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Doc: AA-SM-103
Fcr =
Ef
( ) ( 1 )
2 K h
4 b
Equation 1
Where
K for shear is determined from Fig. AA-SM-103.1
The value of K Depends on the following expressions:
D
v= 2
b U
Equation 2
Where
U=
Gc h
tc
E ' th 2
D=
2(12 )
Equation 3
Equation 4
D' can be generated from the D stiffness matrix for the specific composite lay-up using
the following expression:
D= D11 D22
Equation 5
Technical Note:
D is the term that describes the out of plane bending stiffness of the plate
The different values of 'v' give a relative stiffness of the core to the facing sheets when v=0 the core has the same stiffness as the face sheets (no core). As v increases
in magnitude the stiffness of the core relative to the face sheet decreases.
Revision: A
Page: 1
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 2
10
9
Isotropic Facings &
Isotropic Core v = 0
8
Ks
v = 0.15
3.61
3
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
b/a
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
b/a
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Fig. AA-SM-103.1
Prepared by: R. Abbott
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 3
v=0.0
4.54
4.57
4.6
4.65
4.71
4.78
4.86
4.99
5.08
5.21
5.32
5.46
5.62
5.8
5.97
6.18
6.37
6.66
6.9
7.22
7.58
v=0.05
3.93
3.96
3.98
4.03
4.06
4.11
4.17
4.25
4.32
4.42
4.49
4.61
4.71
4.83
4.93
5.08
5.22
5.37
5.55
5.72
5.93
v=0.1
3.43
3.46
3.46
3.5
3.55
3.59
3.63
3.67
3.73
3.81
3.86
3.96
4.04
4.14
4.21
4.31
4.39
4.53
4.63
4.74
4.86
v=0.2
2.76
2.76
2.79
2.8
2.82
2.86
2.89
2.93
2.96
3
3.02
3.08
3.12
3.16
3.2
3.27
3.33
3.38
3.44
3.51
3.58
v=0.4
1.96
1.96
1.98
1.99
1.99
2
2.02
2.03
2.06
2.07
2.1
2.11
2.13
2.14
2.17
2.18
2.2
2.21
2.22
2.22
2.25
The approximation has been designed to linear interpolate between the defined curves.
Panels with v values larger than 0.4 are linearly extrapolated up to values of the buckling
coefficients Ks = 1.0, which is assumed as a minimum.
A macro sheet has been written to automate the calculations. Sample calculation is
shown on the following page.
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 4
Core
ss
b
ss a > b
ss
tC
ss
tF
Facing
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
1.00 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
E=
e =
8.00 mm
6655 MPa
Core Thickness
Effective Young's Modulus of Facing
0.05
Poison's Ratio
GC =
22.0 MPa
d=
h=
b/a =
=
D=
U=
v=
10.00
9.00
0.60
1.00
270203
222.8
0.13
KS =
#ADDIN?
FCR =
mm
mm
Nmm
N/mm
#ADDIN? MPa
Long Edge
Short Edge
= t C#ADDIN?
+ t F + tF
#ADDIN?
= d - tF
= b #ADDIN?
/a
= 1 - e2
2
= Et#ADDIN?
F h / (2)
#ADDIN?
= GC hh / t C
= if(#ADDIN?
c188<a , [ 2D] / [b2U] , [ 2D] / [a2U] )
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
6.85
1.67
The curve for hinged (simply supported) edges has been digitized and plotted over the
curve for composite panels having v = 0 (isotropic facings and isotropic core) in
Figure DJ1-SM-006.1.
It can be observed that the theoretical curve for v = 0 closely matches the
experimentally derived curve in Bruhn, which allows to define a relationship between
isotropic plates and sandwich plates with isotropic cores.
As the stiffness of the core relative to the face sheets decrease, the buckling
coefficient Ks decreases. Thus, for each value of b/a, a scale factor can be
determined, which will relate the Ks of an isotropic panel to Ks of a sandwich panel.
