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PinchingLimitStateMaterialOpenSeesWiki

PinchingLimitStateMaterial
FromOpenSeesWiki
Command_Manual

Thiscommandisusedtoconstructauniaxialmaterialthatsimulatesapinchedloaddeformationresponse
andexhibitsdegradationundercyclicloading.ThismaterialworkswiththeRotationShearCurvelimit
surfacethatcanmonitorakeydeformationand/orakeyforceinanassociatedframeelementandtriggera
degradingbehaviorinthismaterialwhenalimitingvalueofthedeformationand/orforcearereached.The
materialcanbeusedintwomodes:1)directinputmode,wherepinchinganddamageparametersare
directlyinputand2)calibratedmodeforshearcriticalconcretecolumns,whereonlykeycolumn
propertiesareinputformodeltofullydefinepinchinganddamageparameters.

MODE1:DirectInput
uniaxialMaterialPinchingLimitStateMaterial$matTag$nodeT$nodeB$driftAxis$Kelas$crvTyp
$crvTag
$YpinchUPN$YpinchRPN$XpinchRPN$YpinchUNP$YpinchRNP$XpinchRNP$dmgStrsLimE
$dmgDispMax$dmgE1$dmgE2$dmgE3$dmgE4$dmgELim$dmgR1$dmgR2$dmgR3$dmgR4
$dmgRLim$dmgRCyc$dmgS1$dmgS2$dmgS3$dmgS4$dmgSLim$dmgSCyc

$matTag
$nodeT
$nodeB
$driftAxis

uniquematerialobjectintegertag
integernodetagtodefinethefirstnodeattheextremeendoftheassociatedflexural
framemember(L3orD5inFigure)
integernodetagtodefinethelastnodeattheextremeendoftheassociatedflexuralframe
member(L2orD2inFigure)
integertoindicatethedriftaxisinwhichlateralstrengthdegradationwilloccur.Thisaxis
shouldbeorthogonaltotheaxisofmeasuredrotation(see$rotAxisinRotationShear
Curvedefinition)
driftAxis=1Driftalongthexaxis
driftAxis=2DriftalongtheyaxisdriftAxis=3Driftalongthezaxis

$Kelas
$crvTyp

floatingpointvaluetodefinetheinitialmaterialelasticstiffness(Kelastic)Kelas>0
integerflagtoindicatethetypeoflimitcurveassociatedwiththismaterial.
crvTyp=0Nolimitcurve

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crvTyp=1axiallimitcurvecrvTyp=2RotationShearCurve
$crvTag
$YpinchUPN

integertagfortheuniquelimitcurveobjectassociatedwiththismaterial
floatingpointunloadingforcepinchingfactorforloadinginthenegativedirection
Note:Thisvaluemustbebetweenzeroandunity
$YpinchRPN floatingpointreloadingforcepinchingfactorforloadinginthenegativedirection
Note:Thisvaluemustbebetweennegativeoneandunity
$XpinchRPN floatingpointreloadingdisplacementpinchingfactorforloadinginthenegativedirection
Note:Thisvaluemustbebetweennegativeoneandunity
$YpinchUNP floatingpointunloadingforcepinchingfactorforloadinginthepositivedirection
Note:Thisvaluemustbebetweenzeroandunity
$YpinchRNP floatingpointreloadingforcepinchingfactorforloadinginthepositivedirection
Note:Thisvaluemustbebetweennegativeoneandunity
$XpinchRNP floatingpointreloadingdisplacementpinchingfactorforloadinginthepositivedirection
Note:Thisvaluemustbebetweennegativeoneandunity
floatingpointforcelimitforelasticstiffnessdamage(typicallydefinedasthelowestof
$dmgStrsLimE
shearstrengthorshearatflexrualyielding).
Thisvalueisusedtocomputethemaximumdeformationatflexuralyield(maxEq.1)
andusingtheinitialelasticstiffness(Kelastic)themonotonicenergy(EmonoEq.1)to
yield.Input1ifthistypeofdamageisnotrequiredandset$dmgE1,$dmgE2,$dmgE3,
$dmgE4,and$dmgELimtozero
floatingpointforultimatedriftatfailure(maxEq.1)andisusedforstrengthand
$dmgDispMax
stiffnessdamage.
Thisvalueisusedtocomputethemonotonicenergyataxialfailure(EmonoEq.2)by
computingtheareaunderthebackboneinthepositiveloadingdirectionuptomax.Input
1ifthistypeofdamageisnotrequiredandset$dmgR1,$dmgR2,$dmgR3,$dmgR4,and
$dmgRLimtozeroforreloadingstiffnessdamage.Similarlyset$dmgS1,$dmgS2,
$dmgS3,$dmgS4,and$dmgSLimtozeroifreloadingstrengthdamageisnotrequired
$dmgE1
$dmgE2
floatingpointelasticstiffnessdamagefactors1,2,3,4showninEq.1
$dmgE3
$dmgE4
$dmgELim

