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2.
Answer:
c) must not be accelerating
3. Which of the following condition is possible according to the Newton's first law?
A) An object moves at constant velocity under the action of a single force.
B) Two forces act on a body and the body moves at a constant velocity in a
straight line.
C) A car drives along a straight road at constant velocity under a net force.
D) An object accelerates without exerting forces on any other bodies.
Answer:
B) Two forces act on a body and the body moves at a constant velocity in a straight line.
2. A 10 kg body has an acceleration of 2 m/s2. Find the net force acting on the body.
F = ma
F = 10 kg. x 2 m/s2
F = 20 N
3. An empty truck with a mass of 2500 kg has an engine that will accelerate at a
rate of 1.5 m/s2. What will be the acceleration when the truck has an additional
load of 1500 kg.?
F = ma
a = F/m
4. A box resting on a table has a mass of 5.0 kg. What will be its acceleration when
an unbalanced horizontal force of 40 Newtons acts on it?
F = ma
a = 40 N / 5 kg.
a = F/m
a = 8 m/s2
5. Sophia, whose mass is 52 kg, experienced a net force of 1800 N at the bottom of
a roller coaster loop during her school's physics field trip to the local amusement
park. Determine Sophia's acceleration at this location.
F = ma
a = 1800 N / 52 kg.
a = F/m
a = 34.62 m/s2
3. Many people are familiar with the fact that a rifle recoils when fired. This recoil is
the result of action-reaction force pairs. A gunpowder explosion creates hot
gases that expand outward allowing the rifle to push forward on the bullet.
Consistent with Newton's third law of motion, the bullet pushes backwards upon
the rifle. The acceleration of the recoiling rifle is ...
a. greater than the acceleration of the bullet.
b. smaller than the acceleration of the bullet.
c. the same size as the acceleration of the bullet.
Answer:
b. smaller than the acceleration of the bullet.
The force on the rifle equals the force on the bullet. Yet, acceleration depends on both
force and mass. The bullet has a greater acceleration due to the fact that it has a
smaller mass. Remember: acceleration and mass are inversely proportional.
4. Kent is pulling upon a rope that is attached to a wall then, Kent pulls upon
another rope that is attached to an elephant. In each case, the force scale reads
500 Newton. Kent is pulling ...
a. with more force when the rope is attached to the wall.
b. with more force when the rope is attached to the elephant.
c. the same force in each case.
Answer:
c. the same force in each case.
Kent is pulling with 500 N of force in each case. The rope transmits the force from Kent
to the wall (or to the elephant) and vice versa. Since the force of Kent pulling on the wall
and the wall pulling on Kent are action-reaction force pairs, they must have equal
magnitudes. Inanimate objects such as walls can push and pull.
5. Which of the following shows Newton's third law?
A) A magician pulls a tablecloth out from under dishes and glasses on a table
without disturbing them.
B) A persons body is thrown outward as a car rounds a curve on a highway.
C) A student leaves a pencil on a desk and the pencil stays in the same spot until
another student picks it up.
D) Rockets are launched into space using jet propulsion where exhaust
accelerates out from the rocket and the rocket accelerates in an opposite
direction.
Answer:
D) Rockets are launched into space using jet propulsion where exhaust accelerates out
from the rocket and the rocket accelerates in an opposite direction.