The same scale factor can be then used to find Ks of a curved sandwich panel with
isotropic core, having the Ks of an equivalent isotropic curved panel. Figures C9.4
and C9.5 in Bruhn give Ks coefficients for curved long and wide panels. Note that the
increase in stiffness due to curvature is proportional in both isotropic and sandwich
panels, and it is independent of the material of which the panel is made from, or its
stiffness.
Revision: A
Page: 5
The same scale factor can be then used to find Ks of a curved sandwich panel with
isotropic core, having the Ks of an equivalent isotropic curved panel. Figures C9.4
and C9.5 in Bruhn give Ks coefficients for curved long and wide panels. Note that the
increase in stiffness due to curvature is proportional in both isotropic and sandwich
panels, and it is independent of the material of which the panel is made from, or its
stiffness.
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
10.85
15.9
A macro sheet has been written to automate the calculations. Sample calculation is
shown on the following page.
Revision: A
Page: 6
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 7
ss
Core
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
WIDE PANEL
tC
tF
Facing
LONG PANEL
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
tC =
8.00 mm
600.0 mm
Core Thickness
Radius of Curvature
6655 MPa
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
r=
Ef =
e =
GC =
1.00 mm
Straight Edge
Curved Edge
Facing Thickness
PANEL IS LONG
d=
h=
b/a =
a/b =
D=
U=
v=
Zb =
10.00
9.00
0.60
1.67
1.00
270287
222.8
0.13
KS1 =
#ADDIN?
14.98
mm
mm
Nmm
N/mm
= t C#ADDIN?
+ t F + tF
#ADDIN?
= d - tF
= b #ADDIN?
/a
#ADDIN?
=1/b/a
2
= E#ADDIN?
f t F h / (2
= G#ADDIN?
C hh / t C
#ADDIN?
= if( c355<a , [ 2D] / [b2U] , [ 2D] / [a2U] )
KS2 =
#ADDIN?
f=
KS3 =
#ADDIN?
KS4 =
#ADDIN?
FSCR =
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN? MPa
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
14
12
10
Kc
2.55
2
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 8
2.55
2
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
a/b
1.2
b/a
1.4
1.6
1.67
1.8
Fig. AA-SM-103.2
Prepared by: R. Abbott
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
v = 0.0
13
7.5
5.4
4.3
3.7
3.38
3.21
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
v = 0.1
9.19
7.43
5.65
4.46
3.73
3.24
2.92
2.75
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
2.71
v = 0.2
4.75
4.34
3.85
3.22
2.84
2.59
2.43
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
2.35
v = 0.4
2.44
2.36
2.24
2.05
1.93
1.85
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
1.82
The approximation has been designed to linear interpolate between the defined curves.
Revision: A
Page: 9
Panels with v values larger than 0.4 are linearly extrapolated up to values of the buckling
coefficients Kc = 1.0, which is assumed as a minimum.
A macro sheet has been written to automate the calculations. Sample calculation is
shown on the following page.
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 10
ss
b
ss
ss
tC
ss
tF
Facing
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
1.00 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
8.00 mm
6655 MPa
Core Thickness
Effective Young's Modulus of Facing
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
E=
e=
GC =
d=
h=
a/b =
=
D=
U=
v=
10.00
9.00
1.67
1.00
270203
222.8
0.13
Kc =
#ADDIN?
FCR =
mm
mm
Nmm
N/mm
#ADDIN? MPa
Unloaded Edge
Loaded Edge
= t C#ADDIN?
+ t F + tF
= d #ADDIN?
- tF
2
= Et#ADDIN?
F h / (2)
#ADDIN?
= GC hh / t C
2
= (#ADDIN?
D) / (b2U)
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 11
4.16
1.67
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
r/t = 66.7
11.18
15.9
A macro sheet has been written to automate the calculations. Sample calculation is
shown on the following page.
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 12
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 13
ss
ss
tC
tF
ss
Facing
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
tC =
8.00 mm
600.00 mm
r=
Ef =
e =
GC =
1.00 mm
Unloaded Edge
Loaded Edge
Facing Thickness
Core Thickness
Radius of Curvature
6655 MPa
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
PANEL IS LONG
d=
10.00 mm
= t C#ADDIN?
