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#1 Organization
Life is organized on many structural levels
Atoms
Protons
Neutrons
Neutral charge
Located in the nucleus
Electrons
Positive charge
Located in the nucleus
Negative charge
Locates in orbits around the nucleus
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Molecules
Groupings of atoms
bonded together
Important bio-molecules:
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Organelles
Examples:
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Nucleus
Golgi
Cells
The
smallest
unit defined as
life
Tissues
A group of cells
having a similar
structure
working
together to
perform a
specific
function
Organs
Groupings
of
tissues united
to perform a
specific
function
Organisms
Living
things that
have (or can
develop) the ability
to act or function
independently.
Populations
Localized
groups of
organisms
belonging to
the same
species
Communities
Populations
of species
living in the
same area.
Ecosystems
Energy
processing
systems of
community
interactions
that include
abiotic
environmental
factors such as
soil and water.
Biomes
Large scale
ecosystems
classified by
predominant
vegetation type
and distinctive
combinations of
plants and
animals.
Biosphere
The
sum
of all of
the
planets
biomes
Ex.
Capillaries
transport
blood
(property not
exhibited by
individual
endothelial
cells).
#2 Movement
Unicellular:
An organism consisting
of a single cell that is
capable of carrying out
all of the functions of life
Examples: bacteria,
amoeba, yeast
Multicellular
An organism
consisting of more
than one cell
working together to
carry out all of the
functions of life
Examples: oak tree,
caterpillar, salmon,
mushroom
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Ribosomes
#4: Reproduction
Each organism arises through reproduction in which
DNA instructions are transmitted from parents to
offspring.
A complex
mechanism for
copying DNA
Passing the
information encoded
in DNA from parent to
offspring via sexual or
asexual reproduction
Sexual:
Reproduction involves
the fusion of a male
and a female gamete
(egg and sperm)
Results in a new
genome that is
different than that of
either parent.
Example: flower
pollination in plants
Asexual:
Reproduction without
the fusion of gametes
Produces a clone of
the original organism,
and therefore does
not increase genetic
variation in the
species as a whole.
Example: binary
fission in bacteria
Plants, blue-green
algae
Detritovores
Crabs, earthworms
and vultures
Light
Temperature
Odor
Sound
Gravity
Heat
Water
Pressure
Visual