INDONESIA SOCIAL

PROTECTION SYSTEM
Endah S.

CONDITION
Population = 237,641,326 (2010)
Population growth rate = 1.06% (est. 2011)
65 years
6%

Age Structure
0-14 years
27%
15-64
years
67%

Life expectancy = 71.33 years

Male = 68.8 years
Female = 73.99 years

CONDITION
GDP = $706,752 million
GDP per capita = $2,974

Poverty rate = 13.33% (BPS)

Income Distribution
low
19%

high
30%

middle
51%

Poverty line = Rp. 211,726/month

Urban : 35.77%
Rural : 64.23%

Indonesia Income Class (World Bank)

HISTORY
1971
Social insurance for armed forces and
armys civil servants
1981
Pension and health insurance for civil
servants, governments pensioners and
veterans
1992
Pension, workplace accidents and
health insurance for private employees
2004
National wide social protection
system

SYSTEM & ORGANIZATION

PRIVATE
INITIATIVES

PRIVATE
INSURANCE
INCOME
SUPPORT

SOCIAL
PROTECTION

SOCIAL
ASSISTENCE
SOCIAL
SERVICE

PUBLIC
INTERVENTION
SOCIAL
SECURITY

INCOME SUPPORTS PROGRAMS

1. Social Welfare Program (Bantuan Kesejahteraan Sosial
Permanen)
Targeted group:
 neglected elderly
 neglected children
 poor disabled persons
 victim of natural/social disaster (temporary scheme)

2. Cash Transfer (Bantuan Langsung Tunai)

 Unconditional cash transfer (2005-2006)
 Conditional cash transfer (since 2007)
For investment in human capital
Targeted groups: very poor households with children between 0 and
15 years old and/or a pregnant mother at the time of registration
Program benefit: up to 6 years

SOCIAL SERVICES PROGRAMS

1. Healthcare for the Poor (Jamkesmas)
 Targeted groups: poor and near poor persons
 Benefits: free-of-charge primary healthcare services
including maternity at public health center
(PUSKESMAS) and inpatient treatment in third-class
public hospital wards

2. Maternity Benefit for the Uninsured Persons

(Jaminan Persalinan)
 Targeted groups: pregnant women who are not
covered by any maternity scheme

SOCIAL SERVICES PROGRAMS

3. School Aid Program
 Operational aid to primary and secondary schools
(BOS)
 Scholarships for senior secondary students

4. Social Welfare Insurance Program (Asuransi

Kesejahteraan Social)
 Targeted groups: poor and near poor persons who
work in informal sector
 Benefits: limited healthcare and death benefits for
maximum 3 years of membership

SOCIAL SECURITY
 Contributory social insurance and mandatory saving that cover civil servants, armed forces
personnel, police personnel and formal sector employees
 Benefits:
 Healthcare and maternity
 Old-age benefits
 Death benefits
 Workplace accident benefits
 Pension
 The institutions that run social security schemes:
1. PT ASABRI
a State-owned enterprise that runs old-age benefits (saving scheme and pension)
for armed forces, police personnel and civil servants employed in Military and Police Offices
2. PT TASPEN
a State-owned enterprise that runs old-age benefits (saving scheme and pension)
for civil servants
3. PT JAMSOSTEK
a State-owned enterprise or Persero that runs old-age benefits (provident
funds), death benefits, healthcare and maternity benefits, and workplace accident benefits for
private employees and voluntary schemes for informal sector employees
4. PT ASKES
a State-owned enterprise that runs healthcare and maternity benefits for civil
servants, government pensioners, military and police pensioners, and veterans

PROBLEMS
Unreliable data
Limited budget
Social protections system and organization
are still under development