+ t F + tF
= d - tF
h=
r/t =
a/b =
D=
U=
v=
Zb =
9.00 mm
60.00
1.67
1.00
270203 Nmm
222.8 N/mm
0.13
14.98
= tC + t F + tF
= d #ADDIN?
- tF
#ADDIN?
= r / (t C + 2t F )
= a #ADDIN?
/b
2
= E#ADDIN?
f t F h / (2
= G#ADDIN?
C hh / t C
2
#ADDIN?
= ( D) / (b2U)
2
= ([b
] / [r{t C + 2t F }])(1 - e2)0.5
#ADDIN?
KC1 =
#ADDIN?
KC2 =
#ADDIN?
f=
KC3 =
#ADDIN?
KC4 =
#ADDIN?
FSCR =
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN? MPa
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
1. Given panel dimensions a, b, and t, find Kb and Ks for flat isotropic panel from
Fig. C5.15 and Fig. C5.11 in Bruhn.
2. Using the same panel dimensions find Ks of sandwich panel from Fig. AA-SM-103.1
Note that the sandwich thickness must be equal to t of the isotropic panel in Step 1.
3. Find factor f = Kb / Ks (isotropic panels).
Revision: A
Page: 14
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: AA-SM-103
Revision: A
Page: 15
ss
b
ss
tC
ss
ss
tF
Facing
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
1.00 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
E=
e =
8.00 mm
6655 MPa
Core Thickness
Effective Young's Modulus of Facing
0.05
Poison's Ratio
GC =
22.0 MPa
d=
h=
a/b =
=
D=
U=
10.00
9.00
1.67
1.00
270203
222.8
mm
mm
Nmm
N/mm
Unloaded Edge
Loaded Edge
= t C#ADDIN?
+ t F + tF
#ADDIN?
= d - tF
= a #ADDIN?
/b
2
= Et#ADDIN?
F h / (2)
#ADDIN?
= G hh / t
C
0.13
KSi =
#ADDIN?
Kbi =
#ADDIN?
f=
KS =
#ADDIN?
Kb =
#ADDIN?
FCR =
= GC hh / t C
#ADDIN?
= if(b<a
, [ 2D] / [b2U] , [ 2D] / [a2U])
v=
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN? MPa
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 1
Applicability: Flat panels, all edges simply supported, equal facings, isotropic core,
either isotropic or orthotropic facings
Core
ss
a
ss
ss
a>b
tC
ss
tF
Facing
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
1.00 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
8.00 mm
Core Thickness
EF =
6655 MPa
e =
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
GC =
d=
h=
a/b =
D=
U=
v=
10.00
9.00
1.67
0.998
270203
222.8
0.133
mm
mm
KS =
#ADDIN?
FSCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
Buckling Stress
fS =
50.00 MPa
Nmm
N/mm
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
= a #ADDIN?
/b
2
= E#ADDIN?
F t F h / (2
= G#ADDIN?
C hh / t C
= if(#ADDIN?
c26<b , [ 2D] / [a2U] , [ 2D] / [b2U] )
#ADDIN?
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 2
Applicability: Flat panels, all edges simply supported, unequal facings, isotropic core,
either isotropic or orthotropic facings
ss
a
Facing 1
Core
t1
ss
ss
ss
a>b
tC
t2
Facing 2
a=
b=
t1 =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
0.67 mm
Facing Thickness
t2 =
0.33 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
8.00 mm
Core Thickness
E1 =
6655 MPa
E2 =
6655 MPa
e =
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
GC =
d=
h=
a/b =
9.00 mm
8.50 mm
1.67
0.998
D=
107118 Nmm
U=
198.7 N/mm
v=
0.06
KS =
#ADDIN?
FSCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
fS =
50.00 MPa
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
2
= E#ADDIN?
1t 1E 2t 2h / ([E 1t 1 + E 2t 2]
2
= G#ADDIN?
Ch / tC
= if(#ADDIN?
c79<b , [ 2D] / [a2U] , [ 2D] / [b2U] )
#ADDIN?
