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Earthing System of Instrument Equipment

Instrument earthing system shall consist of the following earth type:


Electrical earthing (also called dirty earthing or Protective Earthing (PE))
Instrument earthing (also called Reference Earth (RE))
Intrinsically safe earthing
1. Electrical earthing is used to protect the power system, electrical equipment, and
personnel from electric
shock.
How to do an electrical earthing?
Armor of field instrument cable shall be terminated at cable gland.
Armor of single and multi core cable going to junction box shall be terminated at
cable gland. If the
junction box made from metal, then it only needs to connect the earth stud bolt to
the nearest steel
structure. If the junction box made from non metal, the earth stud bolt will be
located at the metal
gland plates which have direct contact with the cable gland.
Armor of single and multi core cable going inside or outside marshalling and
system cabinet shall be
terminated and connected to a bus bar inside the cabinet. Each bus bar inside the
cabinet will be
connected to a grounding dispatcher by 35 mmsq cable (usually green yellow
stripped). This
grounding dispatcher will collect all connection from individual bus bar and then
connect it to a
general electrical earth loop (to structure steel) by a 70 mmsq cable. In general
used, the earth bus
bar is made from copper and has 1 width and height.
2. Instrument earth

The general principle of instrument earth is all individual shields (screen) and
overall shield (screen)
of single or multi pair cable shall be isolated from electrical earthing and terminated
at different bus
bar. This instrument earth usually also called reference earth since it serve the
reference point of the
instrument loop (ground of internal electric circuit inside the instrument).
Individual shield (drain wire) of single pair cable shall be terminated at earth or
ground terminal block
inside the instrument enclosure.
Individual shield from analog single pair cable going inside the junction box shall
be terminated to
terminal block. Individual shield from digital single pair cable going inside the
junction box shall be
terminated to terminal block and jump out each other then connect it to bus bar.
Individual shield from multi pair cable going inside the junction box shall be also
terminated to
terminal block match with the individual shield from single pair cable.
Overall shield from multi pair analog cable going inside the junction box shall be
terminated to
terminal block or bus bar (overall shield at analog cable doesnt have a pair with the
shield from
single pair cable). Overall shield from multi pair digital cable going inside the
junction box shall be
terminated to bus bar.
All individual and overall shields (screen) from multi pair cable shall be terminated
into respective
instrument earth bus bar at marshalling cabinet.

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