ten to
twelve yards directly behind the bail
and covers zone on passes.
4. IF ONE MAN GOES IN MO
TION.
Note: The entire line plays the

same.
The three backers-up play the
same.
If a man starts in motion to the
right as shown in diagram, then right
defensive H.B. slides over to cover.
(Slides toward line of scrimmage
and over to about five yards from
the line of scrimmage, as shown in
diagram.) If the ball is thrown to
the man-in-motion, he can either
run or pass; the defensive H.B.
is in a good position to meet either
ploy. If man-in-motion breaks up

the side line for pass, then he is
naturally your man because he is in
your zone. Now! If man-in-motion
starts back to the formation (as
shown by the lines in the diagram)
to block the defensive end or
backer-up, then the defensive H.B.
should move back with him, staying
at all times to his outside at least
two yards, in order to cover a play
to the outside. If man-in-motion re
turns to the formation and fakes a
block on the defensive end or the
backer-up and cuts fast up the cen
ter of the field as a pass receiver
(shown in diagram by a dotted
line), then the defensive H.B. should
drop back and cover the first man
to enter his zone.
When the man-in-motion starts,
the Safety knows the H.B. will slide
over to cover and he, too, should
slide over and up, to cover a larger
zone from a better position. The
Safety should keep an eye on the
end coming straight down the field.
If a man-in-motion starts back to the
formation, then the Safety should
slide bock again looking for a pos
sible forward pass in his zone to the
man-in-motion or to an End.
Note: The defense revolves sim
ilarly to the left when there is a man
in motion to the left.
5. IF TWO MEN GO IN MOTION
TO OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS.
H-'
The ANALYSIS of
Line and backers - up do not

change their assignments.
Note: Defensive halfbacks cover
the first man to their respective sides
and play the man in motion as ex
plained above. (Slide Rule 1) Both
outside backers-.up seeing this situa
tion should drop back a yard and
look for End. (A possible quick pass
to End from Q.B. is the only effective
pass possible.) The Safety should
be ready to come up and cover fast.
Note: A buck and a short pass is
all that could be effective from what
is left of the formation.
6. TWO MEN IN MOTION TO
THE SAME SIDE.
Q, ^ O ~
C-
"
7. MAN IN MOTION STOPPING

TO BECOME WINGBACK (Right and
Left).
a o
f ! C- O
/
8. IF THE DEFENSlVf ENDS FLANK

OUT WIDE.
Note: Second slide ruleThe out

side backer-up follows the second
man in motion. Defensive H.B. cov
ers the first man out. The line does
hot move and the Safety holds his
position.
Note: Again the formation is
weak except for a fast deceptive
buck into line and a fast short pass
to ends.
Note: The right defensive end

will be prepared for such a variation
and move out a little and play it as
a simple single wing back formation.
(This does not fundamentally change
the line, which remains intact). The
inside and outside backers-up to that
side would move over slightly and
play it as they would a single wing
back formation. The Safety should
look for this set-up every time a man
starts in motion, and keep an eye
on the man in motion who stops to
become a wing back.
49
//
. ri
Note: If Ends flank out wide, then

the Halfbacks slides out to cover.
(Slide Rule 1) The Safety should
move directly up about 10 yards.
Note: If man in motion starts out
to the same side as the flanking End,
then the outside backer-up follows
him out as the second man out.
(Slide Rule 2) (Note the dotted line
in diagram). The Center backer-up
will shift over. If another, man goes
in motion to the other side, then the
outside backer-up to that side would
follow (it would be second man out
to that side). Note the diagram
with heavy lines.)
The Center
backer-up would move back over the
center again.
The ANALYSIS of
50
"T" FORIVIATION with IVIAN-lii-IVIOTiON
9. IF END AND TACKLE DOUBLE

SPLIT IN THE OFFENSIVE LINE.
0
/
/
B
A. Looping Line (Right or Left).
o o o
O
Q
f
OtXCO
Q
F
Note: If second man in motion,
the outside bocker-up still covers
and the center guard should shift
fast.
B. Sliding (Right or Left).
Note: If the offense presents a
double split linethen the defensive
tackle should slide in front of the
offensive tackle and play him with a
straight forearm shiver charge and
cover his territory; also keep blocker
away from his body and try not to
go into bockfield. If offensive end
splits only a yard or two, then the
defensive end ploys to the offensive
end's outside and then drives across
as usual. If the offensive end goes
out further than two yards, then de
fensive end should ploy off the end's
inside shoulder and drive into the
bockfield. If the end moves far out
as a flanker with tackle splitthen
the defensive end comes back in and
plays the regular defensive end.
Note: Carry out same assignment

if a man goes in motion.
C. Subterfuging (5-man line goes
into 6-man line on the snap of the
boll).
10. SHIFTING AND SLIDING DE

FENSIVE LINE:
If personnel arid material good,
Looping, Sliding and Subterfuging
will work well.
Note: Do not use if two men go

in motion.
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATK)N with MAN-in-MOTION
ANALYSIS OF 5-4-2 DEFENSE VS.