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 3
Applicability: Flat panels, all edges simply supported, equal facings, isotropic core,
either isotropic or orthotropic facings
Core
ss
b
ss
ss
tC
ss
tF
Facing
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
1.00 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
8.00 mm
Core Thickness
EF =
6655 MPa
e =
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
GC =
d=
h=
a/b =
D=
U=
v=
10.00
9.00
1.67
0.998
270203
222.8
0.13
KC =
#ADDIN?
Loaded Edge
mm
mm
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
Nmm
N/mm
2
= E#ADDIN?
F t F h / (2
#ADDIN?
= GC hh / t C
2
= (#ADDIN?
D) / (b2U)
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
fC =
15.00 MPa
#ADDIN?
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 4
Applicability: Flat panels, all edges simply supported, unequal facings, isotropic core,
either isotropic or orthotropic facings
t1
ss
b
ss
ss
Facing 1
Core
tC
ss
a
t2
Facing 2
a=
b=
t1 =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
0.67 mm
Facing Thickness
t2 =
0.33 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
8.00 mm
Core Thickness
E1 =
6655 MPa
E2 =
6655 MPa
e =
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
GC =
d=
h=
a/b =
9.00 mm
8.50 mm
1.67
0.998
D=
107118 Nmm
U=
198.7 N/mm
v=
0.06
KC =
#ADDIN?
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
fC =
15.00 MPa
Loaded Edge
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
= a #ADDIN?
/b
2
= E#ADDIN?
1t 1E 2t 2h / ([E 1t 1 + E 2t 2]
= G#ADDIN?
C hh / t C
2
= (#ADDIN?
D) / (b2U)
MSBUCKL #ADDIN?
= FCR / fC - 1
#ADDIN?
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 5
Applicability: Flat panels, all edges simply supported, equal facings, isotropic core,
either isotropic or orthotropic facings
Core
ss
b
ss
ss
tC
ss
a
tF
Facing
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
1.00 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
8.00 mm
6655 MPa
Core Thickness
Effective Young's Modulus of Facing
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
E=
e =
GC =
d=
h=
a/b =
=
D=
U=
v=
10.00 mm
9.00 mm
1.67
1.00
270203
222.8
0.13
Unloaded Edge
Loaded Edge
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
= a #ADDIN?
/b
2
= Et#ADDIN?
F h / (2)
#ADDIN?
= GC hh / t C
#ADDIN?
= if(b<a
, [ 2D] / [b2U] , [ 2D] / [a2U])
KSISO and KbISO are buckling coefficients of equivalent flat isotropic plates, that can be
determined from Bruhn, charts C5.11 and C5.15.
KSISO =
#ADDIN?
KBISO =
#ADDIN?
f=
KS =
#ADDIN?
KB =
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
fB =
25.00 MPa
2
2
= 0.25(
#ADDIN?
)KB(E / )(h / b)
#ADDIN?
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 6
50.0 MPa
FSCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
#ADDIN?
= fS#ADDIN?
/ FSCR
RS =
fC =
15.0 MPa
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
#ADDIN?
= fC#ADDIN?
/ FCR
#ADDIN?
2
= R#ADDIN?
S + RL
RL =
#ADDIN?
RL
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
#ADDIN?
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
RS
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 7
25.0 MPa
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
#ADDIN?
= fb #ADDIN?
/ FCR
Rb =
fC =
15.0 MPa
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
#ADDIN?
= fC#ADDIN?
/ FCR
#ADDIN?
1.75
= R#ADDIN?
+ RC
b
RC =
#ADDIN?
MSCOMBINED =
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Rb
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
#ADDIN?
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Rc
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 7
25.0 MPa
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
Rb =
#ADDIN?
fS =
50.0 MPa
FSCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
RS =
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
Rb
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
RS
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
25.0 MPa
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
Rb =
#ADDIN?
fS =
50.0 MPa
FSCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
RS =
#ADDIN?
fC =
15.0 MPa
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
RC =
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
#ADDIN?
