ETP-07-Co.

Textile Process at 100% cotton knitted fabric

Category : Cotton
Process : Dyeing

WASHING PROCESS

There are 4 phase process of wash which is done after dyeing process :

1. Hot rinsing before soaping process

- Eliminate or drop concentration of salt and alkali as many as possible
- Avoid from the happening of precipitation of reactive dye
- Eliminate the happening of wrinkling line at fabric as result of degradation
of dyeing temperature solution which would thrown ( " rapid cooling ")

2. Soaping
- Eliminate reactive dye pickings which is hydrolysis by nit and is not
fixation / reacts with fibre
- Increase power reactive dye diffusion to exit from surface of fibre

3. Hot rinsing after soaping.

- Help to prevents reactive dye pickings to return to surface of fabric ( back staining )

Phase of washing process for light colour fabric , medium colour and deep of colour

A. LIGHT COLOUR ( dyes < 1% , concentration of salt < 30 g/l )

- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes )
- Soaping ( 95 0C, 10 minutes )
- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes
- Cold rinsing ( 30 0C , 10 minutes ) , overflow

B. MEDIUM COLOUR ( dyes 1 - 4 % , concentration of salt 30 - 60 g/l )

- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes )

- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes )
- Soaping ( 95 0C , 10 minutes )
- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes )
- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes
- Cold rinsing ( 30 0C , 10 minutes ) , overflow

C. DEEP OF COLOUR ( dyes > 4% , concentration of salt > 70 g/l )

- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes )

- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes )
- Soaping ( 95 0C , 10 minutes )
- Soaping ( 95 0C , 10 minutes )
- Hot rinsing ( 70 0C , 10 minutes )
- Cold rinsing ( 30 0C , 10 minutes ) , overflow
- Fixing process

Note :
For old colour ( deep colour ) as does navy colour , marron ( red of liver ) , turquise ,
washing of temperature after process of soaping was done twice

FIXING PROCESS

For medium colour and deep colour then process fixing by using of fixing agent. Fixing
agent functions for :

1. Strengthen strong tying dye with fabric fibre.

2. Increase resilience cleans fabric.

Simply mode of action process of fixing is enlarge reactive dye molecule in fibre so that
dye will be more difficult having migration compatible exits fibre.

Process of workmanship with fixing agent :

R/
- Fixing agent 1 - 2 % ( medium colour ) or 2 - 3 % ( deep colour )
- pH 5
- temperature 50 - 60 0C
- time 20 minutes
after completing in cold rinsing then dried.

Example of Fixing agent :

Levogen BF ( Bayer ) , Tinofix EW ( Ciba ) , Indosol E 50 ( Clariant )

DYEING PROBLEM WITH HE TYPE REACTIVE DYES AND ITS PREVENTION

1. Result of piebald dyeing

Preventive :

- Dye selection truly and precisely

- Apply of dyeing standard suggested
- Apply of auxiliaries suggested

2. Repetition colour unequal dyeing result

Preventive

- Dye selection truly and precisely.

- Correctly liquor ratio

- Control temperature and time process

3. Result of young or older dyeing from laboratory standard

Preventive :
- Liquor ratio between laboratory and production must equal
- Apply of auxiliaries which is used in production at laboratory recipe
- Dyeing recipe in laboratory must equal with production

4. Problem of crease-mark

- Apply of anti-crease agent mark

- Heavy cloth which is dyed accomodated with machine capacities suggested