floatingpointelasticstiffnessdamagelimitDlimshowninEq.1Note:Thisvaluemust
bebetweenzeroandunity

$dmgR1
$dmgR2
$dmgR3
$dmgR4

floatingpointreloadingstiffnessdamagefactors1,2,3,4showninEq.1

$dmgRLim
$dmgRCyc
$dmgS1
$dmgS2

floatingpointreloadingstiffnessdamagelimitDlimshowninEq.1Note:Thisvalue
mustbebetweenzeroandunity
floatingpointcyclicreloadingstiffnessdamageindexNote:Thisvaluemustbebetween
zeroandunity
floatingpointbackbonestrengthdamagefactors1,2,3,4showninEq.1

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$dmgS3
$dmgS4
$dmgSLim
$dmgSCyc

floatingpointbackbonestrengthdamagelimitDlimshowninEq.1Note:Thisvalue
mustbebetweenzeroandunity
floatingpointcyclicbackbonestrengthdamageindexNote:Thisvaluemustbebetween
zeroandunity

MODE2:CalibratedModelforShearCriticalConcreteColumns
uniaxialMaterialPinchingLimitStateMaterial$matTag$nodeT$nodeB$driftAxis$Kelas$crvTyp
$crvTag$eleTag$b$d$h$a$st$As$Acc$ld$db$rhot$f'c$fy$fyt
$matTag
$nodeT
$nodeB
$driftAxis

uniquematerialobjectintegertag
integernodetagtodefinethefirstnodeattheextremeendoftheassociated
flexuralframemember(L3orD5inFigure)
integernodetagtodefinethelastnodeattheextremeendoftheassociated
flexuralframemember(L2orD2inFigure)
integertoindicatethedriftaxisinwhichlateralstrengthdegradationwilloccur.
Thisaxisshouldbeorthogonaltotheaxisofmeasuredrotation(see$rotAxisin
RotationShearCurvedefinition)
driftAxis=1Driftalongthexaxis
driftAxis=2DriftalongtheyaxisdriftAxis=3Driftalongthezaxis

$Kelas

floatingpointvaluetodefinetheshearstiffness(Kelastic)oftheshearspringprior
toshearfailure
Kelas=4Shearstiffnesscalculatedassumingdoublecurvatureandshear
springsatbothcolumnelementends
Kelas=3Shearstiffnesscalculatedassumingdoublecurvatureandashear
springatonecolumnelementend
Kelas=2Shearstiffnesscalculatedassumingsinglecurvatureandshearsprings
atbothcolumnelementends
Kelas=1Shearstiffnesscalculatedassumingsinglecurvatureandashear
springatonecolumnelementend
Kelas>0Shearstiffnessistheinputvalue
Note:integerinputsallowthemodeltoknowwhethercolumnheightequalsthe
shearspan(cantelever)ortwicetheshearspan(doublecurvature).Forcolumnsin
frames,inputthevalueforthecasethatbestapproximatescolumnendconditions
ormanuallyinputshearstiffness(typicallydoublecurvaturebetterestimates