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 8
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 1
ss
Core
ss
ss
ss
ss
ss
tC
ss
ss
WIDE PANEL
tF
Facing
PANEL IS LONG
LONG PANEL
a=
b=
tF =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
tC =
r=
EF =
8.00 mm
600.0 mm
Core Thickness
Radius of Curvature
6655 MPa
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
e =
GC =
d=
h=
D=
U=
v=
Zb =
KS =
Straight Edge
Curved Edge
1.00 mm
10.00
9.00
1.67
1.00
270203
222.8
0.13
14.98
Facing Thickness
mm
mm
Nmm
N/mm
#ADDIN?
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
Buckling Stress
fS =
80.0 MPa
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
Date: 38749
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 2
ss
t1
Facing 1
Core
ss
a
ss
ss
ss
ss
tC
ss
ss
WIDE PANEL
t2
Facing 2
PANEL IS LONG
LONG PANEL
a=
b=
t1 =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
0.67 mm
Facing Thickness
t2 =
0.33 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
8.00 mm
600.0 mm
Core Thickness
Radius of Curvature
6655 MPa
6655 MPa
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
r=
E1 =
E2 =
e =
GC =
d=
h=
D=
U=
v=
Zb =
KS =
9.00
8.50
1.67
1.00
107118
198.7
0.06
mm
mm
Nmm
N/mm
#ADDIN?
Straight Edge
Curved Edge
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
16.65
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
fS =
80.0 MPa
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
Date: 38749
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 3
Core
ss
ss
tC
tF
Facing
ss
PANEL IS LONG
b
a=
b=
r=
tC =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
600.0 mm
8.00 mm
Core Thickness
tF =
1.00 mm
Facing Thickness
EF =
6655 MPa
e =
0.05
GC =
h=
22.0
9.00
1.67
0.9975
270203
222.8
0.13
D=
U=
v=
Zb =
KC =
14.98
Loaded/Curved Edge
MPa
mm
Nmm
N/mm
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
Buckling Stress
fc =
80.0 MPa
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
Date: 38749
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
Doc: DJ1-ST-001
Revision: A
Page: 4
ss
t1
ss
ss
Facing 1
Core
tC
t2
Facing 2
b
a=
b=
t1 =
500.0 mm
300.0 mm
0.67 mm
Facing Thickness
t2 =
0.33 mm
Facing Thickness
tC =
r=
E1 =
8.00 mm
600.0 mm
Core Thickness
Radius of Curvature
6655 MPa
E2 =
6655 MPa
0.05
Poison's Ratio
22.0 MPa
e =
GC =
d=
h=
D=
U=
v=
Zb =
KC =
9.00
8.50
1.67
1.00
107118
198.7
0.06
mm
mm
Nmm
N/mm
#ADDIN?
Straight Edge
Curved Edge
Sandwich Thickness
Distance Between Facings Centroids
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
16.65
#ADDIN?
#ADDIN?
FCR =
#ADDIN? MPa
fc =
80.0 MPa
MSBUCKL #ADDIN?
Date: 38749
#ADDIN?
Checked by:___________________Date:__________
BUCKLING COEFFICIENTS:
isofltshr
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME? 1.0 < a/b y = 6.392x4 - 44.729x3 + 117.39x2 - 138.32x + 69.057
#NAME? 2.2 < a/b y = -0.1912x4 + 2.0936x3 - 7.9746x2 + 11.761x + 1.2696
#NAME? 3.8 < a/b y = -0.9564Ln(x) + 7.0635
#NAME?
#NAME?
isofltcmprssn
#NAME?
#NAME?
isofltbndg
#NAME?
#NAME?
0.40 <a/b
1.45 <a/b
2.48 <a/b
3.50 <a/b
#NAME?
#NAME? 0.4 <a/b y = 355.27847x5 - 903.10623x4 + 701.11531x3 - 14.71857x2 - 195.49688x
#NAME? 0.95 <a/by = 10.787799x2 - 30.172087x + 44.968600
#NAME? 1.65 <a/by = 3.910898x2 - 16.059090x + 40.403395
#NAME?
