tasaKug samum / rawkukik mAuSetaat:

abur adurenif Sagul fi paa Satugaat Sil wafurikn wa tasuwlel farAaat li tah-gudela le~mu.
Razuq tanamum ila mahalws le~umu An haal liyya begu muta~d/ mubatuK-farug aksa mutamud/kaluhat.
arud paa bayunfin fi ard gawumaat aksa dar ganuhatif.
Razuq tanmum ila mahalws le~mu liyy yanuK fug saaregan hasubaat wa maraluyment zajunaat.
rasuK set-wagut.un etanet yaKeda laduk kar nasuKat / fesu aluaat li Sagul daroretaat li mahalws le~mu.
Samus mekrufitch wala paa etanet amma Satuh.un li mahalaws le~mu tajamAaat (mlt.aat) liyya yanwajuh mAa
nawusment wakulaat.

Badur tejural (tasuwlel taSawur) li mahalws me~mu.

1. gawud paa bayunfin bayna kaawun paa tah mugayem / mutahed muganuh / muwazef / muyamel bad~ ila
kaawun mumaden.un / takabud muwazuf / kaluhat / watun.

-un.sabuK tejur.

Badur wafurik tajulment li mahalws le~mu

2. gawud Satuhaat Sil maraaluy wa naaSuy paa samum Sil maraaluy zajunat
a. dawud maazA amma maku nafuztuf mudabet (mnm),Saruk-hamulat wala musareeg.un.
b. daamag paa taKuT amma yAsubet.un wa tem gad nazdur nafur ala warug.
c. Nuk salfur bi.SaKusal ba~b liyya hamut mahalws.un le~mu sadeh makaateb wala karut wa~ yanuK fug
fi paa taab~ weluyaat. jeorjia wala virjinia

Paa Satuh li haaSug kuwnal tarabuy salfur kaTul Aanud sadeh makaatebaat fatuh dajulbut ila mahalws le~mu kar
maratbut-Assus deek kaTul paa tarajumaat Sil paa aKtalafwas lagutaat, Tagufal sawufaat Sil mahalaws le~mu. sadeh
makaatebaat salfur Azun Tamud daKul-tasaKug bayna mahalws le~mu, paa basur nawusment, wa paa Saagul jamAaat
maSulatifu. Inza lazum kawun basur.un kafuf Sil gaalus weluyaat yanmaalA tadamag nen wah aagur bi.malA paa
mahalws Taguf deek fugeda ~zi rasuKment. Paa gaalus weluyaat salfur tem yanmalA / yaguw dajur malukaat wala
maktubaat deek jawuz Tagufal namuyment. Paa mahul media* yajub kawun Kufeha li tagrur paa kawunfin Sil mahalws
le~mu lagut, Taguf wa masural da~T. paa sadudifaat Al lazum kawun yanmalA nen paa Katur Sil saawug sAubess. Eza
paa yaKeda Yamulaat kalun nuzdera amma paa lub Sil mahalws le~mu tabadul jaamA, Tuma paa mahalws le~mu lazum
sanub paa yazumatif mAulment bi.yawum liyya haaSug paa Al hadufaat.

Musaqeya: mari.utu el maku musafer: tu.nama (teref anK)

 Min paa maktub Sil: tu-nama (teref anK:)
Maku musafur
Li paa nasub Sil paa
Se (xi / olmec) hau
Yamassee asaluy amrekeu, aslunal karibe, Seminole, arawak, SuSoni waSitaw mund
mubaneyu

tasaKug samum / rawkukik mAuSetaat:

abur adurenif Sagul fi paa Satugaat Sil wafurikn wa tasuwlel farAaat li tah-gudela le~mu.
Razuq tanamum ila mahalws le~umu An haal liyya begu muta~d/ mubatuK-farug aksa mutamud/kaluhat.
arud paa bayunfin fi ard gawumaat aksa dar ganuhatif.
Razuq tanmum ila mahalws le~mu liyy yanuK fug saaregan hasubaat wa maraluyment zajunaat.
rasuK set-wagut.un etanet yaKeda laduk kar nasuKat / fesu aluaat li Sagul daroretaat li mahalws le~mu.
Samus mekrufitch wala paa etanet amma Satuh.un li mahalaws le~mu tajamAaat (mlt.aat) liyya yanwajuh mAa
nawusment wakulaat.

Badur tejural (tasuwlel taSawur) li mahalws me~mu.

3. gawud paa bayunfin bayna kaawun paa tah mugayem / mutahed muganuh / muwazef / muyamel bad~ ila
kaawun mumaden.un / takabud muwazuf / kaluhat / watun.

