COURSE TITLE

COURSE CODE
COURSE CATEGORY
PERIODS/WEEK
PERIODS/ SEMESTER
CREDITS

: MEDICAL ELECTRONICS
: 5048
: E
: 4
: 72
: 4
TIME SCHEDULE

MODULE
1
2
3
4

TOPICS
BIO-POTENTIALS & BIO-POTENTIAL
RECORDERS
ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS AND LASERS
IN MEDICAL FIELD
THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS
IMAGING SYSTEMS, BIO-TELEMETRY AND
PATIENT SAFETY
Total

PERIODS
18
18
18
18
72

OBJECTIVES
MODULE I
1.1.0 Bioelectric Potentials
1.1.1 Explain resting and action potentials. Sodium pump and transmission of impulses.
Describe the wave forms
1.1.2 Explain different types of electrodes used for ECG, EEG and EMG.
1.2.0 BIO-POTENTIAL RECORDERS
1.2.1 Draw the diagram and explain electrical activity heart
1.2.2 Explain the origin and significance of ECG wave form,
1.2.3 Lead system of ECG.
1.2.4 Study ECG recording and effects of errors in recording
1.2.5 ECG block diagram explanation
1.2.6 Explain the electrical activity of Brain
1.2.7 Indicate the different frequency regions & Lead system of EEG
1.2.8 EEG Block diagram explanation
1.2.9 List the types of electrodes used and their arrangement while monitoring EEG
1.2.10 Explain the bio-electrical potentials associated with muscle activity,
1.2.11 EMG Block diagram explanation.
1.2.12 Explain the waveform of EMG.
1.2.13 Explain the significance of EEG.
MODULE II
2.1.0 Understand the different types of analytical instruments
2.1.1 Blood-Blood cells-classification
2.1.2 State the necessity of blood cell counting
2.1.3 List the different methods of blood cell counting
2.1.4 Blood pressure-Arterial BP-Ventricular BP
2.1.5 Sphygmomanometer-Direct and Indirect methods for the measurement of BP
2.1.6 Explain blood gas analyzer
2.1.7 Explain the Principle and working of Colorimeter
2.2.0 Understand Lasers in Medical field
2.2.1 Principle of Laser
2.2.2 Properties of Laser
2.2.3 Nd-Yag Laser, Argon Laser
2.2.4 Application of Laser in medical field
MODULE-III
3.1.0 Understand the different types of Therapeutic Equipments

3.1.1 State the need of pacemakers

3.1.2 Classify different types of pacemakers
3.1.3 Compare the advantages of implantable pacemakers over external pacemakers
3.1.4 Draw the block diagram of a ventricular synchronous demand pacemaker and explain its operation
3.1.5 State the need of defibrillators
3.1.6 Compare ac defibrillators and dc defibrillators
3.1.7 Explain the functions of dialysis machine
3.1.8 List different types of hemodialysis machine
3.1.9 State the working principle of a portable hemo-dialysis machine with a diagram
3.1.10 State the use respirators
3.1.11 Explain the classification of ventilators according to pressure cycling and volume cycling
3.1.12 Explain & List the different types of diathermy equipments
3.1.13 Draw the methods of applying electrodes in short wave diathermy treatment
3.1.14 List the advantages and disadvantages of short wave diathermy treatment
3.1.15 Draw the schematic diagram of microwave diathermy unit and explain its working
3.1.16 Explain the working of a Heart-Lung Machine
MODULE IV
4.1.0 Understand the methods of producing X-rays
4.1.1 Describe the construction and operation of an X-ray machine with a block diagram
4.1.2 Describe the working principle of CT Scanner
4.1.3 Explain the working principle of an ultrasonic imaging system
4.1.4 Explain the working principle of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system
4.2.0 Bio -telemetry
4.2.1 State the need of Bio telemetry
4.2.2 Draw the bio telemetry system block diagram and explain
4.2.3 State the application of Bio telemetry system with example
4.3.0 Patients safety
4.3.1 List the effect of electricity, electromagnetic radiation & magnetism in the Human body
4.3.2 State the precautions to be taken while handling biomedical instruments
4.3.3 List the precautions to be taken while handling X-ray machines
4.3.4 List the electrical safety considerations with respect to machine operators and
patients Macro shock Micro shock (explanation)
4.3.5 Explain the importance of Grounding
CONTENT DETAILS
MODULE I
Biopotentials
Physiological systems of a body. Bio electricity Resting and action potential - transmission of impulses Electrode used for Bio potential measurement
Biopotential Recorders
Electrical activity of the heart; ECG waveform ECG lead system Electro cardio graph (ECG), Electrical
Activity of the brain, EEG wave form -frequency bands-10-20 lead system Electro encephalograph (EEG),
Electrical Activity of the muscles; EMG Wave form -Electro mayo graph (EMG) - (Principle of operation &
specifications only)
MODULE II
Analytical instruments
Blood-Blood cells-classification-Blood cell counter-Blood pressure Arterial BP-Ventricular BPSphygmomanometer-Direct and Indirect methods for the measurement of BP-Blood gas analyzer-Colorimeter
Lasers in Medical Field
Laser-Principle and properties-Nd-Yag Laser-Argon Laser-application of Laser in Medical field
MODULE-III
Therapeutic Instruments

Therapeutic Instruments (Basic Principles only) - Cardiac Pacemakers- types- Cardiac Defibrillators
Types-diathermy- Short wave diathermy - Micro wave diathermy Hemo-dialysis machine Respiratorsventilators-Heart-Lung machine

MODULE IV
Imaging systems
X-Ray Machine & Computed Tomography (CAT), Ultrasonic Imaging - Magnetic Resonance Imaging,
Bio-telemetry System
Components in Biotelemetry system - Application of Bio telemetry
Patient Safety
Patient Safety - Electrical safety Macro shock Micro shock-Importance of Grounding
TEXT BOOKS
1. Principles of Medical Electronics and Biomedical Instrumentation-C Raja Rao & S K Guha
2. Biomedical Instrumentation - Dr. Arumugham.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Hand Book of Biomedical Instrumentation - R. S. Kandpur
2. Principles of Applied Bio medical Instrumentation - L. A. Taddes & Baker
3. Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements - Leslie Cromwell & Free. J.Weibell
4. Medical Instrumentation - John. G. Webster