#NAME?
isocrvdshr
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME? isotropic curved long panels
#NAME? a/b = inf y = 0.000000026535x6 - 0.000003060030x5 + 0.000141024036x4 - 0.0034
a/b = inf y = 1.907178839723x^0.494454079858
a/b = 3 y = 0.000000032252x6 - 0.000004012521x5 + 0.000193543471x4 - 0.0045
a/b = 3 y = -0.000000000072x4 + 0.000000189927x3 - 0.000188303982x2 + 0.16
a/b = 2 y = 0.000000013902x6 - 0.000002031334x5 + 0.000114933990x4 - 0.0031
a/b = 2 y = -0.000000000086x4 + 0.000000213951x3 - 0.000203548068x2 + 0.18
a/b = 1.5 y = -0.000000006777x6 + 0.000000301616x5 + 0.000016818880x4 - 0.00
a/b = 1.5 y = -0.000000000157x4 + 0.000000370989x3 - 0.000316119110x2 + 0.223
a/b = 1 y = -0.000000151482x5 + 0.000025427330x4 - 0.001412214171x3 + 0.03
a/b = 1 y = -0.000000000174x4 + 0.000000399100x3 - 0.000344086093x2 + 0.25
#NAME?
isotropic curved wide panels
#NAME?
a/b = 1.5
a/b = 1.5
a/b = cyl
a/b = cyl
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
isocrvdcmprssn
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
for all values of z below 10 (up to 50)
#NAME? isotropic y = 0.000007515714x3 - 0.002171323301x2 + 0.292096182322x + 3.6711
r/t = 3000y = -0.00028583x2 + 0.19751261x + 4.29481263
#NAME? r/t = 3000y = 0.2939x0.8735
r/t = 2000y = 0.3841x0.8619
r/t = 1000y = 0.3411x0.9187
r/t = 700 y = 0.3859x0.9687
r/t = 500 y = 0.4886x0.9778
r/t = 0
y = 0.7624x0.9897
#NAME?
#NAME?
orthofltshr
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
orthotropic flat
v=0.0
y = 0.107154315338x6 + 1.831844769418x5 - 2.140983924270x4 + 0.175
v=0.05 y = 2.060532010451x5 - 4.131412177114x4 + 2.857067886041x3 + 0.803
v=0.1
y = 1.801947321743x6 - 4.441223047674x5 + 3.498355332762x4 - 0.8760
#NAME?
#NAME?
v=0.2
v=0.4
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
orthofltshrunequal
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
orthotropic flat
v=0.0
y = 2.8771x2 + 0.0289x + 4.5773
v=0.05 y = 1.7058x2 + 0.251x + 3.9426
v=0.1
y = 1.0821x2 + 0.3603x + 3.4263
v=0.2
y = 0.5321x2 + 0.2899x + 2.7523
v=0.4
y = 0.0368x2 + 0.2741x + 1.9451
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
orthofltcmprssn
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
b is loaded edge
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
orthofltcmprssnunequal
#NAME?
orthotropic flat
v = 0.0 y = 279.17x4 - 780.28x3 + 818.29x2 - 386.77x + 74.168
v = 0.1 y = -14.598x4 + 19.524x3 + 9.1215x2 - 23.098x + 11.43
v = 0.2 y = -29.261x4 + 59.514x3 - 36.973x2 + 3.5212x + 4.707
v = 0.4 y = -8.3333x4 + 18.889x3 - 13.167x2 + 2.0718x + 2.3443
Minimum value for Kc
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
b is loaded edge
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
isobend
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
orthotropic flat
v = 0.0 y = 279.17x4 - 780.28x3 + 818.29x2 - 386.77x + 74.168
v = 0.1 y = -14.598x4 + 19.524x3 + 9.1215x2 - 23.098x + 11.43
v = 0.2 y = -29.261x4 + 59.514x3 - 36.973x2 + 3.5212x + 4.707
v = 0.4 y = -8.3333x4 + 18.889x3 - 13.167x2 + 2.0718x + 2.3443
Minimum value for Kc
38.32x + 69.057
+ 11.761x + 1.2696
5209x + 18.386789
386.77x + 74.168
- 23.098x + 11.43
+ 3.5212x + 4.707
+ 2.0718x + 2.3443
386.77x + 74.168
- 23.098x + 11.43
+ 3.5212x + 4.707
+ 2.0718x + 2.3443