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The USIM maintains a list of allowed PLMN types. During PLMN selection and
reselection, based on the list of allowed PLMN types and a list of PLMN identities in
priority order, the particular PLMN may be selected either automatically or manually.
The UE will select a PLMN when it registers at power-on or re-registers after leaving
connected mode. In addition, the UE can make periodic PLMN selection.
information. The allowed PLMN information in USIM determines which PLMN will be
selected finally.
Whenever a UE is switched on or re-registers after leaving connected mode, it
attempts to camp on the last registered PLMN. If there is no registered PLMN stored in
the USIM, the UE selects and attempts registration on other PLMNs using either the
automatic mode or the manual mode.
Once the UE has selected a PLMN, the cell selection procedure will be
performed in order to select a suitable cell of that PLMN to camp on.
The UE displays all PLMNs that it finds by scanning all frequency carriers. The
UE displays those PLMNs that are allowed as well as those that are not allowed. The
user makes a manual selection, according to the available access technology for the
chosen PLMN, and the UE attempts registration on this PLMN.
If the user selects an available PLMN in the forbidden PLMN list, the UE attempts
to register and may receive a positive acknowledgement from the CN. In this case, the
PLMN is removed from the forbidden list.
Roaming
For normal service, the UE has to camp on a suitable cell, tune to that cell's
control channel(s) so that the UE can:
Receive system information from the PLMN;
Receive registration area information from the PLMN, e.g., location area
and routing area; and
Identify to which service area as specified by NAS that the serving cell
belongs.
Receive other AS and NAS Information;
Initiate call setup for outgoing calls or other actions from the UE.
Pcompensationmax(UE_TXPWR_MAX_RACHP_MAX0)
Select and monitor the indicated PICH and PCH of the cell according to
information sent in system information.
Monitor relevant system information.
The new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval
Treselection according to the R criteria.
More than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving
cell.
If the LAI or RAI read from system information are different from those stored in
USIM before the UE switches off, the UE will perform LA or RA update.
LA and RA Structure
The LA is an area to which the CN sends a paging message for circuit switched service
and the RA is an area to which the CN sends a paging message for packet switched
services. Each area, LA or RA, may consist of several cells of one or more RNC, which
are connected to the same core network. Each cell could belong to only one LA and one
RA.
IMSI Attach/Detach
The UE sends an attach or detach message when it is powered on or off indicating
whether the UE is active or inactive. The CN avoids performing paging attempts when
IMSI detach is applied and the UE is switched off. When the UE is switched on, the UE
performs a location registration request, indicating IMSI attach, if it is in the same LA or
RA in which it was switched off. If the registration area is changed, a normal LA update
is performed by the UE.
If the new cell that the UE camps on is not in the same URA area as the former
cell that the UE camps on, the URA Update is triggered.
The UE enters a cell that has no URAs defined. This will trigger a release of the
RRC Connection and the UE enters Idle mode.