English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

UNIT 9: DESERTS
I. Vocabulary
N
Words and phrases
o
1. Endangered species

Pronunciation

2. Extinct (a)
3. Extinction (n)
4. To threaten
5. To identify
6. To destroy Destruction (n)
7. Commercial (a)
8. To exploit Exploitation (n)

[iks'plit]

9. To pollute pollution (n)

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.

Drainage (n)
Wetland (n)
Urbanization (n) urbanize (v)
construction (n) to construct
Worldwide (a)
Contaminated (a) = polluted (a)
Biodiversity (n)
To maintain
Diversity (n) = variety (n)
Fertile (a) fertility (n)
To fertilize Fertilizer (n)
Fertilization (n)
To benefit

[,:bnai'zein]

-1-

[':bnaiz]

Meaning, eg.

English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.

Unit 9: Vocabulary

Vulnerable (a) Vulnerability (n)

To enact = to legislate
Reserve (n) to reserve
to establish = to set up
Trade (n v)
To hunt over hunt
Range (n)
To survive survival (n)
Balance (n-v) balanced (a)

II. CHOOSE THE BEST MODAL TO COMPLETE EACH OF THESE

SENTENCES
1. I'm not sure. I come a few minutes late.
a. may
b. must
c. mightn't
d. needn't
2. Bring your umbrella. It rain later today.
a. must
b. may
c. might
d. b & c
3. What are you doing this weekend \?
I haven't decided yet. I .. go on a picnic with my family.
a. may
b. may not
c. must
d. needn't
4. I think we be on time for the meeting after all, so don't worry.
a. must
b. need
c. may
d. shouldn't
5. Do you think they will come today?
Well, they . come today. But I think they'll want to look around first.
a. must
b. needn't
c. might
d. can't
6. You . wash the car. I just had it done yesterday.
a. mustn't
b. needn't
c. might
d. can't
7. "Have you seen Jack?" "No. but he .. be studying in the laboratory."
a. must
b. should
c. needn't
d. may
8. It's secret. You .. let anyone know about it.
a. mustn't
b. needn't
c. mightn't
d. may not
9. "I didn't have time for breakfast this morning."
"You .. be very hungry now"
a. might
b. may
c. must
d. a and b
1. She ___ be ill. I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard.
a. needn't
b. shouldn't
c. mustn't
d. can't

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English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

2. Hiking the trail to the peak ______ be dangerous if you are not well prepared for
dramatic weather changes. You _______ research the route a little more before you
attempt the ascent.
a. might / can
b. may / mustn't
c. can / should
d. must / needn't
3. Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now.
a. needn't
b. must
c. has to
d. should
4. He is unreliable. What he says _______ be believed.
a. cannot
b. must not
c. may not
d. might not
5. I _______ find my own way there. You _______ wait for me.
a. should / can't
b. have to / must
c. can / needn't
d. might/mustn't
6. I was reading the book last night before I went to bed. I never took it out of this
room. It ____ be lying around here somewhere. Where ___ it be?
a. might / needn't b. can / should
c. shouldn't / may d. must / can
7. When you have a small child in the house, you ______ leave small objects lying
around. Such objects _______ be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.
a. should / must
b. should not / might c. needn't / may d. mustn't / can't
8. Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night.
a. must have left b. should have left c. must be leaving d. needn't leave
9. Jenny's engagement ring was precious! It _______ have cost a fortune.
a. must
b. should
c. can
d. needn't
10. You __ take your umbrella along with you today. It _ rain later on this afternoon
a. ought to / mustn't b. needn't / will
c. will / must
d. should/might
20. I _______ be at the meeting by 10:00. I will probably _______ take a taxi if I
want to be on time.
a. must/ have to
b. mustn't / shouldn't c. should / needn't d. may / must
21. You _______ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about
paying on time.
a. needn't
b. mustn't
c. do not have to d. may not
22. The television isn't working. It _______ during the move.
a. should have been damaged
b. needn't be damaged
c. must have been damaged
d. ought not be damaged
23. I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must
b. mustn't
c. need
d. neednt
24. John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried b. should have tried c. can tried
d. may have tried
25. _______ I borrow your lighter for a minute?
- Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you want to.
a. May / can
b. Must / might
c. Will / should
d. Might / neednt
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English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