"T" FORMATION WITH MAN-INMOTION.
Careful consideration has been
given to the 5-4-2 defense and
there is no question but that this
particular defense is effective against
the "T" Formation with man-inmotion.
In the absence of information as
to the personnel of both the offensive
and defensive teams any unquali
fied recommendation of one defense
over another is foolhardy to a very
great extent. Many of the college
coaches consulted both in the East
and the Mid-West were inclined to
favor the 5-4-2 defense; however,
those coaches who worked with a
"T" formation during the winter
months were ready to champion the
5-3-2-1 defense after experimenting
with both alignments. At this writ
ing it is, of course, too early to give
the results of the findings of the
spring practice sessions. However,
the teams in the South and South
west have, in their spring practice
sessions, found that the 5-3-2-1 pro
vides a defense which is sufficiently
flexible to meet the many variations
of the attack and at the same time
it is relatively simple. The 5-3-2-1
can cope with most of the heavy
weapons of the "T." The most vul
nerable points, figured on a per
centage basis, are covered and the
exposuries are where the "T" should
do the least damage.
The 5-4-2 defense does provide
a quick and relatively simple cover
age of the man or men-in-motion
with a minimum of burden on and
confusion of the defense, but on the
other hand it is vulnerable to certain
passes which, if completed, spell
immediate disaster. In this connec
tion it might be noted that the
Chicago Bears in 1940 with Sid
51
Luckman, their Q.B., passing, com

pleted 48 out of 105 forward passes
for an average gain of 19 yards.
The possibilities of a passing at
tack from the "T" cannot be over
looked, even thou,gh the analysis
shows that its basic strength lies in
its overland attack. It's an old
axiom that the one supplements the
other. Neither the 5-4-2 nor the
5-3.-2-1 generate enough pressure
on the passer, and that being so
there are good reasons for holding
the 5-3-2-1 defense in fairly high
favor as against a 5-4-2 defense
always granted, of course, that per
sonnel of both teams, the score, time
remaining, down and distance, etc.,
must be considered, all of which
factors may indicate one or the other
defense as being the best bet per
centage-wise, under the given sit
uation.
The following 5-4-2 defense is
suggested as being a sound and
effective supplement to the 5-3-2-1
defense against the "T" Formation
with man-in-motion.
o o
.<1
b
f-/*yit.
\yOS.
*-s
Slide Rule 1The first man-inmotion is covered by the outside
bocker-up and the other backers-up
slide to reenforce the line.
Slide Rule 2If the offensive ends
move out as flankers, they are cov
ered by the defensive halfbacks.
Forward passes should be covered
by playing a zone defense.
The ANALYSIS of
52
"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTlON
Defense Against The Boston College Triple

Flanker, Box and "T" Formations
Note: This type of Triple Flanker
was originated by Coach Frank
Leahy, of Boston College, now head
coach of Notre Dame.
' 1. After the huddle B.C. always
moved into the "T" formation as a
live preliminary formation.
See Illustrations and Diagrams on
Pages 4 and 29.
o
S T
(Cover territory and play zone

defense against passes.)
3. Boston College Triple Flanker
Formation.
//
Note: The defense against this

formation is the same as against
the "T" formation as employed by
Stanford and the Chicago Bears. If
anyone starts in rnotion, slide the
halfback out to cover as in Slide
Rule 1.
2. Boston will often shift from the
"T" into a box single wing (Right
or Left).
O
Note: Have the defensive line shift

with the offensive line and the de
fensive backs shift with the offen
sive backs. If a man goes in motion,
slide defensive halfback. Have the
same execution of assignments as
explained against the "T" formation.
OCECXD
f.
r E
T I
-/
F
.-'I
c /. f
-
jr
Note: The defense shifts to the

right'if the offense shifts to that side.
(Same assignments are carried out.)
The right defensive end locates
himself outside the end about a
yard, in a low tripod stance', with
outside leg back so as to square
himself up on the first step across
the line of scrimmage. If a play
comes around him, he tackles the
interference and tries to strip the
play ds much as possible. Try to
make the tackle if the tail back tries
to buck the line. Keep rushing the
passer.
The right defensive tackle plays
high, directly in front of the offensive
The ANALYSIS of
end, using a forearm shiver charge.

