Morphology is the field of linguistics that studies the internal structure of words.

It is also
known as the branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word-formation within and across
languages, and attempts to formulate rules that model the knowledge of the speakers of
those languages. The knowledge of morphology can be applied among the teachers to
increase their vocabulary, detect the changes of word classes, know the word origins and
enhances the teachers' mind to think creatively.
Morphology can helps us as a teacher to increase our vocabulary as morpheme can be
combined to form a new word. As a trainee teacher, we are newly exposed to the words in a
variety of contexts. At school before, morphology is not being integrated into the spelling
curriculum. So now, we need to explore morphology by choose words or morpheme which
will provide the most benefit for ourselves in order to create new words. Informally, word
formation rules form "new words".
There are two types of word formation that are derivational and also compounding word.
Compounding is a word formation process that involves combining two free morphemes to
form a new word in a single compound form. For example, a free morpheme girl is
combined with another free morpheme; friend will form a new single word girlfriend. Girl
is a free morpheme because it is a smallest meaningful unit of sound so do the word friend.
In addition, both girl and friend are complete word forms in their own right before the
compounding process has been applied, and later are treated as one form.
In ordinary English spelling, compounds are sometimes spelled as single words, as in
blackbird, blackboard. Sometimes the parts are connected by a hyphen, as in jig-saw and
sometimes they are spelled as two words, as in chain saw, oil well. However, we are
justified in classifying all such cases as compound words not considering their conventional
spelling for a variety of reasons.
The second type of word formation is derivation. Derivation involves the combination of
free morpheme with affixes or suffixes. The most obvious word that use this type of
combination is teacher', the free morpheme teach combined with suffix er to form a new
word teacher'. So, a new word formed will be our new vocabulary and it can help us
understand English better.
As we studied morphology, we knew that one of the advantages of learning morphology is
its knowledge can help English teachers in identifying the changes of word classes. A
familiar distinction is that between nouns and verbs, and there are several ways in which we
can justify this in English. For example, teacher is derived by adding -er to the verb teach.
When the suffix -er is added to a verb, a new noun is created. Another example is, we can
form a noun happiness from the adjective happy. The word happiness is formed by adding
an ending, -ness, to happy. This process is referred as derivational morphology because it
derives a new word from the old one. Derivational process typically applies to nouns, verbs
and adjectives, thus allowing us to change the category of the word.
Apart from that, the changes of word classes also can be clarified by the process of
conversion. Conversion is the process or shifting a word into a different word class without
adding an affix. It can turns a verb becomes a noun and vice versa. As it changes, the
spelling and pronunciation do not change, neither is anything added. For example, the noun

email appeared in English before the verb: a decade ago I would have sent you an email
(noun) whereas now I can either send you an email (noun) or simply email (verb) you. The
original noun email experienced conversion, thus resulting in the new verb email.
Furthermore, in conversion process, concrete nouns, which are usually denoting things, are
converted into verbs meaning something related to the noun, as an action. For example,
many drivers regularly floor the pedal when driving this road (to floor the pedal = to press
it so that it reaches the floor of a car). To a layman, the word floor may look like a noun,
but semantically it is a verb.
Besides, the changes of word classes also can be distinguished by using suffixation process.
If we look through cases in which an adjective is turned into a verb, the word shorten,
weaken, and widen, for example, are formed by suffixation of en. Thus, by using all of
this knowledge, an English teacher should be able to differentiate and recognize a word
according to its word classes.
Morphology brings lots of benefits to their learner in understanding English vocabulary and
grammar better and helps us in future role as an English teacher. Morphology helps us a lot
in understanding the origins of word or in other words, we can say it as etymology.
According to the original Greene Grammar text, etymology is the study of origins of words.
Etymology, for example, tells us that the linguistic origin of the past tense of the verb go
went comes from the past tense of the older verb wend. Etymology also explains things
like the fact that the English word noun derives from the Latin word nomen. As a future
teacher, Morphology can give the brief information to the teacher to make them understand
when they are in school later on. As we all known, morphology is the study of word
formation process and how new words are being formed in the process. Through this study,
a teacher can know that the word formation through this process is widely used in much
language especially in English language. When we study the etymology in morphology, of
course we can know where the words come from. So, this enhances us to look at the history
of word itself because certain word in English is not only from western country but certain
word in English borrowed from the country that is not using English. For example, some
word comes from the France, Arab, china and so on. Words enter English in a number of
ways. The term used for the process called borrowing.
Borrowing is one of the common way, which refers to the process of taking words from
other languages and making them part of English. According to my reading, English has
borrowed thousands of words from scores of languages, particularly French, Latin, Greek
and Arab. In addition to going out and shopping for new furnishings for their language,
English speakers frequently piece together new things from old things they have on hand.
Thus, we get compounds, blends, acronyms, clipped forms, and other
"recycled" words. A compound, for example, simply consists of two words put
together. Among the hundreds of English compounds are words such as bedtime, baseball,
houseboat, and taillight. In some cases, English speakers merely start using old words in
new ways, thus creating functional shifts, eponyms, pejorations, and other not-so-new
words. Lexicographers, or dictionary makers, try to trace the histories of words and include
information about these histories in brief notes called etymologies. The most thorough
source of information about English etymology is the Oxford English Dictionary, a 20-

