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http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/transformer-protection-abstract-from-nec
Example
Decide Size of circuit breaker (overcurrent protection device) is required on the primary side to protect a 75kva
440v-230v 3 transformer.
75kva x 1,000 = 75,000VA
75,000VA / (440V x 3) = 98.41 amps.
The current (amps) is more than 9 amps so use 125% rating.
123 amps x 1.25 = 112.76 amps
Use 125 amp 3-pole circuit breaker (the next highest fuse/fixed-trip circuit breaker size per NEC 240.6). The
overcurrent device on the primary side must be sized based on the transformer KVA rating and not sized based on the
secondary load to the transformer.
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Example
Decide size of circuit breaker (overcurrent protection device) is required on the secondary side to protect a 75kva
440v-230v 3 transformer. We have Calculate the secondary overcurrent protection based on the size of the
transformer, not the total connected load.
75kva x 1,000 = 75,000va
75,000va / (230V x 3) = 188.27 amps. (Note: 230V 3 is calculated)
The current (amps) is more than 9 amps so use 125% rating.
188.27 amps x 1.25 = 235.34 amps
Therefore: Use 300amp 3-pole circuit breaker (per NEC 240.6).
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