The object of this is to keep the end
on the line of scrimmage, and still
be in a good position to meet a run
or a buck.
The Right Guard locates himself
directly in front of the end as the
right tackle did on the other end.
The other guard plays his position
in the same way as a defensive end
would (like the other defensive
end). Be on the lookout for a
flanker man coming back to the for
mation. If so, shift in a manner to
put the outside leg back and assume
a low position ready to bring the
left leg up to meet the flanker if he
tries to block you or attempts to
hamstring you frorn the side or rear.
53
The SafetyCover zone and look

for the end straight down the field.
The L.H.B.Cover zone against
passes and look for one of the three
backs coming in your zone.
4. IF BOSTON COLLEGE IS IN
^ HIGH LINE STANCE.
The Left End and Tackle both rush

in hard and fast for any possible
forward pass or run by one of the
backs who may receive a lateral
pass from the tail back. Meet all
plays at their inception. Use your
hands often dnd be in a position to
make a tackle.
The F.B. plays between the forma
tion- and the flanker so as to meet
plays from both sides and to cover
zone on passes.
The Center plays back about four
yards from the line of scrimmage
and is always on the alert for a buck
up through center. On passes, fade
back and cover zone. If the tail
back throws a pass to flanker, then
cover the toil back if he breaks to
ward your side or up the middle.
The R.H.B. covers the zone against
passes. Look for the offensive end
crossing over. If he does cross over,
drop back and cover your zone.
Note: Defensive line must be

ready to meet this type of line and
should be ready to charge from a
low line stance. The type of charge
should be a low forearm shiver
charge with plenty of strength and
power.
54
The ANALYSIS of
Defense for Georgetown Spread Formation

Note: This spread formation
helped Georgetown to carry on as
an undefeated team for almost three
years in a row (lost only one game).
:z o /it
J
The left guard should play in front

of the linemen (as in diagram) in a
low stance, and drive a forearm
shiver charge to the opponent and
look for buckif buck does not ma
terialize, then slide to the right or
left to meet the ploy or the pass.
The right guard should ploy off
the offensive tackles inside shoulder,
and drive in to meet the buck, run
or rush the passer.
The right tackle should play to

the outside of the offensive tackle
and charge as a defensive end.
The left tackle should place him
self inside the offensive tackle's
shoulder and drive into backfield to
meet run, buck or pass.
The end should drop back about
three yards and cover his zone with
an eye on the bock as a possible
receiver in his territory.
The F.B. and the center cover
their respective zones and should
tackle the first man to appear in line
with the ball. If the offensive full
back goes to the left the F.B. will
cover him; if the offensive fullback
goes to the right, then the center will
cover him.
The defensive halfbacks both play
in front of the offensive ends and
play the zone against passes; if not
a pass, they come up fast to meet
the play.
The safety plays the ball he
should be ready to cover in cose of
a run.
The ANALYSIS of
"T" FORMATION with MAN-ln-IWOTION
55
Defense Against New York Giants Semi-Spread

with Man-in-Motion
he does not cross the line of scrim
mage.
Wt
*N
I ? V
ff
, ÔyvS
!
\ ' s
'
Note: The entire line plays terri

tory.
The backs play zone for passes.
The left end plays close to the
offensive end and drives across fast
and tackles everything in front of
him.
The left tackle plays in front of
the offensive tackle and uses a fore
arm shiver charge, the objective
being to meet the play on either side
and check the tackle on line of
scrimmage.
The left guard assumes a tripod
stance in front of the offensive guard
and uses a set shoulder charge, at
times varying this charge with a
forearm shiver. Do not try to cross
line of scrimmage.
The right guard assumes a low
stance and applies a forearm shiver
charge to the offensive guard and
is in a position to fight off either the
center, back or end. He does not
follow the ball; holding his ground.
The right tackle should locate

himself in front of the offensive end,
and charge the end with a set
shoulder charge or forearm shiver
charge. He should cover his terri
tory all the times. If man goes in
motion, he should shift a little to
ward the center and drive in.
The right end should locate him-'
self just outside the wing back; if the
wing back does not go in motion,
then he should charge through the
H.B. and cover his territory. If wing
back goes in motion, then he should
drive over the territory the wing
back has vacated and tackle the
first man to appear in his path.
Fullback and center both should
cover their territories and not try to
follow the ball. They should play
behind or just a little inside the de
fensive lineman (see diagram).
The defensive wing backs play
back about 8 yards and should
cover their territories. The right de
fensive halfback should keep an
eye on the wing back as a possible
receiver in his zone. If he (wing
back) goes in motion, then look for
the end or another back out into the
flat. The left defensive' halfback
should cover his zone and keep an,
eye on the end as a possible re
ceiver.
The Safety should play back about'
12 yards and keep an eye on the
ball and cover the first man deep up
the center.
56
The ANALYSIS of
Defense Against Brown's Triple Wing