-un.sabuK tejur.

Badur wafurik tajulment li mahalws le~mu

4. gawud Satuhaat Sil maraaluy wa naaSuy paa samum Sil maraaluy zajunat
a. dawud maazA amma maku nafuztuf mudabet (mnm),Saruk-hamulat wala musareeg.un.
b. daamag paa taKuT amma yAsubet.un wa tem gad nazdur nafur ala warug.
c. Nuk salfur bi.SaKusal ba~b liyya hamut mahalws.un le~mu sadeh makaateb wala karut wa~ yanuK fug
fi paa taab~ weluyaat. jeorjia wala virjinia

Paa Satuh li haaSug kuwnal tarabuy salfur kaTul Aanud sadeh makaatebaat fatuh dajulbut ila mahalws le~mu kar
maratbut-Assus deek kaTul paa tarajumaat Sil paa aKtalafwas lagutaat, Tagufal sawufaat Sil mahalaws le~mu. sadeh
makaatebaat salfur Azun Tamud daKul-tasaKug bayna mahalws le~mu, paa basur nawusment, wa paa Saagul jamAaat
maSulatifu. Inza lazum kawun basur.un kafuf Sil gaalus weluyaat yanmaalA tadamag nen wah aagur bi.malA paa
mahalws Taguf deek fugeda ~zi rasuKment. Paa gaalus weluyaat salfur tem yanmalA / yaguw dajur malukaat wala
maktubaat deek jawuz Tagufal namuyment. Paa mahul media* yajub kawun Kufeha li tagrur paa kawunfin Sil mahalws
le~mu lagut, Taguf wa masural da~T. paa sadudifaat Al lazum kawun yanmalA nen paa Katur Sil saawug sAubess. Eza
paa yaKeda Yamulaat kalun nuzdera amma paa lub Sil mahalws le~mu tabadul jaamA, Tuma paa mahalws le~mu lazum
sanub paa yazumatif mAulment bi.yawum liyya haaSug paa Al hadufaat
Paa mahalws gabelu.aat Sil yamassee Sil bit wa nisut amrek Awuz liyya nasur antu Arefa amma tah-gadulwas liyya
sanuy takabud.aat/Sugul amma ganuh.aat deek salfur Azun.hum paa zadem liyya Kanum nasf.hum wafurik
mekrokuwniTm deek kamud ila aKerakuwniTm.un. paa mahalw gabelu Silyamassee salfur razuq Kanumif.un tazurif li
ham deek aTa ahum bi nasuf tafalul. tawajud.un Sil mutahub.aat / buteKa farug.aat / yanmalAat.u sanub le~mu.un
mabnuhal jumruk gem-garA.

tajamAal tanmum / SaguT

paa tajamA kalun assus ala paa gadeem kanrruh.aat Sil tahuy (mAat), batuK wa gem-garAin. Paa malulaat min ayi
mAun saluf.aat, NaTun wala tatabur.aat salfur kawunsamus liyya natuj a~um min fi tayuzery.un yagu badalan Sil
kKatyar.un kaluhat adeyu.paa tajamA Sagul ala tazumatif assus wa rawus min-ala Sil paa tahaTuT Sil mahalaws
muSa~m.u. henakTa wafut Sil zAeer kaluhat gatub.aat deek Saruk Amum.un a~um, lakun lun Sil del Satug.aat aTa
muhema ja saanub akud deek mahalws le~mu Sil bit amrek aTa nasuf kafuyent wala zawuw taAfuy.un talama Saagul
paa ard. Haza kalun najuz bi gaayur paa tazurif Sil paa un.Aaruf tawud kaluhat / muAnuw.

bayuK, hatug, saluhment

Paa bayuK kalun wah maabun deek inza kalun agway.un Saduy / farug saawug adaf.un Saduy farug daKul
tejural nasubkatul.
Paa gahul.aat aTa bi.lafuy mabaneh amma hasurment.aat deek faagud paa yakul juzrun.un Sil gahul.un aS kalun
taSarek.
Mahakws le~mu aTa kaTub tanamum, wazuf.aat, wa fadundum karfi nasuf~m aunal maskun.
Mahalaws le~mu fagud kull tejural wa murmanuS.aat liyya hafudh kawunfin, li meTal: markub.aat, tAur.aat, wa
Suna-hat.aat.
Mahseb tagamA Satuh deek Azun mahalaws le~mu tajamA.aat (mlt) liyya yanwajuh kar nawusment mawkalaat
fi zagur liyya manus paa 20T gurun Satuh.aat Sil nazumik jarutery.