26. I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize.

a. shouldn't
b. needn't
c. mustn't
d. oughtn't to
27. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _______ exhausted
after such a long flight now.
a. must be
b. must be being
c. must have been d. should have been
28. The lamp _______ be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out.
a. should not
b. might not
c. must not
d. will not
29. It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
a. mustn't
b. needn't
c. mightn't
d. won't
30. We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried.
a. needn't
b. shouldn't
c. mustn't
d. mayn't

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English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

III. GIVE THE CORRECT WORD FORM

1. _______ is a branch of Natural Science, and is the study of living organisms and
how they interact with their environment. (biological)
2. A / an _____ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming
extinct. (danger)
3. Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and
obtain legal _______. (protect)
4. World Wide Fund for Nature was formed to do the mission of the preservation of
biological diversity, sustainable use of natural resources, and the reduction of
and
wasteful consumption. (contaminate)
5. Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____. (extinct)
6.
Current extinction rates are at least 100 to 1,000 times higher than _______ rates
found in the fossil record. (nature)
7.
It is reported that humans are the main reason for most species' declines and
habitat _______ and degradation are the leading threats. (destroy)
8.
The world's biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, which makes
wildlife _______. (vulnerability)
9.
Humans depend on species
to provide food, clean air and water, and
fertile soil for agriculture. (diverse)
10. ______ is the protection of environment and natural resources. (Conserve)
11. Hunting for meat and burning forests for soil cause
to wildlife. (destroy)
12. Farmers make their soil more productive by distributing ______. (fertile)
13. They eventually realize that reckless _______ of the earth's resources can lead
only to eventual global disaster. (exploit)
14. Chemical wastes from factories are _______ that cause serious damage to species
habitats. (pollution)
15. The houses were unfit for human
. (habitat)
16. Do you know the
of newborn babies to disease? (vulnerable)
17. His collection of plants contains many
. (rare)
18. Exporting is necessary for our economic
. (survive)
19. The campaign is intended to heighten public
of the importance of eating a
healthy diet. (aware)
20. Flowers are often
by bees as they gather nectar. (fertile)

Mothers devotion is as immense as water in the sea

-5-

English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

UNIT 9: DESERTS
I. Vocabulary
N
Words and phrases
o
1. Endangered species

Pronunciation

2. Extinct (a)
3. Extinction (n)
4. To threaten
5. To identify
6. To destroy Destruction (n)
7. Commercial (a)
8. To exploit Exploitation (n)

[iks'plit]

9. To pollute pollution (n)

10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.

Drainage (n)
Wetland (n)
Urbanization (n) urbanize (v)
construction (n) to construct
Worldwide (a)
Contaminated (a) = polluted (a)
Biodiversity (n)
To maintain
Diversity (n) = variety (n)
Fertile (a) fertility (n)
To fertilize Fertilizer (n)
Fertilization (n)
To benefit

[,:bnai'zein]

-6-

[':bnaiz]

Meaning, eg.

English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.

Unit 9: Vocabulary

Vulnerable (a) Vulnerability (n)

To enact = to legislate
Reserve (n) to reserve
to establish = to set up
Trade (n v)
To hunt over hunt
Range (n)
To survive survival (n)
Balance (n-v) balanced (a)

-7-

English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

II. CHOOSE THE BEST MODAL TO COMPLETE EACH OF THESE

SENTENCES
1. I'm not sure. I come a few minutes late.
a. may
b. must
c. mightn't
d. needn't
2. Bring your umbrella. It rain later today.
a. must
b. may
c. might
d. b & c
3. What are you doing this weekend \?
I haven't decided yet. I .. go on a picnic with my family.
a. may
b. may not
c. must
d. needn't
4. I think we be on time for the meeting after all, so don't worry.
a. must
b. need
c. may
d. shouldn't
5. Do you think they will come today?
Well, they . come today. But I think they'll want to look around first.
a. must
b. needn't
c. might
d. can't
6. You . wash the car. I just had it done yesterday.
a. mustn't
b. needn't
c. might
d. can't
7. "Have you seen Jack?" "No. but he .. be studying in the laboratory."
a. must
b. should
c. needn't
d. may
8. It's secret. You .. let anyone know about it.
a. mustn't
b. needn't
c. mightn't
d. may not
9. "I didn't have time for breakfast this morning."
"You .. be very hungry now"
a. might
b. may
c. must
d. a and b
11. She ___ be ill. I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard.
a. needn't
b. shouldn't
c. mustn't
d. can't
12. Hiking the trail to the peak ______ be dangerous if you are not well prepared for
dramatic weather changes. You _______ research the route a little more before you
attempt the ascent.
a. might / can
b. may / mustn't
c. can / should
d. must / needn't
13. Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now.
a. needn't
b. must
c. has to
d. should
14. He is unreliable. What he says _______ be believed.
a. cannot
b. must not
c. may not
d. might not
15. I _______ find my own way there. You _______ wait for me.
a. should / can't
b. have to / must
c. can / needn't
d. might/mustn't
16. I was reading the book last night before I went to bed. I never took it out of this
room. It ____ be lying around here somewhere. Where ___ it be?
a. might / needn't b. can / should
c. shouldn't / may d. must / can
-8-