Back Formation
1. Brown shifts from Double Wing
to Triple Wing Formation.
Before S h i f t
P
o*
After S h i r t
he is out over 2 yards from the reg

ular wing back, then the defensive
end should ploy close and crash
over the regular wing back." If triple
wing is not out over 2 yards from
the regular wing back, then the.defensive end should shift out on'd
play off the inside to cover his terri-'
tory. The rest of the line plays ter
ritory and the pass defense will be
zone. Safety should keep on eye
on the wing backs.
(5-3-2-1)
O
o
cooxcoo
Note: They will shift to right and
left formation.
2. Meet Triple Wing Formation

(whether right or left) with a 5-32-1 or 6-2-2-1 defense.
q
H
(6-2-2-1)
c-^
/f
Note: The left defensive end plays
his position according to the dis
tance the triple wing is split out. If
Note: This is the some type of

line play as was recommended
against the Model "T" Formation
with the exception of the left end.
If the triple wing out is not over 2
yards outside the wing back, then
the defensive end should ploy off
the triple wing and drive in fast; this
will protect the defensive end from
being taken in by the triple wing
back, if the triple wing is out over
2 yards, then play close and crash
over the wing.
THE AUTHORS
BOB
HALL,
Ph.B., LLB.
T*) UnKanltr. 19S0
Head Coach, Cheshire Academy, 1930, '31, '32

BackBeld Coach, Yale Freshmen, 1930, 1932
Backfteid Coach, Yale University, 1931
Football Radio Commentator, Analyst and Scout, 1933-1941
Bb Holl ownt the notion't largest Individual
footbotl studies covering every mojor teom in
authored mogoxine and nevrspoper orticlei on
effort, "Cornell Goes to the Movies," oppeored
issue of the Soturdoy Evening Post.
collection of slow motion

the country. He hos olio
football. His most recent
in the October 2d, 1940,
JOHN DaGROSA, B.S., LLB.

Oeleeu Untvarsity, ISM
Line Coach, Georgetown University, 1926-30

Line Coach, Temple University, 1930-33
Field Coach, Philadelphia National League Professional Team, 19
President, American Football Institute
AUTHOR OF
."The Progress of American Football"
"A Camplete Bibliogrophy of Football"
"Functional FootboH"
"Monuol for Functional Football"
"Five-Mon line Defense"
"How to Meet the Five-Mon line, Stilfting ond Changing Defense"
"Orgonizotion and Practice"

Analysis of T Formation With Man-In-Motion

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Analysis of T Formation With Man-In-Motion

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I

; TOTS BOOK TO TOK

Semi-Spread and Spreads

Triple Wing Back

A living symbol of all that is fine in American football. His record as a

eopirlBht 18S ""< PuWI''< fr

o, war,.. ..V. .na......

new, b.l their perfeOioe a.a

d ,he new ih.orie.

:; LrehXr,'hVre?S ,"h.'wor,a w.he ep .nd adopt the new techni,...Paath.,,w.r,a, . i e t P 4 0 t . w a e e w ^ ^

not new to the gome. T

University when he went to t e "'f"'

great American game and

iS'a^rhrwol tie hi coach to pet hi. idea, on the sebiect into

zZh'triception. His T"

in t h e l a n g u a g e of t h a t day, would "line

would find clear sailing around the end.

maneuvers and he still no

Boston College vs. Tennessee

Boston College vs. Tennessee

Sugar Bowl, 1941

Sugar Bowl, 1941

Boston College scored with this formation from

Georgetown went to the Orange Bow' and featured a spread formation

New York Giants vs. Brooklyn

New York Giants vs. Brooklyn

Note wing back in motion toward stronger or heavy

All of these offensive formations found their strength in the tremendous

MODEL " T " FORMATION

which need not be held as long as

"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTION

there is no delay on the part of the

same plays can be run from appar

"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-IVIOTION

No. (2) (9), e.g., first digit the back

Q.B. may call Formation "T."

"T" FORIVIATION with MAN-in-MOTION

Q.B. may call Formation "T" with

of any responsibility for anticipation

The play and the formation from

Then the team will shift into the

Reasons for preliminary formation:

"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTION

Note: The CENTER takes a com

"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTION

The TWO GUARDS and TACKLES

pated snap number. His other hand

Note: The holes from tackle to

"T" FORIVIATION with MAN-in-IVIOTION

3. Ends Wide as Flankers.

6. Double Split Line, Mon-in-Motion.

Note: Almost all of the plays

Note: Same plays as from the

Note: Same plays from "T" can

Note: Same plays from the orig

"T" FORIVIATION with MAN-in-iVlOTiON

yill. BASIC PLAYS FROM THE "T"

Play Signal. Formation "T"Play

halfback, went over standing up on

"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTION

Play Signal. Formation "T"r

"T" FORMATION with MAN-in-MOTION

4. Fake Split Buck-End Run with

6. End Run Counter from Man-inMotion (Goes to Right and Left).