HOLY CHILD COLLEGES OF BUTUAN

nd

Street, Guingona Subdivision, Butuan City

DIRECTIONS IN RESEARCH/THESIS WRITING

Prepared by:

Virnalisi Mindaa- Mencidor, Ed. D.

Edited by:

Rodulfo P. Esteves, Ph.D.

Felomino A. Gargar, Ed. D.

May 2013

PREFACE

Writing a research/ thesis is a partial requirement in the fulfillment of a degree.

It is for this reason that the Research Division of HCCB had come up with this direction
in research/thesis writing, so that the researcher/s will be guided on the desired format
required by the college.The contents of this are properly explained and simplified in a
manner where a new researcher may find it understandable and easy to follow.

VM

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

HCCB Research Division would like to thank University of Southeastern

Philippines Tagum Mabini Campus, College of Teacher Education and TechnologyGraduate School under the chairmanship of Dr. Roque N. Langcoy, and the HCCB- IT
Department Mr. Bryan Garcia and Mr. Fransandy Hontanosas.

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PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT AND THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF GRADE SIX PUPILS IN HOLY CHILD COLLEGES OF BUTUAN

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An Undergraduate Thesis Presented To the

Faculty of the COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Holy Child Colleges of Butuan
Butuan City, Philippines

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

BACHELOR IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Major in Early Childhood Education

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KRISTINE A. LUMBRE

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March 2013
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PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT AND THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

GRADE SIX PUPILS IN HOLY CHILD COLLEGES OF BUTUAN

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A Thesis Presented to the Faculty

of the COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Holy Child Colleges of Butuan
Butuan City, Philippines

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Master in Guidance and Counseling

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ALEX L. SABELLANO
March 2014

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APPROVAL SHEET

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This undergraduate thesis entitled, PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT AND THE

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRADE SIX PUPILS IN HOLY CHILD COLLEGES OF
BUTUAN, prepared and submitted by Kristine A. Lumbre, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree, Bachelor in Elementary Education, has been examined and is
hereby endorsed for oral examination, approval and acceptance.
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VIRNALISI MINDAA- MENCIDOR

Adviser
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PANEL OF EXAMINERS
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APPROVED by the Panel of Examiners with a grade of 1.25.

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Rodulfo P. Esteves, Ph. D

Chairman
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Felomino A. Gargar, Ed. D.

Member

Virgil Leo E. Gumanoy, Ph. D

Member

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ACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Bachelor

in Elementary Education.
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FELOMINO A. GARGAR, Ed. D., IABMCP

Dean, College of Education

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APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis entitled, PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT AND THE ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE OF GRADE SIX PUPILS IN HOLY CHILD COLLEGES OF BUTUAN,
prepared and submitted by ALEX A. SABELLANO, in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree, Master in Guidance and Counseling, has been examined and is hereby
endorsed for approval and acceptance.
VIRNALISI MINDAA- MENCIDOR
Adviser
___________________________________________________________________
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
APPROVED by the Panel of Examiners with a grade of 1.25.

Rodulfo P. Esteves, Ph. D

Chairman

Felomino A. Gargar, Ed. D.

Member

Virgil Leo E. Gumanoy, Ph. D

Member

___________________________________________________________________
ACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, master in
Guidance and Counseling.
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Comprehensive Examination: Passed

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FELOMINO A. GARGAR, Ed. D., IABMCP

Vice President for Academic Affairs

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
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This section is a personal account of the researcher extending his/her gratitude to
those
who helped him/her in the completion of the study. The people could be named but the
researcher has the freedom to select whom he/she has to include. It is recommended
however
to include only those people who actually helped him/her in the completion of the study.
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This section should be limited to not be more than two pages.

A modest citation of the people is enough to give credit to their contributions.

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DEDICATION

This section is optional. However, if this is included then this must appear in the table
of contents.
There is no recommended format and given the freedom to choose the font
style, size, indention, line spacing and others. Only text is allowed.

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ABSTRACT
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TITLE (all caps font 12)
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NAME OF THE RESEARCHER (all caps font 12)
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This section is a summary of the study and should not be
written in bullet form. This is only one paragraph that will compose of the
following: purpose of the study, research design and respondents, major
findings of the study, conclusions and recommendations.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Title page

Approval Sheet .

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Acknowledgment ..

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Dedication .

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Abstract .. ..

Table of Contents

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List of Tables

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List of Figures ..

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List of Appendices

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numerals

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CHAPTER
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THE PROBLEM AND RELATED LITERATURE

Background of the Study
Review of Related Literature ..

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Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework ..
Statement of the Problem .
Hypothesis....
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms

METHOD
Research Design
Research Respondents .
Research Instrument
Research Procedure
Statistical Treatment of the Data ..

PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS

Level of Parental Involvement ..
Level of Academic Performance
Significant Relationship between the Academic
Performance and the Levels of Parental Involvement

SUMMARY,CONCLUSIONS ANDRECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations

REFERENCES ..
APPENDICES
CURRICULUM VITAE .

LIST OF TABLES
Table

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Respondents of the Study

Level of Parental Involvement in terms of.

Level of Parental Involvement in terms of

Level of Academic Performance

All tables used in the study should be listed here. Must be

numbered systematically as they appear from the first page to the last page.

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure
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Conceptual Framework of the Study .

All figures should be listed here. Must be numbered systematically

as they appear from the first page to the last page.

LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
A

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Letter for the HCCB President ..

Letter for the VP/ K-12 Director

Content Validity Forms..

Sample Survey Questionnaire..

Sample Calculations and Statistical

Output ..

All appendices should be listed here. Use letters systematically

as they appear from the first page to the last page.

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Chapter 1

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THE PROBLEM AND RELATED LITERATURE

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Background of the Study

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This should start with the first paragraph detailing the main perspective
of the problem. Context should be supported by authorities, (at least 10 sources or
more as long as it exhaust the study) to establish the trustworthiness of
the study. The writer must persuade the readers that the study will help solve some
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educational problems/discover new knowledge or prove existing theories.

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The second paragraph should set the global situations. Major arguments
related to the occurrence of the problems and the solutions employed by various
practitioners in international setting should be presented. The discussion must
illustrate critical analysis of the arguments.
The next succeeding paragraph will be the national and the local scenario to
establish the occurrence of the problem at a national and local level.
The last paragraph must be concluded with the need of the conduct of the study by
presenting the significance of the study (but not considered as to another
subheading).
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Review of Related Literature

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Thorough research is a requirement to complete this section. This is a critical

analysis of the results of the related studies conducted. Concepts are based on the
variables of the study or as presented in the statement of the problem. To strengthen this
section, argumentation is a key element by elaborating through examples, comparing and
contrasting results of previous studies and giving personal observation.
To avoid plagiarism, researchers must take extra care in citing literatures. To avoid this, the
following must be carefully observed:
1. Paraphrase- state the work of other people using different words and changing the
organization (order of sentences and ideas) of the statement.
2. If original phrasing is unique and cannot be paraphrased, must be italicized or be
enclosed in a quotation mark and referenced at the end.
There are two ways by which the quotation or idea of other authors can be cited:
1. Information-prominent- the surname of the author with the year of publication is
written at the end of the idea enclosed with a parenthesis.
Example: Literature review is a discussion of previously written studies
(Mencidor, 2010),
2. Author-prominent- emphasis is given to the person who made the proposition (if the
author is well known in the field for this adds credibility to the information).
Words that can be used include:

Disputes

defines

affirmsmaintains

assumes

claims

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Argues asserts agrees mentions confirms disagrees Suggests admits

3. Internet sources (article) must be cited the same as the information from the books
and journals. If it contains the name of an author, the family name and year format
must be used. If it is the name of the organization, year format must be cited. Citing
the web address is not a professional practice in research.
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Theoretical Framework
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Contains the different theories by which the study is being anchored. Each
theory should be contributory to the development of the conceptual framework.
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Conceptual Framework
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This is the framework of the study showing the interplay of the variables being
investigated. Each variable used is taken from the theories discussed and it must be
operationally defined at this section.
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Statement of the problem
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This is written in interrogative form. It includes only questions which are mutually
inclusive. Questions that are not contributory to the attainment of the objectives of the study
should not be included.
Almost all research/thesis start with asking the profile of the respondents. If the
variables of the study do not include the profile of the respondents, do not include this in
your research problems.
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Hypothesis
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In some studies, there are more than one hypotheses, it is widely
accepted that the heading is written in singular.

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Chapter 2
METHOD

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Presented in this chapter is the methodology used to answer the research

questions posed.
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Research Design
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This section presents the research design used in the study. It is discussed by
giving the definition or giving justifications of the selection of the research design.
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Research Respondents/Participants/Subjects
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If the study requires the samples to be under treatment just like experimental
studies, the appropriate term is subject. Respondents if the study requires the samples to
answer a questionnaire. But if the study requires the samples to contribute to discussion,
argument, dialogue and others, the samples are called participants.
The aim of this section is to provide answers to the following: who are the
subjects; why and on what capacity are they selected; and what contributions can they
make toward the achievement of the aims of the study. Table showing the distribution of the
respondents will be included in this section.
Sampling design is also included in this section. The selection of the total number of
respondents must be clearly argued to show that the true samples are the representative of
the population.

