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Lesson Plan
Cover Page: Course Overview
Semester: 4
Year: 2015
Date: 17-12-2014
Checked By:
Date:
Prerequisites: Study of Gas Dynamics & Combustion requires basic knowledge of Fluid
Mechanics and Thermodynamics.
Course Overview: Gas Dynamics deals with flow of compressible fluids such as air and
mixture of gases. The course covers important aspects of subsonic, sonic and supersonic flow
of compressible fluids, their characteristics and applications. The course on combustion
introduces students to various fuels and the mechanism of combustion by which the chemical
energy of fuels is converted to useful thermal energy.
Course Learning Objectives (CLO):
By the end of the course, Students will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Facilitate students to understand the concepts of gas dynamics and combustion of fuels.
Provide fundamental knowledge on subsonic, sonic and supersonic flows.
Orientation towards engineering applications of gas and aerodynamics.
Compare combustion efficiency of different fuels.
Course Content
Course Code: 12ME6C2
Course Title: Gas Dynamics & Combustion
Teaching Hours: 4 Hrs per Week
L-T-P: 4+0+0
CIE: 100
SEE: 100
UNIT-1
1. Introduction to Gas Dynamics: Compressible Flows, Isentropic flow,
Stagnation, Static and Dynamic Pressure, Pressure Co-efficient; Acoustic speed,
Mach Number, Governing Equations for Compressible Flows.
08 Hrs.
UNIT-2
2. Shock Waves: Normal Shock Waves Rankine Hugoniot Equation, Raleigh Flow,
Fanno Flow; Oblique Shock Waves, supersonic flow over wedges and cones,
reflection and interaction of shock waves; Prandtl Meyer Flow.
UNIT-3
3. Nozzles: Isentropic flow through variable area ducts, convergent and divergent
nozzles, over expanded and under expanded nozzles; subsonic wind tunnels, shock
tunnels and super-sonic wind tunnels.
08 Hrs.
08 Hrs.
UNIT-4
4. Combustion: Types of fuels and modes of combustion; Stoichiometry, Chemical
Equilibrium, Thermo-Chemistry, Basic reactor Kinetics, Elementary Reactions,
Chain Reactions, Multi-Step Reaction.
08 Hrs.
UNIT-5
5. Physics of Combustion: Laws of transport mechanism, premixed flames,
ignition and flame stabilization and extinction; Combustion and Emission,
Atmosphere, Chemical Emission from Combustion, Quantification and Control of
Emission.
08 Hrs.
Reference Books:
(1) Robert D Zucker, Oscar Biblarz, Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons,
New York, 2002
(2) Sara McAllister, Jyh-Yuan Chen, Carlos Fernandez, Fundamentals of Combustion
Processes, Springer, New York, 2011.
(3) Irvin Glassmann, Richard Yetter, Combustion, Elsevier, 2008
(4) P.Balachandran, Compressible Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall of India, 2006
(5) Babu V, Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics, Ane Books Ltd., 2008
MEPO1
MEPO2
MEPO3
MEPO4
MEPO5
MEPO6
Assessment Intervals
1
Quiz
Tests
Seminar / Presentation
Lab
NA
X
X
Unit
Chapter
Teaching
Hours
No. of Questions in
Test-1
Test-2
No. of
Questions in
SEE
Test-3
Introduction to Gas
Dynamics
08
Shock waves
08
Nozzles
08
Combustion
08
Physics of combustion
08
2
2
Note:
1. Each test paper will consist of a quiz and descriptive type of questions. The quiz will be
for 15 marks covering the relevant chapters and is compulsory.
2. The descriptive part of the test paper will consist of a total of 10 questions from relevant
chapters out of which the student should answer 50% of questions from each unit.
(CS Prasad)
Faculty In-charge
Date: 17 December 2014
Planned Hours: 08
Numerical examples.
Model Questions
1. Explain salient differences between compressible and incompressible fluids.
2. Define and write the mathematical expression for velocity of sound.
3. Derive expressions connecting stagnation and static properties in terms of Mach
number..
4. Determine the stagnation pressure and temperature of air at 105 N/m2 and 400 K flowing
with a velocity of 400 m/s.
Planned Hours: 08
Lesson Schedule
Class No.
Numerical examples.
Model Questions
1. Describe the events leading to the formation of a shock wave.
2. Explain the phenomena of normal shock with the help of Fanno and Rayleigh lines on
h-s plot.
3. The pressure, temperature and Mach number upstream of a normal shock are 0.1 MPa,
300 K and 2.0 respectively. Determine the Mach number, pressure, temperature and
velocity downstream of the shock.
4. What is an oblique shock wave and when does it occur? Give two practical situations
where oblique shocks are produced.
5. What is Prandtl-Meyer flow? Highlight the difference between the Prandtl-Meyer angle
and the Mach angle.
Planned Hours: 08
Lesson Schedule
Class No.
Model Questions
1. Discuss general characteristics if isentropic flow through a variable area passage.
2. Sketch the variation of area, velocity and pressure for the isentropic flow through
subsonic and supersonic nozzles.
3. Explain how a shock wave develops in the diverging section of a supersonic nozzle.
Under what conditions will it move towards the nozzle exit?
4. Discuss the characteristics and performance of under expanded and over expanded
nozzles.
5. Describe the operation of a subsonic wind tunnel with the help of a sketch.
Planned Hours: 08
Lesson Schedule
Class No.
Types of fuel and their characteristics; caloric value and its determination.
Heat of combustion
Model Questions
1. List and discuss the basic considerations in the choice of fuels.
2. What is meant by Combustion stoichiometry? Briefly explain.
3. Define reaction rate and write the compact mathematical expression for chemical
reaction.
4. A reaction involving Gasoline and Air produces 10.02% CO2, 5.62% O2, 0.88% CO and
83.48% N2. Determine the Air-Fuel ratio, Equivalence Ratio and Stoichiometric air
used.
5. Differentiate between first order and second order chemical reactions.
Planned Hours: 08
Lesson Schedule
Class No.
Transport properties of gas mixture; viscosity, heat conduction and diffusion and
mass conservation.
Emission and its control; wet scrubber, Zeldovich and Fenimore mechanisms.
Model Questions
1. State and discuss the laws of viscosity, heat conduction and species diffusion. How are they
related to combustion?
2. Define premixed flame and discuss its characteristics with an example.
3. What is Borghi diagram and how is it useful in identifying different types of flame?
4. Identify the different layers of atmosphere and plot the variation in temperature and pressure
with altitude.
5. What are the different mechanisms available for reduction of NO x emission? Discuss any one
mechanism in detail.