Jarutey: paa madum tasaruf fi aS wahu anus And talug saKum uwah paa hayuh, renenet wa fadundum Sil
uKrat.

Musaqeya: musafer:

mooreS (mAureS) amreke mahalws jam~r

paa mAureS gansul Sil paa virjinya ja~r

gadeem al magrebe satara
ala paa waseK bit.garub amma: taAlun Sa~da
wa nisut.garub amexem Sil malufet li “nasf
(haruw amrek.aat) naawus” le~mu yan
Talug ganun.aat
Sil pAut ganun.

Aruf kull anusu bi del hadeyu.aat, raa~b.aat:

tagawud

(convention de la hayed u 5, October 1961)

(Vienna convention 18 april 1961)

(paa yagudane li paa ard-mantug Sil bit wa nisut

gatubal amrek wa paa maaKur jezur.aat, july 13 1787)

paa mafud Sil marrakeS 1787 waduwh luseta Tabugnut fi raasuK paa garud wa nayut Sil “mutafi Sil sasul Sil melufet
Sil paa mAureS muymul msif gawum” wa burer bi Kaaluw paa taluzment Sil taganunit yan paa 13T, 14T wa
15Tradutment. Enen paa mAures muymul.u aTa jaaruh biwasati paa Tamun sa~l aS kalun gurera amma paa sasuKist
mulk fi haza ard, haza kaTul talug dayAen uwah paa ard. Henak yakul kawun fakut wa~ mulk fi Tamun sa~l li
mAun.un Satug Sil ard. Zi kalun mulk.un SilYanyarSane, un.sabuK fi tamaduy, nazulbut ila kull waryuTaat Sil paa
Gaubist tangul. Mulk.un fi Tamun sa~l yakul maSgum kawun kabutal wala gur Kabutal yaruSmentaat.naTun.un Sil
paa Tamun sa~l, haal.Kalud hamul kar zi jull Sayu karfi wala haajuj Al wa taKuT paa ard wa moya zi nasuf. Enen, paa
muur.u aTa paa haq lagub hamulat.u li paa ard huguwm. Haza kalun fi makun Sil paa torrens lagub,”danub Sil
tarugane.aat” Sil “42” “36” “30” kull Sil paa ard gurera fi paa habA Tgut, nayya drew ali, muTgut, Sil 1928wasA mulk
li paa jalul Sil kull muureS amreke.u.

yan paa malufet Sil tahadA, li paa habA Tagut kuteba wa sujela fi suwra 11.17 tama-re, paa asum satara Sil paa
dayAin Sil afrek Sil paa muureS gaduS Koran Karuwz 7 biwasati kharuwz 10, paa taabA kharuwz.aat rasuK paa
yantuwega muTugeta / SuyuK.u / muwazeer / gansul ___________________ gawumaat, jamuraat, wa uKra taKafuh.aat
kar adub fi Kat Sil nutega Tagut wa muTugeta ganunal gawum li mulk henak-Sil, paa taTur.aat Sil aS batuK paa
yantuwega ganunal gawum ila haruyaj, paa muTgut dayAin, gawum gawum salut re (droit droit jura re) wa nufun
rafur ila paa hatug Sil taTAud li paa ba.yn-yamulal huresa mahalws le~mu henfi zayud bi.daguy gurera kamma
muTgut.u / SuyuK.u / muwazeer.u /
mugansul.u / muganun.u, wa umum muwazeer Sil Adul (maAt). “ in itinere, li paa laaguh weluy, paa yaKud
weluyaat, kamma wuduwh amma 16 stn.i419, February 21, 1871, wa 104 stat. 4933 november 29, 1990, tabadun 3611,
lagub 36 umum ganun 101-647 malukfi ja 28, u.s.c. tabdun 3002(15).

Taawug haza TAud arud tajayud ta.ayud bi paa le~mu aS sanub antuten farug ila paa taabA beruTaat: paa hadus
tabnuw wa bi.ganunaat Sil paa muureS WaTa birba, paa 7 juzaat Sil paa muureS el ulhe tabanuw, paa mahalws
gadhuf rakum 215/93, paa un ipo# 2421 wa paa gadeem wa hadus kanruhaat Sil ASuq, haq, hotep, fadundum, wa Adul
(maAt).

Tajayud tuwega wa sujela bi muur.u

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muShud tawugtar yawum Sa~r senu
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muShud tawugtar yawum Sa~r senu