Research Instruments

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If the questionnaire is adopted, the clarity of the language should be considered as
well as the acceptability of the population. The characteristics of the questionnaire must be
validated by experts (minimum of three).
If the questionnaire is researcher-made, the process of development should be
clearly outlined and discussed. The focus of discussion should be reliability and validity of
the instrument.
The process of questionnaire development is outlined as follows:
1. identify the domains of each variable.
2. Identify the indicators of each domain.
3. Develop test items for each indicator.
4. Pilot test the questionnaire with samples similar to your subject.
5. Analyze the result of the pilot test.
6. Revise the questionnaire based on the result of the pilot test.
7. Re- test the revised questionnaire to determine the reliability index of the
questionnaire.
All these seven steps must be elaborated in this section. The veracity of
research findings depends on how valid and reliable the instruments are.
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Research Procedure
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This part outlines the step by step process of gathering data needed. The permit from
proper authorities was granted and the assessment (testing, retrieval, recording of the
questionnaire) was conducted.
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Statistical Tool
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Statistical tool/s used in this study should be discussed in this section.

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Chapter 3

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PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS

Results and findings of the study will be presented in this section. Presentation
of the findings follow the statement of the problems. The first subheading must answer
question number 1 and so on.
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Table Format
An introduction must be written in the first paragraph introducing the variable to be
discussed.
The title of the table must be written above the table and it must be properly labeled
as to what table number it is (center). The discussion text of the table follows two lines
below the table.
For every data presented, structure the arguments by identifying the trends from the
data, support them by literature, compare, contrast, elaborate, give evidence, and propose
implications of the data.
The indicators in the table should be stated using first person pronoun, however, in
the table for discussion, nominalization of the items is required.
Example: (questionnaire) I treat other people as being worthy of my trust and
confidence.

Presented in the discussion: Treating other people worthy of the trust and confidence.

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Note: Researcher should keep in mind that the discussion should persuade the
readers to believe the credibility of the study.
General Guidelines in reporting statistical results
1. Report the results of the data analysis used to test a hypothesis.
2. Report should be in condensed format.
3. Statistical report should relate directly to a hypothesis
4. Restate the hypothesis, then state whether your results supported it, then give
the data and statistics that allowed you to draw this conclusion.
5. In reporting the results of statistical tests, report the descriptive statistics, such
as means and standard deviations, as well as the test statistic, degrees of
freedom, obtained value of the test, and the probability of the result occurring by
chance (p value, should be rounded to two decimal places).
6. All statistical symbols that are not greek letters should be italicized (M, SD, t, p,
etc.).
7. When reporting a significant difference between two conditions, indicate the
direction of this difference, i.e. which condition was more/less/higher/lower than
the other conditions). Assume that your audience has a professional knowledge
of statistics. Dont explain how or why you used a certain test unless it is
unusual.
Guide in interpreting the results:
Descriptive Statistics
Mean and Standard Deviation are most clearly presented in parentheses:
The sample as a whole was relatively young (M=19.22, SD= 3.45).
The average age of students was 19.22 years (SD= 3.45).

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Percentages are also most clearly displayed in parentheses with no decimal places:
Nearly half (49%) of the sample was enrolled in the program.

Correlations
Correlations are reported with the degrees of freedom (which are N-2) in parentheses
and the significance level:

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Chapter 4

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SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations

from the implications of the data by the researcher.
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Summary
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Summary should be presented here in numbered format that corresponds to the

problem statements. Only the major trends that directly answer the research problems
should be included and no further discussion of the summary is needed.
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Conclusions

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Not all problems would require conclusions and they are based from
the implications of the data. It should be presented in numbered format.
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Recommendations
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This is based primarily on the significance of the study. Each item can have more
than 1 recommendation as long as it fits the significance of the study. This must be written
as follows:
1. It must address the need of the respondents.
2. Help improve the institution or the location of the study.
3. Recommendations for future studies.

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REFERENCES

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only the first letter is capital

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All references must be written in alphabetical order. Regardless of types and source
must be written as one. Bibliographical entries from internet, books and journals are also
incorporated in this section.
Example:

Adams (2009). Climate- The Emotional One that Is. Retrieved October 20, 2009 from
(hanging)
http://www.gordontraining.com/Climate_The_Emotional_One_That_Is.html
Charles, C. M, and Senter, G. W. (2005). Elementary Classroom Management. New
York: Holt, Hinehart and winstin, Inc.

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Written on the leftmost
CURRICULUM VITAE

Passport size
scanned photo

ALEX L. SABELLANO
Block 6 Lot 8 Eminville Subd., 8400 Butuan City
a_sabellano@ymail.com
0920892100

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Summary of Qualifications
Personal Details (name, gender, age, birth date/place, parents name (note: use
mothers maiden name)
Educational Background
Work Experiences
Seminars Attended