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framedcolumnbehavior)
$crvTag
$eleTag
$b
$d
$h
$a
$st
$As
$Acc
$ld
$db
$rhot
$f'c
$fy
$fyt

integertagfortheuniquelimitcurveobjectassociatedwiththismaterial
integerelementtagtodefinetheassociatedbeamcolumnelementusedtoextract
axialload
floatingpointcolumnwidth(inches)
floatingpointcolumndepth(inches)
floatingpointcolumnheight(inches)
floatingpointshearspanlength(inches)
floatingpointtransversereinforcementspacing(inches)alongcolumnheight
floatingpointtotalarea(inchessquared)oflongitudinalsteelbarsinsection
floatingpointgrossconfinedconcretearea(inchessquared)boundedbythe
transversereinforcementincolumnsection
floatingpointdevelopmentlength(inches)oflongitudinalbarsusingACI31811
Eq.121andEq.122
floatingpointdiameter(inches)oflongitudinalbarsincolumnsection
floatingpointtransversereinforcementratio(Ast/st.db)
floatingpointconcretecompressivestrength(ksi)
floatingpointlongitudinalsteelyieldstrength(ksi)
floatingpointtransversesteelyieldstrength(ksi)

DESCRIPTION:

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ThematerialmodelcoupledwiththeRotationShearCurvelimitsurface:1)hastheabilitytocontinually
monitorforcesanddeformationsintheflexuralelementsforconditionsthattriggerlateralstrength
degradation,2)hasabuiltinfunctionthatcompensatesforflexuraldeformationoffsetsthatarisefromthe
degradingbehaviorofthematerialinshearsprings,and3)isabletotriggerlateralstrengthdegradation
througheitheralimitinglateralforceorelementdeformations(whicheverisreachedfirst).Thematerial
introducesseveralfunctionalitiesthatgiveusersahighdegreeofcontroloverthetriggeringofstrength
degradationandtheensuingcyclicdegradingbehavior.Damagealgorithmsareimplementedtocontrolthe
degradingbehaviorthroughelasticstiffness,reloadingstiffness,andbackbonestrengthdegradation(Fig.
2).Therateofdamageaccumulationcanbecontrolledbyenergy,displacement,andcyclebaseddamage
computationalgorithms.
Duringthedegradingbehavior,themodelautomaticallyadjustsreloadingstiffnesstoachieveasymmetric
globalelementlateralloadvslateraldisplacementbehavior.Themodeldoessobyautomaticallyadjusting
thereloadingstiffnessandbackbonecurveofthematerialmodeltocompensatefordissymmetryintroduced
bytheunloadingoftheflexuralelementsinserieswithshearspringsgovernedbythemodel.
DAMAGE:
Damageaccumulationseffectsbasedonnumbersofcyclescanbeintroducedtoreloadingstiffnessand
backbonestrengththroughthesimpleparameters$dmgRCycand$dmgSCycwithvaluesrangingfrom0to
1.
Elasticstiffness,reloadingstiffness,andstrengthcanbeadjustedusingthefollowingenergyand
displacementdamagemodel(fromMitraandLowes(2007)):
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EXAMPLE:
PinchingLimitStateMaterialExample

REFERENCES:
1.LeBorgneM.R.,2012,"ModelingthePostShearFailureBehaviorofReinforcedConcreteColumns."
Austin,Texas:UniversityofTexasatAustin,PhD,301.
2.LeBorgneM.R.,GhannoumW.M.,2013,"AnalyticalElementforSimulatingLateralStrength
DegradationinReinforcedConcreteColumnsandOtherFrameMembers,"JournalofStructural
Engineering,V.doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943541X.0000925
3.GhannoumW.M.,MoehleJ.P.,2012,"RotationBasedShearFailureModelforLightlyConfined
ReinforcedConcreteColumns,"JournalofStructuralEngineering,V.138,No.10,126778.
4.MitraNilanjan,LowesLauraN.,2007,"Evaluation,Calibration,andVerificationofaReinforced
ConcreteBeamColumnJointModel,"JournalofStructuralEngineering,V.133,No.1,10520.

CodeDevelopedby:MatthewLeborgneandWassimM.Ghannoum,UniversityofTexasatAustin
Retrievedfrom"http://opensees.berkeley.edu/wiki/index.php/Pinching_Limit_State_Material"
Thispagewaslastmodifiedon11April2014,at20:13.

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