English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

17. When you have a small child in the house, you ______ leave small objects lying
around. Such objects _______ be swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.
a. should / must
b. should not / might c. needn't / may d. mustn't / can't
18. Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night.
a. must have left b. should have left c. must be leaving d. needn't leave
19. Jenny's engagement ring was precious! It _______ have cost a fortune.
a. must
b. should
c. can
d. needn't
20. You __ take your umbrella along with you today. It _ rain later on this afternoon
a. ought to / mustn't b. needn't / will
c. will / must
d. should/might
31. I _______ be at the meeting by 10:00. I will probably _______ take a taxi if I
want to be on time.
a. must/ have to
b. mustn't / shouldn't c. should / needn't d. may / must
32. You _______ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about
paying on time.
a. needn't
b. mustn't
c. do not have to d. may not
33. The television isn't working. It _______ during the move.
a. should have been damaged
b. needn't be damaged
c. must have been damaged
d. ought not be damaged
34. I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must
b. mustn't
c. need
d. neednt
35. John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried b. should have tried c. can tried
d. may have tried
36. _______ I borrow your lighter for a minute?
- Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you want to.
a. May / can
b. Must / might
c. Will / should
d. Might / neednt
37. I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize.
a. shouldn't
b. needn't
c. mustn't
d. oughtn't to
38. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _______ exhausted
after such a long flight now.
a. must be
b. must be being
c. must have been d. should have been
39. The lamp _______ be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out.
a. should not
b. might not
c. must not
d. will not
40. It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
a. mustn't
b. needn't
c. mightn't
d. won't
41. We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried.
a. needn't
b. shouldn't
c. mustn't
d. mayn't

-9-

English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

III. GIVE THE CORRECT WORD FORM

1. _______ is a branch of Natural Science, and is the study of living organisms and
how they interact with their environment. (biological) Biology
2. A / an _____ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming
extinct. (danger) endangered
3. Only a few of the many species at risk of extinction actually make it to the lists and
obtain legal _______. (protect) protection
4. World Wide Fund for Nature was formed to do the mission of the preservation of
biological diversity, sustainable use of natural resources, and the reduction of
and
wasteful consumption. (contaminate) contamination
11. Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____.
(extinct) extinction
12. Current extinction rates are at least 100 to 1,000 times higher than _______ rates
found in the fossil record. (nature) natural
13. It is reported that humans are the main reason for most species' declines and
habitat _______ and degradation are the leading threats. (destroy)
destruction
14. The world's biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, which makes
wildlife _______. (vulnerability) vulnerable
15. Humans depend on species
to provide food, clean air and water, and
fertile soil for agriculture. (diverse) diversity
16. ______ is the protection of environment and natural resources. (Conserve)
Conservation
11. Hunting for meat and burning forests for soil cause
to wildlife. (destroy)
destruction
12. Farmers make their soil more productive by distributing ______. (fertile)
fertilizers
13. They eventually realize that reckless _______ of the earth's resources can lead
only to eventual global disaster. (exploit) exploitation
14. Chemical wastes from factories are _______ that cause serious damage to species
habitats. (pollution) pollutants
15. The houses were unfit for human
. (habitat) habitation
16. Do you know the
of newborn babies to disease? (vulnerable) vulnerability
17. His collection of plants contains many
. (rare) rarities
18. Exporting is necessary for our economic
. (survive) survival
19. The campaign is intended to heighten public
of the importance of eating a
healthy diet. (aware) awareness
20. Flowers are often
by bees as they gather nectar. (fertile) fertilized
- 10 -

English 12 ( Ban Co Ban)

Mrs. Hung

Unit 9: Vocabulary

- 11 -