volume series that traces the histories of hundreds of thousands of English words back to
their original languages or forms.
Instead of calling it borrowing, we also can call it loanwords. Loanwords are words adopted
by the speakers of one language from a different language (the source language). A
loanword can also be called a borrowing. The abstract noun borrowing refers to the process
of speakers adopting words from a source language into their native language.
"Loan" and "borrowing" are of course metaphors, because there is
no literal lending process. There is no transfer from one language to another, and no
"returning" words to the source language. They simply come to be used by a
speech community that speaks a different language from the one they originated in.
In English, there are so many words that is borrowed from other language such as Arabic
language, French, Chinese as well as Romance. These are certain language that English
take their word and formed their permanent word. Words like cake, candy and coffee,
"algebra", "alcohol", "alchemy", "alkali",
"zenith" and "nadir" are originated from Arabic word and becomes
the word in English. Instead of that, there is also a French loan word in English. For
instance is provocative agent, camp assistant, a la cart, decorative art and cherry. These are
some example of English borrowing word from French.
Thus, the impact of learning Morphology on teacher is, it can help the teacher to gain their
knowledge in English as well as other language directly when they encounter such word in
their teaching. Sometimes, we usually have heard about the word in other language but due
to lack of information we just keep it silently. So, Morphology helps a lot the teacher in
understanding the meaning of word in both languages. As a result, the teacher will become
knowledgeable by learning it.
Last but not least, learning morphology enables us to detect ill-combined prefixes and
suffixes. As we all know, prefixes is an element of spelling added to the beginning of a base
or stem. It usually has a recognizable (but sometimes slippery) effect on the meaning or
force of the word it occurs in. Like a suffix, it is a type of morpheme. It cannot exist on its
own and must be attached to either another prefix or a base. According to the Wikipedia,
prefixes can be defined as an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. Particularly
in the study of semantic languages, a prefix is called a reformative, because it alters the
form of the words to which it is affixed. In a simple word, prefix is a word added in front of
the word. Usually, a prefixes change the meaning of the word. For instance, the prefixes im,
in, by, non and dis are some example of the prefixes that used to mean not except for bi
which means two. Some morphemes like boy, desire, gentle, and man constitute words by
themselves. Other morphemes like ish, -ness, -ly, -dis, -trans, and un are never word but
always part of words. However, there is certain morpheme like un-, dis, trans, and bi, im
are only be prefixes morpheme. It cannot be put in the end of a word. For example, the use
of prefixes bi is in the word like bipolar, bisexual, and bivalve and these prefixes only occur
before other morphemes.
On the other hand, in Morphology, it is also stated that other morphemes occur only as
suffixes following other morphemes in producing a new meaning form that word.
According to the book titled "An introduction to Language", it stated that

examples of suffixes morphemes are er, as in (singer, performer, engineer, reader and
beautifier), -ist, (typist, pianist, novelist, environmentalist, and linguist), and ly (as in
manly, friendly, sickly, spectacularly and sickly).
By learning all this suffixes and prefixes in morphology, it will help a teacher to understand
English grammar and teach it to the kids thoroughly. Besides, this learning can increase our
vocabulary as well as improving our general reading comprehension skill. The knowledge
of suffix meanings and suffix definitions in morphology also helps students see and use
context and etymological clues, allowing them to make educated guesses about the
meaning of unfamiliar words. Last but not least, as numerous suffixes are derived from
Greek and Latin roots, teachers can benefit from a multi-lingual approach to the meanings
of suffixes and this are like an advantages for the students too in learning the meaning of
words.
All languages have words, and words are probably the most accessible linguistics units to
the layman. However, through the study of morphology, we knew that many words in
English can easily be split into smaller components, each with its own meaning called
morphemes. By learning this field of linguistics, it helps us a lot in enhances our progress in
learning English, such as in vocabulary, grammar, etymology and etcetera. Thus, we can
use the knowledge of morphology to assist us in understanding the English better and
becoming a great English teacher.